@article{Han:2015:10.1680/jgele.15.00130,
author = {Han, B and Yang, Z and Zdravkovic, L and Kontoe, S},
doi = {10.1680/jgele.15.00130},
journal = {Geotechnique Letters},
pages = {287--293},
title = {Non-linearity of gravelly soils under seismic compressional deformation based on KiK-net downhole array observations},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgele.15.00130},
volume = {5},
year = {2015}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - In this paper the nonlinear behaviour of gravelly soils under seismiccompressional deformation is investigated based on KiK-net downhole array earthquakeobservations in Japan. By comparing the amplification spectra between the verticalresponse at the ground surface and at the bottom of downholes subjected to strongmotions with those subjected to weak motions, empirical curves for constrainedmodulus degradation are obtained considering different levels of vertical confiningpressure. Results show that the nonlinearity associated with the compressionaldeformation can be as significant as that of the shear deformation, for gravelly soilsabove water tables. The proposed curves provide satisfactory predictions for thecompressional soil nonlinearity investigated in previous studies. Furthermore, theproposed curves are formulated by a modified cyclic nonlinear model, which canaccount for constrained modulus degradation under a variety of confining pressureconditions and therefore extends the application of the proposed reference curves tononlinear numerical analysis of geotechnical structures under multi-directional seismicloads.
AU  - Han,B
AU  - Yang,Z
AU  - Zdravkovic,L
AU  - Kontoe,S
DO  - 10.1680/jgele.15.00130
EP  - 293
PY  - 2015///
SN  - 2045-2543
SP  - 287
TI  - Non-linearity of gravelly soils under seismic compressional deformation based on KiK-net downhole array observations
T2  - Geotechnique Letters
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/jgele.15.00130
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/28399
VL  - 5
ER  - 

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