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  • Journal article
    Brooks NJ, 2014,

    Pressure effects on lipids and bio-membrane assemblies.

    , IUCrJ, Vol: 1, Pages: 470-477, ISSN: 2052-2525

    Membranes are amongst the most important biological structures; they maintain the fundamental integrity of cells, compartmentalize regions within them and play an active role in a wide range of cellular processes. Pressure can play a key role in probing the structure and dynamics of membrane assemblies, and is also critical to the biology and adaptation of deep-sea organisms. This article presents an overview of the effect of pressure on the mesostructure of lipid membranes, bilayer organization and lipid-protein assemblies. It also summarizes recent developments in high-pressure structural instrumentation suitable for experiments on membranes.
  • Journal article
    Ces O, Elani Y, Law R, 2014,

    Vesicle-based artificial cells as chemical microreactors with spatially segregated reaction pathways

    , Nature Communications, Vol: 5, ISSN: 2041-1723

    In the discipline of bottom-up synthetic biology, vesicles define the boundaries of artificial cells and are increasingly being used as biochemical microreactors operating in physiological environments. As the field matures, there is a need to compartmentalize processes in different spatial localities within vesicles, and for these processes to interact with one another. Here we address this by designing and constructing multi-compartment vesicles within which an engineered multi-step enzymatic pathway is carried out. The individual steps are isolated in distinct compartments, and their products traverse into adjacent compartments with the aid of transmembrane protein pores, initiating subsequent steps. Thus, an engineered signalling cascade is recreated in an artificial cellular system. Importantly, by allowing different steps of a chemical pathway to be separated in space, this platform bridges the gap between table-top chemistry and chemistry that is performed within vesicles.
  • Conference paper
    Elani Y, Law R, Ces O, 2014,

    Microfluidic generation of networked droplet collections and lipid membrane constructs

    , 18th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, Pages: 677-679, ISSN: 1556-5904

    We report on microfluidic strategies to generate several multi-compartment membrane-basedstructures, including droplet interface bilayer networks and multi-compartment vesicles. Thesedevelopments allow the current status quo— where microdroplets are used as isolated vessels— to bechanged. By linking droplets together with lipid membranes, higher order systems can be generated, withparticular ramifications for bottom-up synthetic biology and for functional droplet-based microreactorsand biodevices.
  • Conference paper
    Carreras P, Elani Y, Law R, Brooks N, Seddon J, Ceset al.,

    A droplet trapping microfluidic device for the study of mass-transport across droplet interface bilayers

    , MicroTAS 2014
  • Journal article
    Carreras P, Law RV, Brooks NJ, Seddon JM, Ces Oet al., 2014,

    Microfluidic generation of droplet interface bilayer networks incorporating real-time size sorting in linear and non-linear configurations

    , Biomicrofluidics, Vol: 8, ISSN: 1932-1058

    In this study, a novel droplet based microfluidic method for the generation of different sized droplet interface bilayers is reported. A microfluidic platform was designed, which allows the generation and packing of picoliter lipid coated water droplets. Droplets were generated by hydrodynamic focusing coupled with selective transport along grooves according to their size. A trapping structure at the end of the groove and a fine control of the flow pressures allowed for the droplets to be successfully trapped and aligned on demand. This technology facilitates the fine control of droplet size production as well as the generation of extended networks from a variety of lipids including 1,2-diphytanoyl-sn-glycero-3- phosphocholine and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in linear and non- linear configurations, which is vital to the application of Droplet Interface Bilayers to biological network construction on-chip.
  • Journal article
    Sennoga CA, Seddon JM, Frueh JA, Zhang D, Haskard DO, Eckersley RJ, Tang M-Xet al., 2014,

    DYNAMICS OF TARGETED MICROBUBBLE ADHESION UNDER PULSATILE COMPARED WITH STEADY FLOW

    , ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY, Vol: 40, Pages: 2445-2457, ISSN: 0301-5629
  • Journal article
    Barriga HMG, Booth P, Haylock S, Bazin R, Templer RH, Ces Oet al., 2014,

    Droplet interface bilayer reconstitution and activity measurement of the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance from Escherichia coli

    , JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE, Vol: 11, ISSN: 1742-5689
  • Journal article
    Burgin E, Salehi-Reyhani A, Barclay M, Brown A, Kaplinsky J, Novakova M, Neil MAA, Ces O, Willison KR, Klug DRet al., 2014,

    Absolute quantification of protein copy number using a single-molecule-sensitive microarray

    , ANALYST, Vol: 139, Pages: 3235-3244, ISSN: 0003-2654
  • Journal article
    Casey D, Charalambous K, Gee A, Law RV, Ces Oet al., 2014,

    Amphiphilic drug interactions with model cellular membranes are influenced by lipid chain-melting temperature

    , JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE, Vol: 11, ISSN: 1742-5689
  • Journal article
    Tang T-YD, Seddon AM, Jeworrek C, Winter R, Ces O, Seddon JM, Templer RHet al., 2014,

    The effects of pressure and temperature on the energetics and pivotal surface in a monoacylglycerol/water gyroid inverse bicontinuous cubic phase

    , SOFT MATTER, Vol: 10, Pages: 3009-3015, ISSN: 1744-683X
  • Journal article
    Schrems A, Phillips J, Casey D, Wylie D, Novakova M, Sleytr UB, Klug D, Neil MAA, Schuster B, Ces Oet al., 2014,

    The grab-and-drop protocol: a novel strategy for membrane protein isolation and reconstitution from single cells

    , ANALYST, Vol: 139, Pages: 3296-3304, ISSN: 0003-2654
  • Journal article
    Salehi-Reyhani A, Sharma S, Burgin E, Barclay M, Cass A, Neil MAA, Ces O, Willison KR, Klug DR, Brown A, Novakova Met al., 2014,

    Scaling advantages and constraints in miniaturized capture assays for single cell protein analysis (vol 13, pg 2066, 2013)

    , LAB ON A CHIP, Vol: 14, Pages: 3430-3430, ISSN: 1473-0197
  • Journal article
    Cook AG, Martinez-Felipe A, Brooks NJ, Seddon JM, Imrie CTet al., 2013,

    New insights into the transitional behaviour of methyl-6-O-(n-dodecanoyl)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside using variable temperature FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction

    , LIQUID CRYSTALS, Vol: 40, Pages: 1817-1827, ISSN: 0267-8292
  • Journal article
    Zahid NI, Conn CE, Brooks NJ, Ahmad N, Seddon JM, Hashim Ret al., 2013,

    Investigation of the Effect of Sugar Stereochemistry on Biologically Relevant Lyotropic Phases from Branched-Chain Synthetic Glycolipids by Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering

    , Langmuir

    Synthetic branched-chain glycolipids are suitable as model systems to understand biological cell membranes, particularly since certain natural lipids possess chain branching. Herein, four branched-chain glycopyranosides namely 2-hexyl-decyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (α-Glc-OC10C6), 2-hexyl-decyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (β-Glc-OC10C6), 2-hexyl-decyl-α-D-galactopyranoside (α-Gal-OC10C6) and 2-hexyl-decyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (β-Gal-OC10C6) with a total alkyl chain length of 16 carbon atoms have been synthesized and their phase behaviour studied. The partial binary phase diagrams of these non-ionic surfactants in water were investigated by optical polarizing microscopy (OPM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The introduction of chain branching in the hydrocarbon chain region is shown to result in the formation of inverse structures such as the inverse hexagonal and inverse bicontinuous cubic phases. Comparison of the four compounds showed that they exhibited different polymorphism, especially in the thermotropic state, due to contributions from anomeric and epimeric effects according to their stereochemistry. The neat compound of α-Glc-OC10C6 exhibited a lamellar (Lα) phase whereas dry α-Gal-OC10C6formed an inverse bicontinuous cubic Ia3d (QIIG) phase. Both β-anomers of glucoside and galactoside adopted the inverse hexagonal phase (HII) in the dry state. Generally, in the presence of water, all four glycolipids formed inverse bicontinuous cubic Ia3d (QIIG) and Pn3m (QIID) phases over a wide temperature and concentration range. The formation of inverse non-lamellar phases by these Guerbet branched-chain glycosides confirms their potential as materials for novel biotechnological applications such as drug-delivery and crystallization of membrane proteins.
  • Journal article
    Miller D, Booth PJ, Seddon JM, Templer RH, Law RV, Woscholski R, Ces O, Barter LMCet al., 2013,

    Protocell design through modular compartmentalization

    , JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE, Vol: 10, ISSN: 1742-5689
  • Journal article
    Purushothaman S, Gauthe BLLE, Brooks NJ, Templer RH, Ces Oet al., 2013,

    Automated laboratory based X-ray beamline with multi-capillary sample chamber

    , REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS, Vol: 84, ISSN: 0034-6748
  • Conference paper
    Zahid IN, Conn CE, Brooks NJ, Seddon JM, Hashim Ret al., 2013,

    Effects of sugar stereochemistry on lyotropic mesophases of branched-chain synthetic glycolipids

    , 9th European-Biophysical-Societies-Association Congress, Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: S132-S132, ISSN: 0175-7571
  • Conference paper
    Elani Y, Gee A, Law RV, Ces Oet al., 2013,

    Manufacturing vesicles with internal bilayer partitions: a novel unit for synthetic biology

    , 9th European-Biophysical-Societies-Association Congress, Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: S55-S55, ISSN: 0175-7571
  • Journal article
    Kirsten ML, Baron RA, Seabra MC, Ces Oet al., 2013,

    Rab1a and Rab5a preferentially bind to binary lipid compositions with higher stored curvature elastic energy

    , MOLECULAR MEMBRANE BIOLOGY, Vol: 30, Pages: 303-314, ISSN: 0968-7688
  • Conference paper
    Tyler AII, Shearman GC, Parsons ES, Barriga HMG, Templer RH, Ces O, Brooks NJ, Law RV, Seddon JMet al., 2013,

    Tuning curvature in inverse micellar and bicontinuous cubic phases

    , 9th European-Biophysical-Societies-Association Congress, Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: S140-S140, ISSN: 0175-7571
  • Conference paper
    Brooks N, Barriga H, McCarthy N, Purushothaman S, Seddon J, Ces O, Law Ret al., 2013,

    Dynamic membrane structures at high pressure

    , 9th European-Biophysical-Societies-Association Congress, Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: S118-S118, ISSN: 0175-7571
  • Journal article
    Elani Y, Gee A, Law RV, Ces Oet al., 2013,

    Engineering multi-compartment vesicle networks

    , CHEMICAL SCIENCE, Vol: 4, Pages: 3332-3338, ISSN: 2041-6520
  • Journal article
    Wu Y, Stefl M, Olzynska A, Hof M, Yahioglu G, Yip P, Casey DR, Ces O, Humpolickova J, Kuimova MKet al., 2013,

    Molecular rheometry: direct determination of viscosity in L-o and L-d lipid phases via fluorescence lifetime imaging

    , PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol: 15, Pages: 14986-14993, ISSN: 1463-9076
  • Journal article
    Kulkarni CV, Ces O, Templer RH, Seddon JMet al., 2013,

    Pressure effects on a protein-lipid model membrane

    , SOFT MATTER, Vol: 9, Pages: 6525-6531, ISSN: 1744-683X
  • Journal article
    Boehm CR, Freemont PS, Ces O, 2013,

    Design of a prototype flow microreactor for synthetic biology in vitro

    , LAB ON A CHIP, Vol: 13, Pages: 3426-3432, ISSN: 1473-0197
  • Journal article
    Seddon JM, 2013,

    Preface

    , FARADAY DISCUSSIONS, Vol: 161, Pages: 9-10, ISSN: 1359-6640
  • Journal article
    Salehi-Reyhani A, Sharma S, Burgin E, Barclay M, Cass AEG, Neil MEE, Ces O, Willison KR, Klug Det al., 2013,

    Scaling Advantages and Constraints in Miniaturized Capture Assays for Single Cell Protein Analysis

    , Lab on A Chip, Vol: 13, Pages: 2066-2074, ISSN: 1473-0197

    Measuring protein expression in single cells is the basis of single cell proteomics. The sensitivity and dynamic range of a single cell immunoassay should ideally be such that proteins that are expressed between 1 – 106 copies per cell can be detected and counted. We have investigated the effect of miniaturizing antibody microarrays by reducing capture spot sizes from 100 μm to 15 μm using dip pen nanolithography. We demonstrate that protocols developed for printing and passivating antibody capture spots using conventional pin based contact printing can be directly transferred to dip-pen lithography whilst retaining the capture activity per unit area. Using a simple kinetic model, we highlight how the limit of detection and dynamic range of a sandwich immunoassay, respectively, increase and decrease when spot size is reduced. However, we show that reducing spot size is more effective than increasing assay chamber volume when seeking to multiplex such a microfluidic immunoassay. Although, we make particular reference to single cell microfluidic immunoassays, the topics discussed here are applicable to capture assays in general.
  • Journal article
    Johnson S, Brooks NJ, Smith RAG, Lea SM, Bubeck Det al., 2013,

    Structural basis for recognition of the pore-forming toxin intermedilysin by human complement receptor CD59

    , Cell Reports, Vol: 3

    Pore-forming proteins containing the structurally conserved membrane attack complex/perforin fold play an important role in immunity and host-pathogen interactions. Intermedilysin (ILY) is an archetypal member of a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin subclass that hijacks the complement receptor CD59 to make cytotoxic pores in human cells. ILY directly competes for the membrane attack complex binding-site on CD59, rendering cells susceptible to complement lysis. To understand how these bacterial pores form in lipid bilayers and the role CD59 plays in complement regulation, we determined the crystal structure of human CD59 bound to ILY. Here we show the ILY-CD59 complex at 3.5 Å resolution and identify two interfaces mediating this hostpathogen interaction. An ILY-derived peptide based on the binding-site inhibits pore formation in a CD59-containing liposome model system. These data provide insight into how CD59 coordinates ILY monomers, nucleating an early prepore state, and suggest a potential mechanism of inhibition for the complement terminal pathway.
  • Journal article
    Wylie D, Casey D, Phillips J, Klug D, Ces O, Neil Met al., 2012,

    Novel nanotechnologies for multiple spatially and temporally resolved live single cell membrane sampling and analysis

    , FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, Vol: 53, Pages: S127-S128, ISSN: 0891-5849
  • Journal article
    Salehi-Reyhani A, Barclay M, Ces O, Willison K, Klug Det al., 2012,

    Towards Practical Single Cell Proteomics: A Microfluidic Antibody Capture Chip with TIRF Detection

    , FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, Vol: 53, Pages: S128-S128, ISSN: 0891-5849
  • Conference paper
    Child C, Gee A, Long N, Ces Oet al., 2012,

    Measuring non-specific binding of novel PET radioligands to determine structure-activity relationships between NSB and their physiochemical properties

    , 9th International Symposium on Functional Neuroreceptor Mapping of the Living Brain (NRM), Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: S108-S109, ISSN: 0271-678X
  • Journal article
    Tang TYD, Brooks NJ, Jeworrek C, Ces O, Terrill NJ, Winter R, Templer RH, Seddon JMet al., 2012,

    Hydrostatic Pressure Effects on the Lamellar to Gyroid Cubic Phase Transition of Monolinolein at Limited Hydration

    , Langmuir
  • Journal article
    Cook AG, Wardell JL, Brooks NJ, Seddon JM, Martínez-Felipe A, Imrie CTet al., 2012,

    Non-symmetric liquid crystal dimer containing a carbohydrate-based moiety

    , Carbohydrate Research, Vol: 360, Pages: 78-83

    The synthesis and characterisation of a novel non-symmetric liquid crystal dimer, 1-[3-O-(D-glucopyranos-3-yl)]-8-[(4-methoxyazobenzene-40-oxy)]octane is reported. This exhibits glassy behaviour and a highly interdigitated smectic A phase in which the aromatic and alkyl structural fragments overlap. Variable temperature infrared spectroscopy reveals that the strength and extent of hydrogen bonding within the system does not show a marked change at either the glass transition or at the smectic A-isotropic transition. This observation indicates that the smectic A-isotropic transition is driven by changes in the van der Waals interactions between the molecules while hydrogen bonded aggregates persist into the isotropic phase.
  • Journal article
    Mak LH, Knott J, Scott KA, Scott C, Whyte GF, Ye Y, Mann DJ, Ces O, Stivers J, Woscholski Ret al., 2012,

    Arylstibonic acids are potent and isoform-selective inhibitors of Cdc25a and Cdc25b phosphatases

    , BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY, Vol: 20, Pages: 4371-4376, ISSN: 0968-0896
  • Journal article
    Sennoga CA, Yeh JSM, Alter J, Stride E, Nihoyannopoulos P, Seddon JM, Haskard DO, Hajnal JV, Tang M-X, Eckersley RJet al., 2012,

    EVALUATION OF METHODS FOR SIZING AND COUNTING OF ULTRASOUND CONTRAST AGENTS

    , ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY, Vol: 38, Pages: 834-845, ISSN: 0301-5629
  • Journal article
    Goyder MS, Willison KR, Klug DR, deMello AJ, Ces Oet al., 2012,

    Affinity chromatography and capillary electrophoresis for analysis of the yeast ribosomal proteins

    , BMB REPORTS, Vol: 45, Pages: 233-238, ISSN: 1976-6696
  • Journal article
    Charalambous K, Booth PJ, Woscholski R, Seddon JM, Templer RH, Law RV, Barter LMC, Ces Oet al., 2012,

    Engineering de Novo Membrane-Mediated Protein-Protein Communication Networks

    , JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 134, Pages: 5746-5749, ISSN: 0002-7863
  • Journal article
    Elani Y, deMello AJ, Niu X, Ces Oet al., 2012,

    Novel technologies for the formation of 2-D and 3-D droplet interface bilayer networks

    , Lab on a Chip, Vol: 12, Pages: 3514-3520, ISSN: 1473-0197

    Droplet interface bilayer (DIB) networks have vast potential in the field of membrane biophysics,synthetic biology, and functional bio-electronics. However a technological bottleneck exists innetwork fabrication: existing methods are limited in terms of their automation, throughput,versatility, and ability to form well-defined 3-D networks. We have developed a series of novel andlow-cost methodologies which address these limitations. The first involves building DIB networksaround the contours of a microfluidic chip. The second uses flow rate and droplet size control toinfluence droplet packing geometries within a microfluidic chamber. The latter method enables thecontrolled formation of various 3-D network arrays consisting of thousands of interconnectedsymmetric and asymmetric lipid bilayers for the first time. Both approaches allow individual dropletposition and composition to be controlled, paving the way for complex on-chip functional networksynthesis.
  • Journal article
    Furse S, Brooks NJ, Seddon AM, Woscholski R, Templer RH, Tate EW, Gaffney PRJ, Ces Oet al., 2012,

    Lipid membrane curvature induced by distearoyl phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate

    , Soft Matter
  • Journal article
    Shaw KP, Brooks NJ, Clarke JA, Ces O, Seddon JM, Law RVet al., 2012,

    Pressure – temperature phase behaviour of natural sphingomyelin extracts

    , Soft Matter, Vol: 8, Pages: 1070-1078

    Sphingomyelin is the only sphingolipid occurring naturally in mammalian cells and can form up to 50% of the total phospholipid content of the myelin sheath which surrounds nerves. Having predominantly long, saturated acyl chains, it has a relatively high chain melting temperature and has been strongly associated with formation of lipid microdomains. Here, the lyotropic phase behaviour of sphingomyelin from three different natural sources (bovine brain, egg yolk and milk) in excess water is studied as a function of temperature and pressure by small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, and solid state NMR. The different hydrocarbon chain length distributions of the three lipid extracts results in significant differences in their gel phase structure; both the bovine brain and egg yolk sphingomyelins can form a ripple gel phase but milk sphingomyelin forms an interdigitated gel phase due to the high degree of chain mismatch in its longer hydrocarbon chain components.
  • Journal article
    Lanigan PMP, Munro I, Grace EJ, Casey DR, Phillips J, Klug DR, Ces O, Neil MAAet al., 2012,

    Dynamical hologram generation for high speed optical trapping of smart droplet microtools

    , Biomedical Optics Express, Vol: 3, Pages: 1609-1609
  • Journal article
    Salehi-Reyhani A, Kaplinsky J, Burgin E, Novakova M, deMello AJ, Templer RH, Parker P, Neil MAA, Ces O, French P, Willison KR, Klug Det al., 2011,

    A first step towards practical single cell proteomics: a microfluidic antibodycapture chip with TIRF detection

    , Lab Chip, Vol: 11, Pages: 1256-1261

    We have developed a generic platform to undertake the analysis of protein copy number from singlecells. The approach described here is ‘all-optical’ whereby single cells are manipulated into separate analysis chambers using an optical trap; single cells are lysed by a shock wave caused by laser-induced microcavitation, and the protein released from a single cell is measured by total internal reflection microscopy as it is bound to micro-printed antibody spots within the device. The platform was tested using GFP transfected cells and the relative precision of the measurement method was determined to be 88%. Single cell measurements were also made on a breast cancer cell line to measure the relative levels of unlabelled human tumour suppressor protein p53 using a chip incorporating an antibody sandwich assay format. These results suggest that this is a viable method for measuring relative protein levels in single cells.
  • Journal article
    Brooks NJ, Ces O, Templer RH, Seddon JMet al., 2011,

    Pressure effects on lipid membrane structure and dynamics

    , CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF LIPIDS, Vol: 164, Pages: 89-98, ISSN: 0009-3084
  • Journal article
    Tyler AII, Shearman GC, Brooks NJ, Delacroix H, Law RV, Templer RH, Ces O, Seddon JMet al., 2011,

    Hydrostatic pressure effects on a hydrated lipid inverse micellar Fd3m cubic phase

    , PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS, Vol: 13, Pages: 3033-3038, ISSN: 1463-9076
  • Journal article
    Shearman GC, Brooks NJ, Tiddy GJT, Sztucki M, Templer RH, Law RV, Ces O, Seddon JMet al., 2011,

    A lyotropic inverse ribbon phase in a branched-chain polyoxyethylene surfactant: pressure effects

    , SOFT MATTER, Vol: 7, Pages: 4386-4390, ISSN: 1744-683X
  • Journal article
    Richardson RM, Hanna S, Brooks NJ, Gauthe BLLE, Pizzey C, Agina E, Boiko N, Shibaev VPet al., 2011,

    Columnar Phases in Liquid Crystal Dendrimers: Variable Pressure X-Ray Diffraction

    , MOLECULAR CRYSTALS AND LIQUID CRYSTALS, Vol: 541, Pages: 415-425, ISSN: 1542-1406
  • Journal article
    Child C, Long N, Ces O, Barletta J, Passchier J, Templer R, Gee Aet al., 2011,

    Investigating non-specific binding using a cell assay and LC/MS

    , JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, Vol: 54, Pages: S124-S124, ISSN: 0362-4803
  • Journal article
    Macey R, Ces O, Gee A, Long Net al., 2011,

    Predicting and measuring the in vitro non-specific binding of a series of drug analogues

    , JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS, Vol: 54, Pages: S126-S126, ISSN: 0362-4803
  • Conference paper
    Richardson R, Hanna S, Brooks NJ, Gauthe B, Pizzey C, Agina E, Boiko N, Shibaev Vet al., 2011,

    Columnar phases in liquid crystal dendrimers: Variable pressure X-ray diffraction

    , International Liquid Crystals Conference
  • Journal article
    Brooks NJ, Hamid HAA, Hashim R, Heidelberg T, Seddon JM, Conn CE, Husseini SMM, Zahid NI, Hussen RSDet al., 2011,

    Thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystalline phases of Guerbet branched-chain β-D-glucosides

    , Liquid Crystals, Vol: 38, Pages: 1725-1734

    The effect of chain branching on glycolipid thermotropic and lyotropic phases was investigated for a series ofsynthetic β-D-glucosides derived from Guerbet alcohols, whose total hydrocarbon chain length ranged from C8 toC24. The compounds, which can be viewed as isosteric mimics for glycoglycerolipids, were synthesised in high purityand their liquid crystalline phases were studied using optical polarising microscopy (OPM), and small-angle X-raydiffraction.When dry, the shortest compound (total C8) exhibits a monotropic Lα phase while longer ones (C16 andC20) adopt inverse hexagonal HII phases. The C24 compound forms an ordered lamellar phase at room temperature,but exhibits a metastable HII phase upon cooling. Curiously the intermediate chain length homologue (C12) adoptsan isotropic inverse micellar (L2) phase in the dry state over the range of temperatures studied. Upon hydration,the C8 compound dissolves, and the C12 compound forms a fluid lamellar Lα phase. The C16 Guerbet glucoside (i.e.β-Glc-C10C6) exhibits an inverse bicontinuous cubic phase of space group Ia3d in excess water, never previouslyobserved in branched-chain lipids, and very seldom observed in excess water. The C20 compound remains in theHII phase upon hydrating, with the lattice parameter swelling substantially.

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