Prof Alexander Bismarck

Wong LLC, Villafranca PMB, Menner A, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Hierarchical Polymerized High Internal Phase Emulsions Synthesized from Surfactant-Stabilized Emulsion Templates, LANGMUIR, Vol: 29, Pages: 5952-5961, ISSN: 0743-7463

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• Citations: 57

Anthony D, 2013, Improved synthesis of carbon nanotube grafted carbon fibre: Towards continuous production

Grafting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) onto reinforcing fibre surfaces has been shown to improve composite structural performance, through improved interfacial bonding of the matrix and reinforcement. Sourcing a suitable amount of CNT-grafted fibre has currently limited test coupons geometry and development in the area. The scale-up of current synthesis procedures for grafting CNTs onto carbon fibre (CF) surfaces, using low intensity processing techniques (minimal processing of fibre substrate) compatible with industrial practices has not yet been reported. CNT growth from CF surface (CNT-g-CF) without damaging the mechanical parent fibre properties is a challenge as chemical vapour deposition (CVD) CNT growth typically results in catalyst pitting and surface defects occurring. In this thesis I attempt to address concerns detailed above; through the development of a catalyst system which is easily deposited onto CF, uses a CVD CNT-synthesis method which does not damage the original fibre properties in a potentially continuous scalable manner. I present a simple incipient wetness technique for loading a bi-catalyst precursor mixture onto CF. CF pre-deposited with bi-catalyst precursor under the application of an electric field, using CF as an electrode, in-situ during conventional thermal-CVD demonstrated significant promotion of CNT-synthesis directly from the CF surface. Electric field applied during CVD CNT-synthesis produces CNT-g-CF without apparent mechanical degradation to the parent fibre retaining original mechanical properties. When CVD CNT-synthesis is undertaken without the application of an electric field, degradation of original mechanical properties are witnessed. Batch CVD process was adapted, in an attempt to demonstrate the feasibility of continuous production of CNT-g-CF in a bespoke continuous CVD set-up. Alternative routes for CNT-g-CF including a novel silicon oxide based CNT-synthesis are also discussed.

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Wong LLC, Menner A, Bismarck A, 2013, Creating highly porous gradient polymer nanocomposites by layering emulsion eemplates, 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727

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Qian H, Diao H, Shirshova N, Greenhalgh ES, Steinke JGH, Shaffer MSP, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Activation of structural carbon fibres for potential applications in multifunctional structural supercapacitors, JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE, Vol: 395, Pages: 241-248, ISSN: 0021-9797

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• Citations: 72

Seydibeyoglu MO, Misra M, Mohanty A, Blaker JJ, Lee K-Y, Bismarck A, Kazemizadeh Met al., 2013, Green polyurethane nanocomposites from soy polyol and bacterial cellulose, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, Vol: 48, Pages: 2167-2175, ISSN: 0022-2461

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• Citations: 43

Qian H, Kucernak AR, Greenhalgh ES, Bismarck A, Shaffer MSPet al., 2013, Multifunctional structural power composites based on carbon aerogel modified high performance carbon fibre fabrics, Pages: 2238-2243

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• Citations: 6

Diao H, Robinson P, Wisnom MR, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, The effect of gas texturing technology on the tensile behaviour of unidirectional (UD) carbon fibre (CF) reinforced polyamide-12(PA-12) composite, Pages: 2469-2476

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• Citations: 1

Robinson P, Maples H, Gaite O, Smith S, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites with variable stiffness for use in morphing aerostructures, Pages: 270-277

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• Citations: 4

Blaker JJ, Nagel U, Bismarck A, 2013, Aligned discontinuous carbon fibres in thermoplastic matrices via extrusion of UD tape, Pages: 329-336

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• Citations: 1

Leijonmarck S, Carlson T, Kjell MH, Asp LE, Lindbergh G, Maples H, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Coated carbon fibre battery half-cells for structural battery composites, Pages: 5342-5343

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• Citations: 1

Herceg TM, Zainol Abidin MS, Delfour C, Greenhalgh ES, Bismarck A, Shaffer MSPet al., 2013, Scalable production of epoxy based nanocomposites and hierarchical composites with high cnt loadings, Pages: 1714-1723

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Shamsuddin SR, Lee KY, Bismarck A, 2013, Hierarchical regenerated cellulose fibre reinforced polyhydroxybutarate, Pages: 2499-2505

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Greenhalgh ES, Ankersen J, Asp LE, Bismarck A, Fontana QPV, Houlle M, Kalinka G, Kucernak A, Mistry M, Nguyen S, Qian H, Shaffer MSP, Shirshova N, Steinke JHG, Wienrich Met al., 2013, Mechanical and microstructural characterisation of multifunctional structural power composites, Pages: 2228-2237

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• Citations: 1

Maples H, Tridech C, Robinson P, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Development of carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composites with controllable stiffness, Pages: 3104-3112

High performance carbon fibre einforced composites with controllable stiffness could be used in applications such as morphing wings. These morphing aerostructures could improve the efficiency of aircraft by lowering drag and reducing weight. A significant challenge in the field of morphing aerostructures is the development of a stiff skin material that can transfer aerodynamic loads but that can be easily deformed when a shape change is required. Here we describe two designs of carbon fibre reinforced epoxy composite with controllable stiffness that could be used as skin materials in morphing wings. When the composites are heated to elevated temperatures they can undergo reductions in flexural stiffness of up to 98 % and fully recover when cooled to room temperature. Controllable stiffness materials may also find applications in deployable and collapsible structures.

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Lee KY, Montrikittiphant T, Tang M, Williams CK, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Carbohydrate derived co-poly(lactide) as compatibiliser for bacterial cellulose reinforced polylactide nanocomposites, Pages: 2842-2843

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Shirshova N, Bismarck A, Carreyette S, Greenhalgh ES, Johansson P, Marczewski MJ, Jacobsson P, Kalinka G, Shaffer MSP, Wienrich M, Steinke JHGet al., 2013, Correlations between mechanical properties and ionic conduction of structural electrolytes with bicontinuous morphologies, Pages: 72-79

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• Citations: 3

Lee K-Y, Qian H, Tay FH, Blaker JJ, Kazarian SG, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Bacterial cellulose as source for activated nanosized carbon for electric double layer capacitors, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, Vol: 48, Pages: 367-376, ISSN: 0022-2461

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• Citations: 44

Shirshova N, Bismarck A, Carreyette S, Fontana QPV, Greenhalgh ES, Jacobsson P, Johansson P, Marczewski MJ, Kalinka G, Kucernak ARJ, Scheers J, Shaffer MSP, Steinke JHG, Wienrich Met al., 2013, Structural supercapacitor electrolytes based on bicontinuous ionic liquid-epoxy resin systems, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, Vol: 1, Pages: 15300-15309, ISSN: 2050-7488

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• Citations: 118

Zhou S, Bismarck A, Steinke JHG, 2013, Ion-responsive alginate based macroporous injectable hydrogel scaffolds prepared by emulsion templating, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY B, Vol: 1, Pages: 4736-4745, ISSN: 2050-750X

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• Citations: 73

Shirshova N, Johansson P, Marczewski MJ, Kot E, Ensling D, Bismarck A, Steinke JHGet al., 2013, Polymerised high internal phase ionic liquid-in-oil emulsions as potential separators for lithium ion batteries, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A, Vol: 1, Pages: 9612-9619, ISSN: 2050-7488

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• Citations: 52

Shirshova N, Qian H, Shaffer MSP, Steinke JHG, Greenhalgh ES, Curtis PT, Kucernak A, Bismarck Aet al., 2013, Structural composite supercapacitors, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol: 46, Pages: 96-107, ISSN: 1359-835X

This paper presents the development of multifunctional materials that perform a structural role whilst simultaneously storing electrical energy as a supercapacitor. Two structural carbon fibre woven electrodeswere separated by a woven glass fibre layer, and infused with a multifunctional polymer electrolyte. Following characterisation of electrochemical and compressive performance, working structural supercapacitor prototypes were demonstrated. Since the relative mechanical and electrical demands are application specific, an optimisation methodology is proposed. Multifunctional composites were achieved, which had compressive moduli of up to 39 GPa and capacitances of up to 52 mF g 1.

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Bismarck A, 2012, Editorial corner - a personal view Hype about High Internal Phase Emulsion templating: Adding particles makes all the difference, EXPRESS POLYMER LETTERS, Vol: 6, Pages: 953-953, ISSN: 1788-618X

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Quero F, Eichhorn SJ, Nogi M, Yano H, Lee K-Y, Bismarck Aet al., 2012, Interfaces in Cross-Linked and Grafted Bacterial Cellulose/Poly(Lactic Acid) Resin Composites, JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT, Vol: 20, Pages: 916-925, ISSN: 1566-2543

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• Citations: 41

Zhou S, Bismarck A, Steinke JHG, 2012, Thermoresponsive Macroporous Scaffolds Prepared by Emulsion Templating, MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 33, Pages: 1833-1839, ISSN: 1022-1336

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• Citations: 21

Zhao J, Ho KKC, Shamsuddin S-R, Bismarck A, Dutschk Vet al., 2012, A comparative study of fibre/matrix interface in glass fibre reinforced polyvinylidene fluoride composites, 25th Meeting of the European-Colloid-and-Interface-Society (ECIS), Publisher: ELSEVIER, Pages: 58-64, ISSN: 0927-7757

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• Citations: 10

Lee K-Y, Bharadia P, Blaker JJ, Bismarck Aet al., 2012, Short sisal fibre reinforced bacterial cellulose polylactide nanocomposites using hairy sisal fibres as reinforcement, COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING, Vol: 43, Pages: 2065-2074, ISSN: 1359-835X

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• Citations: 55

Chatrchyan S, Khachatryan V, Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Aguilo E, Bergauer T, Dragicevic M, Eroe J, Fabjan C, Friedl M, Fruehwirth R, Ghete VM, Hammer J, Hoermann N, Hrubec J, Jeitler M, Kiesenhofer W, Knuenz V, Krammer M, Kraetschmer I, Liko D, Mikulec I, Pernicka M, Rahbaran B, Rohringer C, Rohringer H, Schoefbeck R, Strauss J, Taurok A, Waltenberger W, Walzel G, Widl E, Wulz C-E, Mossolov V, Shumeiko N, Gonzalez JS, Bansal M, Bansal S, Cornelis T, De Wolf EA, Janssen X, Luyckx S, Mucibello L, Ochesanu S, Roland B, Rougny R, Selvaggi M, Staykova Z, Van Haevermaet H, Van Mechelen P, Van Remortel N, Van Spilbeeck A, Blekman F, Blyweert S, D'Hondt J, Suarez RG, Kalogeropoulos A, Maes M, Olbrechts A, Van Doninck W, Van Mulders P, Van Onsem GP, Villella I, Clerbaux B, De Lentdecker G, Dero V, Gay APR, Hreus T, Leonard A, Marage PE, Reis T, Thomas L, Vander Marcken G, Vander Velde C, Vanlaer R, Wang J, Adler V, Beernaert K, Cimmino A, Costantini S, Garcia G, Grunewald M, Klein B, Lellouch J, Marinov A, Mccartin J, Rios AAO, Ryckbosch D, Strobbe N, Thyssen F, Tytgat M, Verwilligen P, Walsh S, Yazgan E, Zaganidis N, Basegmez S, Bruno G, Castello R, Ceard L, Delaere C, du Pree T, Favart D, Forthomme L, Giammanco A, Hollar J, Lemaitre V, Liao J, Militaru O, Nuttens C, Pagano D, Pin A, Piotrzkowski K, Schul N, Garcia JMV, Beliy N, Caebergs T, Daubie E, Hammad GH, Alves GA, Correa Martins Junior M, De Jesus Damiao D, Martins T, Pol ME, Souza MHG, Alda Junior WL, Carvalho W, Custodio A, Da Costa EM, De Oliveira Martins C, Fonseca De Souza S, Matos Figueiredo D, Mundim L, Nogima H, Oguri V, Prado Da Silva WL, Santoro A, Soares Jorge L, Sznajder A, Anjos TS, Bernardes CA, Dias FA, Fernandez Perez Tomei TR, Gregores EM, Lagana C, Marinho F, Mercadante PG, Novaes SF, Padula SS, Genchev V, Iaydjiev P, Piperov S, Rodozov M, Stoykova S, Sultanov G, Tcholakov V, Trayanov R, Vutova M, Dimitrov A, Hadjiiska R, Kozhuharov V, Litov L, Pavlov B, Petkov P, Bian JG, Chen GM, Chen HS Jet al., 2012, Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos in μ<SUP>±</SUP>μ<SUP>±</SUP> + jets and e<SUP>±</SUP>e<SUP>±</SUP> + jets events in pp collisions at √<i>s</i>=7 TeV, PHYSICS LETTERS B, Vol: 717, Pages: 109-128, ISSN: 0370-2693

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• Citations: 61

Lee K, Tang M, Williams CK, Bismarck Aet al., 2012, Carbohydrate derived copoly(lactide) as the compatibilizer for bacterial cellulose reinforced polylactide nanocomposites, Composites Science and Technology, Vol: 72, Pages: 1646-1650, ISSN: 0266-3538

A novel, entirely bio-derived polylactide carbohydrate copolymer (RP1) is used as a compatibilizer, to produce bacterial cellulose (BC) poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties. Contact angle measurements of RP1 droplets on single BC nanofibres proved that it has a higher affinity towards BC than PLLA. RP1 has a comparable Young’s modulus, but lower tensile strength, than PLLA. When RP1 was blended with PLLA at a concentration of 5 wt%, the tensile modulus and strength of the resulting polymer blend decreased from 4.08 GPa and 63.1, respectively, for PLLA to 3.75 GPa and 56.1 MPa. A composite of BC and PLLA (with 5 wt% RP1 and 5 wt% BC) has a higher Young’s modulus and tensile strength, compared to either pure PLLA or PLLA–BC nanocomposites.

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Kot E, Saini RK, Norman LR, Bismarck Aet al., 2012, Novel Drag-Reducing Agents for Fracturing Treatments Based on Polyacrylamide Containing Weak Labile Links in the Polymer Backbone, SPE JOURNAL, Vol: 17, Pages: 924-930, ISSN: 1086-055X

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• Citations: 12

Menzel R, Bismarck A, Shaffer MSP, 2012, Deconvolution of the structural and chemical surface properties of carbon nanotubes by inverse gas chromatography, CARBON, Vol: 50, Pages: 3416-3421, ISSN: 0008-6223

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• Citations: 22