Publications
548 results found
Bismarck A, Burgstaller C, Lee KY, et al., 2012, Recent Progress in Natural Fibre Composites: Selected Papers from the 3rd International Conference on Innovative Natural Fibre Composites for Industrial Applications, Ecocomp 2011 and BEPS 2011, JOURNAL OF BIOBASED MATERIALS AND BIOENERGY, Vol: 6, Pages: 343-345, ISSN: 1556-6560
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- Citations: 5
Lee K-Y, Tammelin T, Schulfter K, et al., 2012, High Performance Cellulose Nanocomposites: Comparing the Reinforcing Ability of Bacterial Cellulose and Nanofibrillated Cellulose, ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES, Vol: 4, Pages: 4078-4086, ISSN: 1944-8244
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- Citations: 180
Mortera-Blanco T, Rende M, Macedo H, et al., 2012, Ex vivo mimicry of normal and abnormal human hematopoiesis., Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE
Hematopoietic stem cells require a unique microenvironment in order to sustain blood cell formation; the bone marrow (BM) is a complex three-dimensional (3D) tissue wherein hematopoiesis is regulated by spatially organized cellular microenvironments termed niches. The organization of the BM niches is critical for the function or dysfunction of normal or malignant BM(5). Therefore a better understanding of the in vivo microenvironment using an ex vivo mimicry would help us elucidate the molecular, cellular and microenvironmental determinants of leukemogenesis. Currently, hematopoietic cells are cultured in vitro in two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture flasks/well-plates requiring either co-culture with allogenic or xenogenic stromal cells or addition of exogenous cytokines. These conditions are artificial and differ from the in vivo microenvironment in that they lack the 3D cellular niches and expose the cells to abnormally high cytokine concentrations which can result in differentiation and loss of pluripotency. Herein, we present a novel 3D bone marrow culture system that simulates the in vivo 3D growth environment and supports multilineage hematopoiesis in the absence of exogenous growth factors. The highly porous scaffold used in this system made of polyurethane (PU), facilitates high-density cell growth across a higher specific surface area than the conventional monolayer culture in 2D. Our work has indicated that this model supported the growth of human cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNC) and primary leukemic cells in the absence of exogenous cytokines. This novel 3D mimicry provides a viable platform for the development of a human experimental model to study hematopoiesis and to explore novel treatments for leukemia.
Lee K-Y, Ho KKC, Schlufter K, et al., 2012, Hierarchical composites reinforced with robust short sisal fibre preforms utilising bacterial cellulose as binder, Composites Science and Technology, Vol: 72, Pages: 1479-1486, ISSN: 0266-3538
A novel robust non-woven sisal fibre preform was manufactured using a papermaking process utilising nanosized bacterial cellulose (BC) as binder for the sisal fibres. It was found that BC provides significant mechanical strength to the sisal fibre preforms. This can be attributed to the high stiffness and strength of the BC network. Truly green non-woven fibre preform reinforced hierarchical composites were prepared by infusing the fibre preforms with acrylated epoxidised soybean oil (AESO) using vacuum assisted resin infusion, followed by thermal curing. Both the tensile and flexural properties of the hierarchical composites showed significant improvements over polyAESO and neat sisal fibre preform reinforced polyAESO. These results were corroborated by the thermo-mechanical behaviour of the (hierarchical) composites, which showed an increased storage modulus and enhanced fibre–matrix stress transfer. Micromechanical modelling was also performed on the (hierarchical) composites. By using BC as binder for short sisal fibres, added benefits such as the high Young’s modulus of BC, enhanced fibre–fibre and fibre–matrix stress transfer can be utilised in the resulting hierarchical composites.
Lee K-Y, Bismarck A, 2012, Susceptibility of never-dried and freeze-dried bacterial cellulose towards esterification with organic acid, CELLULOSE, Vol: 19, Pages: 891-900, ISSN: 0969-0239
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- Citations: 47
Shamsuddin SR, Chee Ho KK, Lee KY, et al., 2012, Carbon fiber: properties, testing and analysis, Wiley Encyclopedia of Composites, 5 Volume Set, Editors: Nicolais, Borzacchiello, Lee, Publisher: Wiley, ISBN: 9780470128282
Shamsuddin S-R, Ho KKC, Lee K-Y, et al., 2012, Carbon fibres: Properties, testing and analysis, Wiley Encyclopedia of Composites, 5 Volume Set, Editors: Nicolais, Borzacchiello, Lee, Publisher: Wiley, ISBN: 9780470128282
Written by prominent international experts from industry and academia, the Wiley Encyclopedia of Composites, Second Edition presents over 260 new and revised articles addressing the new technological advances in properties, processing, ...
Lee K-Y, Bharadia P, Bismarck A, 2012, Nanocellulose surface coated support material, US9193130
Mortera-Blanco T, Rende M, Macedo H, et al., 2012, <i>Ex vivo</i> Mimicry of Normal and Abnormal Human Hematopoiesis, JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS, ISSN: 1940-087X
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- Citations: 3
Shirshova N, Bismarck A, 2012, In-situ preparation of polymer scaffolds in retarded cement slurries: An emulsion templating approach for rapid, on-demand strength development, CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES, Vol: 34, Pages: 337-341, ISSN: 0958-9465
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- Citations: 5
Zadrazil I, Bismarck A, Hewitt GF, et al., 2012, Shear Layers in the Turbulent Pipe Flow of Drag Reducing Polymer Solutions, Chemical Engineering Science, Vol: 72, Pages: 142-154
A range of high molecular weight polymers (polyethylene oxide) was dissolved at very low concentrations – in the order of few wppm – in a solvent (water). The Newtonian character of the polymer solutions was confirmed by rheological measurements. The polymer solutions were then pumped through a long horizontal pipe section in fully developed turbulent conditions. The flow experienced a reduction in frictional drag when compared to the drag experienced by the equivalent flow of the pure solvent. Specifically, drag reduction was measured at Reynolds numbers ranging from 3.5×10^4 to 2.1×10^5 in a pressure driven flow facility with a circular tube section of internal diameter 25.3 mm. The turbulent flow was visualized by Particle Image Velocimetry and the resulting data were used to investigate the effect of the drag reducing additives on the turbulent pipe flow. Close attention was paid to the mean and instantaneous velocity fields, as well as the two-dimensional vorticity and streamwise shear strain rate. The results indicate that drag reduction is accompanied by the appearance of “shear layers” (i.e. thin filament-like regions of high spatial velocity gradients) that act as interfaces separating low-momentum flow regions near the pipe wall and high-momentum flow regions closer to the centerline. The shear layers are not stationary. They are continuously formed close to the wall at a random frequency and move towards the pipe centerline until they eventually disappear, thus occupying or existing within a “shear layer region”. It is found that the mean thickness of the shear layer region is correlated with the measured level of drag reduction. The shear layer region thickness is increased by the presence of polymer additives when compared to the pure solvent, in a similar way to the thickening of the buffer layer. The results provide valuable insights into the characteristics of the turbulent pipe flow of a solvent contai
Ege D, Lee K, Bismarck A, et al., 2012, Evaluation of the degradation properties of carbonate substituted hydroxyapatite-poly(ε-caprolactone) composites, Key Engineering Materials, Vol: 493-494, Pages: 120-125, ISSN: 1013-9826
The aim of this work is to produce and characterise carbonate substituted hydroxyapatite (CHA) reinforced polycaprolactone (PCL) nanocomposites with a controlled degradation rate in order to match the rate of bone in-growth. The ideal degradation time for this purpose is estimated to be around 5-6 months however, in vivo, PCL degrades over a period of 2 to 3 years. It has been reported that NaOH surface treatment can accelerate the degradation of PCL [1-3]. In order to further modify the degradation rate of PCL, the effects of the incorporation of different volume fractions of CHA in samples surface treated with NaOH was investigated. CHA was produced by wet chemical synthesis. Samples comprising 8, 19, 25 wt% uncalcined CHA-PCL composites were produced by twin screw extrusion which were then injection moulded into cylinders. In order to accelerate the degradation rate of PCL, it was surface treated with 5 M NaOH for 3 days prior to PBS studies. The degradation profile was examined by % weight loss and % water uptake measurements. NaOH treatment was observed to erode the polymer surface and the polymer-filler interface. On subsequently degrading the pre-treated samples in PBS, it was observed that with increasing fraction of CHA, the degradation rate in PBS of the sample increased. Up to 8 wt % CHA filler there appeared to be little change in the degradation properties of the NaOH treated samples with the onset occurring after 60 days. However there was a marked acceleration of degradation for samples containing 19 wt% when degradation appeared to occur immediately. In conclusion, the addition of CHA significantly affects the behaviour of PCL. © (2012) Trans Tech Publications.
Zhou S, Bismarck A, Steinke JHG, 2012, Interconnected macroporous glycidyl methacrylate-grafted dextran hydrogels synthesised from hydroxyapatite nanoparticle stabilised high internal phase emulsion templates, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY, Vol: 22, Pages: 18824-18829, ISSN: 0959-9428
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- Citations: 75
Shamsuddin S-R, Ho KKC, Ng P, et al., 2011, Synergy of matrix and fibre modification on adhesion between carbon fibres and poly(vinylidene fluoride), COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 72, Pages: 56-64, ISSN: 0266-3538
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- Citations: 9
Shirshova N, Bismarck A, Steinke JHG, 2011, Ionic Liquids as Internal Phase for Non-Aqueous PolyHIPEs, MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 32, Pages: 1899-1904, ISSN: 1022-1336
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- Citations: 25
Zhou S, Bismarck A, Steinke JHG, 2011, Hydroxyapatite pickering polyHIPEs and "thermo"HIPEs as injectable scaffolds for tissue engineering, Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, Vol: 1376, Pages: 1-6, ISSN: 0272-9172
Two types of porous materials derived from emulsion templates are described as potential scaffolds for tissue engineering. Novel oil-in-water particle stabilised, Pickering High Internal Phase Emulsions (HIPE) stabilised with hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles were prepared and polymerised to form stable polyHIPEs. By adding a water soluble glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) derivatised dextran as monomer to the continuous aqueous phase of the HIPEs, these Pickering-HIPEs stabilised by nontoxic biocompatible HAp nanoparticles, can be used as templates to manufacture interconnected high porosity macroporous hydrogels. A second type of emulsion templated "poly"HIPE was prepared without the need for covalent crosslinking chemistry which was replaced by a thermally-induced non-covalent scaffold forming process (thermoHIPE). These scaffolds form close to body temperature and potentially offer a new approach to the formation of injectable scaffolds for tissue engineering. © 2012 Materials Research Society.
Mortera-Blanco T, Mantalaris A, Bismarck A, et al., 2011, Long-term cytokine-free expansion of cord blood mononuclear cells in three-dimensional scaffolds, BIOMATERIALS, Vol: 32, Pages: 9263-9270, ISSN: 0142-9612
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- Citations: 61
Georgiadis A, Maitland G, Trusler JPM, et al., 2011, Interfacial Tension Measurements of the (H<sub>2</sub>O + <i>n</i>-Decane + CO<sub>2</sub>) Ternary System at Elevated Pressures and Temperatures, JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA, Vol: 56, Pages: 4900-4908, ISSN: 0021-9568
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- Citations: 72
Vilchez A, Rodriguez-Abreu C, Esquena J, et al., 2011, Macroporous Polymers Obtained in Highly Concentrated Emulsions Stabilized Solely with Magnetic Nanoparticles, LANGMUIR, Vol: 27, Pages: 13342-13352, ISSN: 0743-7463
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- Citations: 72
Wong LLC, Ikem VO, Menner A, et al., 2011, Macroporous Polymers with Hierarchical Pore Structure from Emulsion Templates Stabilised by Both Particles and Surfactants, MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 32, Pages: 1563-1568, ISSN: 1022-1336
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- Citations: 85
Sairam M, Sereewatthanawut E, Li K, et al., 2011, Method for the preparation of cellulose acetate flat sheet composite membranes for forward osmosis-Desalination using MgSO<sub>4</sub> draw solution, DESALINATION, Vol: 273, Pages: 299-307, ISSN: 0011-9164
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- Citations: 81
Lee K-Y, Quero F, Blaker JJ, et al., 2011, Surface only modification of bacterial cellulose nanofibres with organic acids, CELLULOSE, Vol: 18, Pages: 595-605, ISSN: 0969-0239
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- Citations: 159
Ho KKC, Shamsuddin S-R, Laffan M, et al., 2011, Unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced poly (vinylidene fluoride): Impact of atmospheric plasma on composite performance, COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING, Vol: 42, Pages: 453-461, ISSN: 1359-835X
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- Citations: 9
Shirshova N, Menner A, Funkhouser GP, et al., 2011, Polymerised high internal phase emulsion cement hybrids: Macroporous polymer scaffolds for setting cements, CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH, Vol: 41, Pages: 443-450, ISSN: 0008-8846
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- Citations: 25
Ho KKC, Shamsuddin S-R, Riaz S, et al., 2011, Wet impregnation as route to unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites manufacturing, PLASTICS RUBBER AND COMPOSITES, Vol: 40, Pages: 100-107, ISSN: 1465-8011
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- Citations: 27
Blaker JJ, Lee K-Y, Bismarck A, 2011, Hierarchical Composites Made Entirely from Renewable Resources, JOURNAL OF BIOBASED MATERIALS AND BIOENERGY, Vol: 5, Pages: 1-16, ISSN: 1556-6560
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- Citations: 59
Lee K-Y, Bismarck A, 2011, Assessing the moisture uptake behaviour of natural fibres, Interface Engineering of Natural Fibre Composites for Maximum Performance, Editors: Zafeiropoulos, Publisher: Elsevier, ISBN: 9780857092281
One of the major reasons for composite failure is a breakdown of the bond between the reinforcement fibres and the matrix. When this happens, the composite loses strength and fails.
Fainleib A, Grigoryeva O, Youssef B, et al., 2011, Modification of polycyanurate network by reactive rubbers with hydrazide, acylhydrazone and isocyanate terminal groups, Pages: 321-352
First, chemical interactions between hydrazide, acylhydrazone and isocyanate groups from one side with cyanate groups from other side have been studied using methods of FTIR spectroscopy and NMR 1H analysis. The formation of the substituted cyanurate (triazine) cycles has been found. These results were confirmed on polymer systems at modification of polycyanurate network (PCN) by reactive rubbers, possessing the above mentioned functional groups, where the chemical reactions found led to incorporation of the rubbers into the PCN network. The partial chemical incorporation of the rubber modifiers' fragments into the PCN network structure has been found. The structure of the final hybrid networks was found to be depended on reactivity of the rubber modifier's functional groups toward cyanate groups and the modifier content in the system. It has been established that the unreacted part of the modifier forms the own separated microphase. The most pronounced two phase structure has been observed for OIDAH rubber with the lowest reactivity towards cyanate groups of the growing PCN network. © 2010 Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Quero F, Nogi M, Lee K-Y, et al., 2011, Cross-Linked Bacterial Cellulose Networks Using Glyoxalization, ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES, Vol: 3, Pages: 490-499, ISSN: 1944-8244
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- Citations: 46
Bajomo M, Robb I, Steinke JHG, et al., 2011, Fully Reversible pH-Triggered Network Formation of Amphoteric Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels, ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Vol: 21, Pages: 172-176, ISSN: 1616-301X
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- Citations: 10
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