Publications
358 results found
Amadi HO, Emery RJ, Wallace A, et al., 2014, Specificity of clinical examinations for testing glenohumeral ligament integrity: a computational study, Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Vol: 17, Pages: 933-943, ISSN: 1025-5842
An accurate diagnosis of glenohumeral joint (GHJ) instability is essential for an effective surgical intervention. There is presently no known comprehensive algorithm of clinical tests for the confirmation of the functional integrity of glenohumeral ligaments (GHLs). A validated computational GHL strain analyser was applied to a set of GHJ kinematics data from the literature to simulate 57 different physiological clinical examination manoeuvres. An algorithm that integrates the GHL pre-straining activities at the toe region of the stress–strain curve was developed for the quantification of ligament loading from prevailing strains. This was used to upgrade the strain analyser and applied to produce a matrix of the various GHL loadings and sensitivities during the manoeuvres. The investigation magnified the likely impact of anatomical variations of GHL attachments as possible causes of misdiagnoses during clinical examinations of GHJ dysfunction. This can serve as an assistive guide to ascertain the functional condition of a specific GHL during symptomatic clinical examinations.
Singleton JAG, Walker NM, Gibb IE, et al., 2014, Case suitability for definitive through knee amputation following lower extremity blast trauma: analysis of 146 combat casualties, 2008-2010, JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ARMY MEDICAL CORPS, Vol: 160, Pages: 187-190, ISSN: 0035-8665
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- Citations: 1
Singleton JAG, Gibb IE, Bull AMJ, et al., 2014, Blast-mediated traumatic amputation: evidence for a revised, multiple injury mechanism theory, JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ARMY MEDICAL CORPS, Vol: 160, Pages: 175-179, ISSN: 0035-8665
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- Citations: 9
Zang KY, Kedgley AE, Donoghue CD, et al., 2014, MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF LATERAL MENISCUS USING STATISTICAL SHAPE MODELLING: A STUDY USING DATA FROM THE OSTEOARTHRITIS INITIATIVE, World Congress of the Osteoarthritis-Research-Society-International (OARSI)
Gupte CM, Schaerf DA, Sandison A, et al., 2014, Neural Structures within Human Meniscofemoral Ligaments: A Cadaveric Study., ISRN Anatomy, Vol: 2014, ISSN: 2314-4726
Aim. To investigate the existence of neural structures within the meniscofemoral ligaments (MFLs) of the human knee. Methods. The MFLs from 8 human cadaveric knees were harvested. 5 μm sections were H&E-stained and examined under light microscopy. The harvested ligaments were then stained using an S100 monoclonal antibody utilising the ABC technique to detect neural components. Further examination was performed on 60–80 nm sections under electron microscopy. Results. Of the 8 knees, 6 were suitable for examination. From these both MFLs existed in 3, only anterior MFLs were present in 2, and an isolated posterior MFL existed in 1. Out of the 9 MFLs, 4 demonstrated neural structures on light and electron microscopy and this was confirmed with S100 staining. The ultrastructure of these neural components was morphologically similar to mechanoreceptors. Conclusion. Neural structures are present in MFLs near to their meniscal attachments. It is likely that the meniscofemoral ligaments contribute not only as passive secondary restraints to posterior draw but more importantly to proprioception and may therefore play an active role in providing a neurosensory feedback loop. This may be particularly important when the primary restraint has reduced function as in the posterior cruciate ligament—deficient human knee.
Stoddard JE, Deehan DJ, Bull AMJ, et al., 2014, No difference in patellar tracking between symmetrical and asymmetrical femoral component designs in TKA, KNEE SURGERY SPORTS TRAUMATOLOGY ARTHROSCOPY, Vol: 22, Pages: 534-542, ISSN: 0942-2056
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- Citations: 14
Zhang KY, Kedgley AE, Donoghue CR, et al., 2014, The relationship between lateral meniscus shape and joint contact parameters in the knee: a study using data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, Arthritis Research and Therapy, Vol: 16, Pages: 1-9, ISSN: 1478-6354
IntroductionThe meniscus has an important role in force transmission across the knee, but a detailed three-dimensional (3D) morphometric shape analysis of the lateral meniscus to elucidate subject-specific function has not been conducted. The aim of this study was to perform 3D morphometric analyses of the lateral meniscus in order to correlate shape variables with anthropometric parameters, thereby gaining a better understanding of the relationship between lateral meniscus shape and its load-bearing function.MethodsThe lateral meniscus (LM) was manually segmented from magnetic resonance images randomly selected from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) non-exposed control subcohort. A 3D statistical shape model (SSM) was constructed to extract the principal morphological variations (PMV) of the lateral meniscus for 50 subjects (25 male and 25 female). Correlations between the principal morphological variations and anthropometric parameters were tested. Anthropometric parameters that were selected included height, weight, body mass index (BMI), femoral condyle width and axial rotation.ResultsThe first principal morphological variation (PMV) was found to correlate with height (r = 0.569), weight (r = 0.647), BMI (r = 0.376), and femoral condyle width (r = 0.622). The third PMV was found to correlate with height (r = 0.406), weight (r = 0.312), and femoral condyle width (r = 0.331). The percentage of the tibial plateau covered by the lateral meniscus decreases as anthropometric parameters relating to size of the subject increase. Furthermore, when the size of the subject increases, the posterior and anterior horns become proportionally longer and wider.ConclusionThe correlations discovered suggest that variations in meniscal shape can be at least partially explained by the levels of loads transmitted across the knee on a regular basis. Additionally, as the size of the subj
Buckeridge EM, Bull AMJ, Mcgregor AH, 2014, Foot force production and asymmetries in elite rowers, SPORTS BIOMECHANICS, Vol: 13, Pages: 47-61, ISSN: 1476-3141
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- Citations: 24
Grigoriadis G, Newell N, Masouros SD, et al., 2014, The material properties of the human heel fat pad across strain-rates: An inverse finite element approach, Pages: 478-479
Karunaratne A, Bull AMJ, 2014, The structure-function relationships of human cortical bone are strain rate dependent: Insight from synchrotron X-ray imaging combined with micromechanical testing, Pages: 410-411
Modenese L, Phillips ATM, Bull AMJ, 2014, Letter to the Editor: In Response to ‘‘Consistency Among Musculoskeletal Models: Caveat Utilitor’’, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, ISSN: 1573-9686
Donoghue CR, Rao A, Bull AMJ, et al., 2014, LEARNING OSTEOARTHRITIS IMAGING BIOMARKERS USING LAPLACIAN EIGENMAP EMBEDDINGS WITH DATA FROM THE OAI, 11th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 1011-1014, ISSN: 1945-7928
Shen WW, Gu YD, Bull AM, 2013, Characteristic of foot surface temperature variety during continual low-intensity exercise, BioTechnology: An Indian Journal, Vol: 7, Pages: 352-356, ISSN: 0974-7435
Foot thermography information is very important to the footwear's functional design. The purpose of this study is to investigate the distribution and change character of foot skin temperature variety during low-intensity movement. Totally 19 subjects participated in this testing, skin surface temperature monitor was using high-precision Infrared Thermal Imager. The average foot skin temperature existed a significant difference at rest condition. After 30min persistent low-intensity exercise, each area of the foot was increased, and the increasing trend was quite similar. This study could provide the basis of foot physiological function understanding. © 2013 Trade Science Inc. - INDIA.
Eftaxiopoulou T, Gupte CM, Dear JP, et al., 2013, The effect of digitisation of the humeral epicondyles on quantifying elbow kinematics during cricket bowling, JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES, Vol: 31, Pages: 1722-1730, ISSN: 0264-0414
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- Citations: 4
Prinold JAI, Villette CC, Bull AMJ, 2013, The influence of extreme speeds on scapula kinematics and the importance of controlling the plane of elevation, CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS, Vol: 28, Pages: 973-980, ISSN: 0268-0033
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- Citations: 9
Prinold JAI, Masjedi M, Johnson GR, et al., 2013, Musculoskeletal shoulder models: A technical review and proposals for research foci, PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE, Vol: 227, Pages: 1041-1057, ISSN: 0954-4119
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- Citations: 27
Borhani M, McGregor AH, Bull AMJ, 2013, An alternative technical marker set for the pelvis is more repeatable than the standard pelvic marker set, Gait and Posture, Vol: 38, Pages: 1032-1037, ISSN: 0966-6362
Multiple marker sets and models are currently available for assessing pelvic kinematics in gait. Despite the presence of a variety models, there are still debates on their reliability and consistency, and consequently there is no clearly defined standard. Two marker sets were evaluated in this study: the ‘Traditional’ where markers are placed at the anterior and posterior superior iliac spines (ASISs, PSISs); and the ‘Cluster’, where a cluster of three orthogonal markers fixed on a rigid based is attached to the sacrum. The two sets were compared with respect to intra and inter session standard deviations of maximum pelvic tilt, obliquity and rotation angles. The repeatability between and within sessions was measured using coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC). Also the similarity between the two sets was assessed using inter-protocol CMC (ipCMC). Both data sets generated showed high within and between session repeatability in the sagittal plane (CMC > 0.80), although the Cluster method showed higher repeatability than that of the Traditional method in non-sagittal plane motion for both within and between sessions. The authors are not aware of other studies reporting the differences in intra and inter session variability and repeatability values for different body mass index categories such as overweight and obese subjects with relatively large sample size. Hence the Cluster method overcomes a number of theoretical and experimental limitations such as minimising the marker occlusion and is a reliable alternative to the Traditional (the standard) marker set.
Masouros SD, Newell N, Ramasamy A, et al., 2013, Design of a Traumatic Injury Simulator for Assessing Lower Limb Response to High Loading Rates, ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, Vol: 41, Pages: 1957-1967, ISSN: 0090-6964
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- Citations: 11
Singleton JAG, Gibb IE, Hunt NCA, et al., 2013, Identifying future 'unexpected' survivors: a retrospective cohort study of fatal injury patterns in victims of improvised explosive devices, BMJ Open, Vol: 3, ISSN: 2044-6055
Objectives To identify potentially fatal injury patterns in explosive blast fatalities in order to focus research and mitigation strategies, to further improve survival rates from blast trauma.Design Retrospective cohort study.Participants UK military personnel killed by improvised explosive device (IED) blasts in Afghanistan, November 2007–August 2010.Setting UK military deployment, through NATO, in support of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) mission in Afghanistan.Data sources UK military postmortem CT records, UK Joint Theatre Trauma Registry and associated incident data.Main outcome measures Potentially fatal injuries attributable to IEDs.Results We identified 121 cases, 42 mounted (in-vehicle) and 79 dismounted (on foot), at a point of wounding. There were 354 potentially fatal injuries in total. Leading causes of death were traumatic brain injury (50%, 62/124 fatal injuries), followed by intracavity haemorrhage (20.2%, 25/124) in the mounted group, and extremity haemorrhage (42.6%, 98/230 fatal injuries), junctional haemorrhage (22.2%, 51/230 fatal injuries) and traumatic brain injury (18.7%, 43/230 fatal injuries) in the dismounted group.Conclusions Head trauma severity in both mounted and dismounted IED fatalities indicated prevention and mitigation as the most effective strategies to decrease resultant mortality. Two-thirds of dismounted fatalities had haemorrhage implicated as a cause of death that may have been anatomically amenable to prehospital intervention. One-fifth of the mounted fatalities had haemorrhagic trauma which currently could only be addressed surgically. Maintaining the drive to improve all haemostatic techniques for blast casualties, from point of wounding to definitive surgical proximal vascular control, alongside the development and application of novel haemostatic interventions could yield a significant survival benefit. Prospective studies in this field are indicated.
Singleton JAG, Gibb IE, Bull AMJ, et al., 2013, Primary blast lung injury prevalence and fatal injuries from explosions: Insights from postmortem computed tomographic analysis of 121 improvised explosive device fatalities, JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND ACUTE CARE SURGERY, Vol: 75, Pages: S269-S274, ISSN: 2163-0755
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- Citations: 24
Southgate DFL, Bokor DJ, Longo UG, et al., 2013, The Effect of Humeral Avulsion of the Glenohumeral Ligaments and Humeral Repair Site on Joint Laxity: A Biomechanical Study, ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY, Vol: 29, Pages: 990-997, ISSN: 0749-8063
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- Citations: 23
Shaheen AF, Villa C, Lee Y-N, et al., 2013, Scapular taping alters kinematics in asymptomatic subjects, JOURNAL OF ELECTROMYOGRAPHY AND KINESIOLOGY, Vol: 23, Pages: 326-333, ISSN: 1050-6411
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- Citations: 28
Ramasamy A, Hill AM, Masouros S, et al., 2013, Outcomes of IED foot and ankle blast injuries., J Bone Joint Surg Am, Vol: 95
BACKGROUND: Improvements in protection and medical treatments have resulted in increasing numbers of modern-warfare casualties surviving with complex lower-extremity injuries. To our knowledge, there has been no prior analysis of foot and ankle blast injuries as a result of improvised explosive devices (IEDs). The aims of this study were to report the pattern of injury and determine which factors are associated with a poor clinical outcome. METHODS: U.K. service personnel who had sustained lower leg injuries following an under-vehicle explosion from January 2006 to December 2008 were identified with the use of a prospective trauma registry. Patient demographics, injury severity, the nature of the lower leg injury, and the type of clinical management were recorded. Clinical end points were determined by (1) the need for amputation and (2) ongoing clinical symptoms. RESULTS: Sixty-three U.K. service personnel (eighty-nine injured limbs) with lower leg injuries from an explosion were identified. Fifty-one percent of the casualties sustained multisegmental injuries to the foot and ankle. Twenty-six legs (29%) required amputation, with six of them amputated because of chronic pain eighteen months following injury. Regression analysis revealed that hindfoot injuries, open fractures, and vascular injuries were independent predictors of amputation. At the time of final follow-up, sixty-six (74%) of the injured limbs had persisting symptoms related to the injury, and only nine (14%) of the service members were fit to return to their preinjury duties. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that foot and ankle injuries from IEDs are associated with a high amputation rate and frequently with a poor clinical outcome. Although not life-threatening, they remain a source of long-term morbidity in an active population.
Newell N, Masouros SD, Bull AMJ, 2013, A comparison of MiL-Lx and hybrid-III responses in seated and standing postures with blast mats in simulated under-vehicle explosions, 2013 IRCOBI Conference Proceedings - International Research Council on the Biomechanics of Injury, Pages: 135-144
Blast mats that can be retrofitted to the floor of military vehicles are considered to reduce the risk of injury from under-vehicle explosions. Anthropometric test devices (ATDs) are validated for use only in the seated position. The aim of this study was to use a traumatic injury simulator fitted with 3 different blast mats in order to assess the ability of 2 ATD designs to evaluate the protective capacity of the mats in 2 occupant postures under 2 severities. Tests were performed for each combination of mat design, ATD, severity and posture using an antivehicle under-belly injury simulator. The differences between mitigation systems were larger under the H-III compared to the MiL-Lx. There was little difference in how the 2 ATDs and how posture ranked the mitigation systems. Results from this study suggest that conclusions obtained by testing in the seated position can be extrapolated to the standing. However, the different percentage reductions observed in the 2 ATDs suggests different levels of protection. It is therefore unclear which ATD should be used to assess such mitigation systems. A correlation between cadavers and ATDs on the protection offered by blast mats is required in order to elucidate this issue.
Alam M, Bull AMJ, Thomas RD, et al., 2013, A Clinical Device for Measuring Internal-External Rotational Laxity of the Knee, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE, Vol: 41, Pages: 87-94, ISSN: 0363-5465
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- Citations: 14
Cleather DJ, Goodwin JE, Bull AMJ, 2013, Hip and knee joint loading during vertical jumping and push jerking, CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS, Vol: 28, Pages: 98-103, ISSN: 0268-0033
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- Citations: 54
Stoddard JE, Deehan DJ, Bull AMJ, et al., 2013, The kinematics and stability of single-radius versus multi-radius femoral components related to Mid-range instability after TKA, JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Vol: 31, Pages: 53-58, ISSN: 0736-0266
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- Citations: 69
Ramasamy MA, Hill AM, Phillip R, et al., 2013, FASS is a Better Predictor of Poor Outcome in Lower Limb Blast Injury Than AIS: Implications for Blast Research, JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRAUMA, Vol: 27, Pages: 49-55, ISSN: 0890-5339
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- Citations: 6
Alexander S, Southgate DFL, Bull AMJ, et al., 2013, The role of negative intraarticular pressure and the long head of biceps tendon on passive stability of the glenohumeral joint, JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY, Vol: 22, Pages: 94-101, ISSN: 1058-2746
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- Citations: 25
Cleather DJ, Goodwin JE, Bull AMJ, 2013, INTERSEGMENTAL MOMENT ANALYSIS CHARACTERIZES THE PARTIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF JUMPING AND JERKING, JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH, Vol: 27, Pages: 89-100, ISSN: 1064-8011
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- Citations: 21
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