Publications
1244 results found
Raju M, Sagar M, Bush A, et al., 2023, The role of supervised school therapy in poorly controlled asthma in children., Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent), Vol: 36, Pages: 448-452, ISSN: 0899-8280
BACKGROUND: In children, nonadherence to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy leads to poor asthma control and complications. METHODS: We evaluated the benefit from initiation of ICS administration once daily at school. We retrospectively chose patients from our pediatric pulmonary clinic who had poorly controlled asthma and prescribed ICS daily. For the study period, we examined the number of corticosteroid courses, emergency room visits, hospital admissions, symptom history, and pulmonary function tests. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria began the intervention. Preintervention, there were a mean number of 2.6 oral corticosteroid courses compared to 2 courses in the year following intervention (P = 0.8). Postintervention emergency department visits decreased from a mean of 1.4 to 1.0 (P = 0.71), and hospital admissions decreased from 1.23 to 0.57 (P = 0.04). There was also a significant increase in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (1.69 vs 1.4 L/sec, P = 0.02), a decrease in systemic steroid-free days in a year (96 vs 141 days, P = 0.03), and an increase in symptom-free days postintervention (28 vs 26 days, P = 0.325). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that ICS administration in schools may help reduce hospital admissions and improve lung function in patients with poorly controlled asthma.
Scotney E, Fleming L, Saglani S, et al., 2023, Advances in the pathogenesis and personalised treatment of paediatric asthma., BMJ Med, Vol: 2
The diversity of pathology of severe paediatric asthma demonstrates that the one-size-fits-all approach characterising many guidelines is inappropriate. The term "asthma" is best used to describe a clinical syndrome of wheeze, chest tightness, breathlessness, and sometimes cough, making no assumptions about underlying pathology. Before personalising treatment, it is essential to make the diagnosis correctly and optimise basic management. Clinicians must determine exactly what type of asthma each child has. We are moving from describing symptom patterns in preschool wheeze to describing multiple underlying phenotypes with implications for targeting treatment. Many new treatment options are available for school age asthma, including biological medicines targeting type 2 inflammation, but a paucity of options are available for non-type 2 disease. The traditional reliever treatment, shortacting β2 agonists, is being replaced by combination inhalers containing inhaled corticosteroids and fast, longacting β2 agonists to treat the underlying inflammation in even mild asthma and reduce the risk of asthma attacks. However, much decision making is still based on adult data extrapolated to children. Better inclusion of children in future research studies is essential, if children are to benefit from these new advances in asthma treatment.
Thorsen J, Stokholm J, Rasmussen MA, et al., 2022, Asthma and Wheeze Severity and the Oropharyngeal Microbiota in Children and Adolescents, ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY, Vol: 19, Pages: 2031-2043, ISSN: 1546-3222
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 4
Pifferi M, Boner AL, Gracci S, et al., 2022, Longitudinal Nitric Oxide Levels and Infections by Ultrastructure and Genotype in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, CHEST, Vol: 162, Pages: 1265-1276, ISSN: 0012-3692
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 1
Carlens J, Johnson KT, Bush A, et al., 2022, Heterogenous Disease Course and Long-Term Outcome of Children's Interstitial Lung Disease Related to Filamin A Gene Variants, ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY, Vol: 19, Pages: 2021-2030, ISSN: 1546-3222
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 5
Papiris SAA, Kannengiesser C, Borie R, et al., 2022, Genetics in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Clinical Perspective, DIAGNOSTICS, Vol: 12
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 3
Chang AB, Zacharasiewicz A, Goyal V, et al., 2022, European Respiratory Society statement for defining respiratory exacerbations in children and adolescents with bronchiectasis for clinical trials, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 60, ISSN: 0903-1936
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 7
Aurora P, Duncan JA, Lum S, et al., 2022, Early <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> predicts poorer pulmonary function in preschool children with cystic fibrosis, JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS, Vol: 21, Pages: 988-995, ISSN: 1569-1993
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 2
Wells C, Wilkinson N, Makhecha S, et al., 2022, ACCEPTABILITY AND FEASIBILITY PILOT OF CODESIGNED TELEHEALTH PHYSIOTHERAPY INTERVENTIONS FOR CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA AND DYSFUNCTIONAL BREATHING, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society (BTS), Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A130-A130, ISSN: 0040-6376
Pavlou B, Scotney E, Makariou I, et al., 2022, ACCEPTABILITY AND FEASIBILITY OF MEASURING BLOOD EOSINOPHILS USING A POINT-OF-CARE DEVICE IN CHILDREN WITH ASTHMA, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society (BTS), Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A130-A131, ISSN: 0040-6376
Haider S, Fontanella S, Ullah A, et al., 2022, Evolution of eczema, wheeze and rhinitis from infancy to early adulthood: four birth cohort studies, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Vol: 206, Pages: 950-960, ISSN: 1073-449X
BACKGROUND: The relationship between eczema, wheeze/asthma and rhinitis is complex, and epidemiology and mechanisms of their comorbidities is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate within-individual patterns of morbidity of eczema, wheeze and rhinitis from birth to adolescence/early adulthood. METHODS: We investigated onset/progression/resolution of eczema, wheeze and rhinitis using descriptive statistics, sequence mining and Latent Markov modelling (LMM) in four population-based birth cohorts. We used logistic regression to ascertain if early-life eczema or wheeze, or genetic factors (filaggrin mutations and 17q21 variants), increase the risk of multimorbidity. RESULTS: Single conditions, although the most prevalent, were observed significantly less frequently than by chance. There was considerable variation in the timing of onset/remission/persistence/intermittence. Multimorbidity of eczema+wheeze+rhinitis was rare, but significantly over-represented (3-6 times more often than by chance). Although infantile eczema was associated with subsequent multimorbidity, most children with eczema (75.4%) did not progress to any multimorbidity pattern. FLG mutations and rs7216389 were not associated with persistence of eczema/wheeze as single conditions, but both increased the risk of multimorbidity (FLG by 2-3-fold, rs7216389 risk variant by 1.4-1.7-fold). LMM revealed 5 latent states (No disease/low risk; Mainly eczema; Mainly Wheeze; Mainly rhinitis; Multimorbidity). The most likely transition to Multimorbidity was from Eczema state (0.21). However, although this was one of the highest transition probabilities, only 1/5 of those with eczema transitioned to multimorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: Atopic diseases fit a multimorbidity framework, with no evidence for sequential "atopic march" progression. The highest transition to multimorbidity was from eczema, but most children with eczema (>three quarters) had no comorbidities.
Barclay M, Buderi S, Bush A, et al., 2022, Wheeze in the time of COVID-19: overcoming obstacles to an unusual diagnosis, THORAX, Vol: 77, Pages: 1050-1053, ISSN: 0040-6376
King J, O'Callaghan M, Thiruchelvam T, et al., 2022, Lung biopsy in neonates needing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for undiagnosed recalcitrant pulmonary hypertension: survey of current practice, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Makariou I, Rhamie S, Bush A, et al., 2022, Peak inspiratory flow in children with exercise induced laryngeal obstruction, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 1
Makariou I, Bush A, Saglani S, et al., 2022, Ethnic differences in daily FeNO response after systemic steroids in children with severe asthma, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Scotney E, Jayarathna R, Gupta L, et al., 2022, The role of cardiopulmonary exercise testing to evaluate exercise induced dyspnoea in asthmatic children, Publisher: EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY SOC JOURNALS LTD, ISSN: 0903-1936
Abdel-Aziz M, Thorsen J, Hashimoto S, et al., 2022, Identification of oropharyngeal microbiome-driven asthma and wheezing clusters in children, 2022 ERS International Congress, Publisher: European Respiratory Society, Pages: 1-3, ISSN: 0903-1936
Papiris S, Campo I, Mariani F, et al., 2022, COVID-19 in patients with Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis A European multicenter study, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 60, ISSN: 0903-1936
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 4
Paraskakis E, Sarikloglou E, Fouzas S, et al., 2022, Improved prediction of asthma exacerbations by measuring distal airway inflammation, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 60, ISSN: 0903-1936
Chang AB, Boyd J, Bush A, et al., 2022, Quality standards for managing children and adolescents with bronchiectasis: an international consensus, BREATHE, Vol: 18, ISSN: 1810-6838
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 2
Chatziparasidis G, Bush A, 2022, Enigma variations: The multi-faceted problems of pre-school wheeze, PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Vol: 57, Pages: 1990-1997, ISSN: 8755-6863
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 1
Humbert M, Kovacs G, Hoeper MM, et al., 2022, 2022 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension Developed by the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS). Endorsed by the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) and the European Reference Network on rare respiratory diseases (ERN-LUNG), European Heart Journal, Pages: 1-114, ISSN: 0195-668X
Stolting H, Baillon L, Frise R, et al., 2022, Distinct airway epithelial immune responses after infection with SARS-CoV-2 compared to H1N1, Mucosal Immunology, Vol: 15, Pages: 952-963, ISSN: 1933-0219
Children are less likely than adults to suffer severe symptoms when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), while influenza A H1N1 severity is comparable across ages except for the very young or elderly. Airway epithelial cells play a vital role in the early defence against viruses via their barrier and immune functions. We investigated viral replication and immune responses in SARS-CoV-2-infected bronchial epithelial cells from healthy paediatric (n = 6; 2.5–5.6 years old) and adult (n = 4; 47–63 years old) subjects and compared cellular responses following infection with SARS-CoV-2 or Influenza A H1N1. While infection with either virus triggered robust transcriptional interferon responses, including induction of type I (IFNB1) and type III (IFNL1) interferons, markedly lower levels of interferons and inflammatory proteins (IL-6, IL-8) were released following SARS-CoV-2 compared to H1N1 infection. Only H1N1 infection caused disruption of the epithelial layer. Interestingly, H1N1 infection resulted in sustained upregulation of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors FURIN and NRP1. We did not find any differences in the epithelial response to SARS-CoV-2 infection between paediatric and adult cells. Overall, SARS-CoV-2 had diminished potential to replicate, affect morphology and evoke immune responses in bronchial epithelial cells compared to H1N1.
Bush A, Hilgendorff A, 2022, Editorial: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: Past, Current and Future Pathophysiologic Concepts and Their Contribution to Understanding Lung Disease, FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE, Vol: 9
Fowler S, Bhatt J, Brown S, et al., 2022, E-cigarette company tactics in sports advertising, LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE, Vol: 10, Pages: 634-636, ISSN: 2213-2600
Dobra R, Bentley S, Edmondson C, et al., 2022, Going the extra mile: why clinical research in cystic fibrosis must include children, Children, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2227-9067
This is an exciting time for research and novel drug development in cystic fibrosis. However, rarely has the adage, “Children are not just little adults” been more relevant. This article is divided into two main sections. In the first, we explore why it is important to involve children in research. We discuss the potential benefits of understanding a disease and its treatment in children, and we highlight that children have the same legal and ethical right to evidence-based therapy as adults. Additionally, we discuss why extrapolation from adults may be inappropriate, for example, medication pharmacokinetics may be different in children, and there may be unpredictable adverse effects. In the second part, we discuss how to involve children and their families in research. We outline the importance and the complexities of selecting appropriate outcome measures, and we discuss the role co-design may have in improving the involvement of children. We highlight the importance of appropriate staffing and resourcing, and we outline some of the common challenges and possible solutions, including practical tips on obtaining consent/assent in children and adolescents. We conclude that it is unethical to simply rely on extrapolation from adult studies because research in young children is challenging and that research should be seen as a normal part of the paediatric therapeutic journey.
Bush A, 2022, How to Choose the Correct Drug in Severe Pediatric Asthma, FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS, Vol: 10, ISSN: 2296-2360
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 3
Reinke SN, Naz S, Chaleckis R, et al., 2022, Urinary metabotype of severe asthma evidences decreased carnitine metabolism independent of oral corticosteroid treatment in the U-BIOPRED study, European Respiratory Journal, Vol: 59, Pages: 1-17, ISSN: 0903-1936
Introduction Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with poorly defined phenotypes. Patients with severe asthma often receive multiple treatments including oral corticosteroids (OCS). Treatment may modify the observed metabotype, rendering it challenging to investigate underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we aimed to identify dysregulated metabolic processes in relation to asthma severity and medication.Methods Baseline urine was collected prospectively from healthy participants (n=100), patients with mild-to-moderate asthma (n=87) and patients with severe asthma (n=418) in the cross-sectional U-BIOPRED cohort; 12–18-month longitudinal samples were collected from patients with severe asthma (n=305). Metabolomics data were acquired using high-resolution mass spectrometry and analysed using univariate and multivariate methods.Results A total of 90 metabolites were identified, with 40 significantly altered (p<0.05, false discovery rate <0.05) in severe asthma and 23 by OCS use. Multivariate modelling showed that observed metabotypes in healthy participants and patients with mild-to-moderate asthma differed significantly from those in patients with severe asthma (p=2.6×10−20), OCS-treated asthmatic patients differed significantly from non-treated patients (p=9.5×10−4), and longitudinal metabotypes demonstrated temporal stability. Carnitine levels evidenced the strongest OCS-independent decrease in severe asthma. Reduced carnitine levels were associated with mitochondrial dysfunction via decreases in pathway enrichment scores of fatty acid metabolism and reduced expression of the carnitine transporter SLC22A5 in sputum and bronchial brushings.Conclusions This is the first large-scale study to delineate disease- and OCS-associated metabolic differences in asthma. The widespread associations with different therapies upon the observed metabotypes demonstrate the need to evaluate potential modulating effects on a treatment- and metabolite-speci
Chung KF, Wenzel SE, Brozek JL, et al., 2022, International ERS/ATS guidelines on definition, evaluation and treatment of severe asthma (vol 43, pg 343, 2014), EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 59, ISSN: 0903-1936
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 1
Zuberbier T, Doerr T, Aberer W, et al., 2022, Proposal of 0.5 mg of protein/100 g of processed food as threshold for voluntary declaration of food allergen traces in processed food-A first step in an initiative to better inform patients and avoid fatal allergic reactions: A GA<SUP>2</SUP>LEN position paper, ALLERGY, Vol: 77, Pages: 1736-1750, ISSN: 0105-4538
- Author Web Link
- Cite
- Citations: 11
This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.