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@article{Adam:2016:0004-6361/201628897,
author = {Adam, R and Aghanim, N and Ashdown, M and Aumont, J and Baccigalupi, C and Ballardini, M and Banday, AJ and Barreiro, RB and Bartolo, N and Basak, S and Battye, R and Benabed, K and Bernard, J-P and Bersanelli, M and Bielewicz, P and Bock, JJ and Bonaldi, A and Bonavera, L and Bond, JR and Borrill, J and Bouchet, FR and Boulanger, F and Bucher, M and Burigana, C and Calabrese, E and Cardoso, J-F and Carron, J and Chiang, HC and Colombo, LPL and Combet, C and Comis, B and Couchot, F and Coulais, A and Crill, BP and Curto, A and Cuttaia, F and Davis, RJ and de, Bernardis P and de, Rosa A and de, Zotti G and Delabrouille, J and Di, Valentino E and Dickinson, C and Diego, JM and Dore, O and Douspis, M and Ducout, A and Dupac, X and Elsner, F and Ensslin, TA and Eriksen, HK and Falgarone, E and Fantaye, Y and Finelli, F and Forastieri, F and Frailis, M and Fraisse, AA and Franceschi, E and Frolov, A and Galeotta, S and Galli, S and Ganga, K and Genova-Santos, RT and Gerbino, M and Ghosh, T },
doi = {0004-6361/201628897},
journal = {Astronomy & Astrophysics},
title = {Planck intermediate results XLVII. Planck constraints on reionization history},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628897},
volume = {596},
year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - We investigate constraints on cosmic reionization extracted from the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We combine the Planck CMB anisotropy data in temperature with the low-multipole polarization data to fit ΛCDM models with various parameterizations of the reionization history. We obtain a Thomson optical depth τ = 0.058 ± 0.012 for the commonly adopted instantaneous reionization model. This confirms, with data solely from CMB anisotropies, the low value suggested by combining Planck 2015 results with other data sets, and also reduces the uncertainties. We reconstruct the history of the ionization fraction using either a symmetric or an asymmetric model for the transition between the neutral and ionized phases. To determine better constraints on the duration of the reionization process, we also make use of measurements of the amplitude of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) effect using additional information from the high-resolution Atacama Cosmology Telescope and South Pole Telescope experiments. The average redshift at which reionization occurs is found to lie between z = 7.8 and 8.8, depending on the model of reionization adopted. Using kSZ constraints and a redshift-symmetric reionization model, we find an upper limit to the width of the reionization period of Δz < 2.8. In all cases, we find that the Universe is ionized at less than the 10% level at redshifts above z  10. This suggests that an early onset of reionization is strongly disfavoured by the Planck data. We show that this result also reduces the tension between CMB-based analyses and constraints from other astrophysical sources.
AU  - Adam,R
AU  - Aghanim,N
AU  - Ashdown,M
AU  - Aumont,J
AU  - Baccigalupi,C
AU  - Ballardini,M
AU  - Banday,AJ
AU  - Barreiro,RB
AU  - Bartolo,N
AU  - Basak,S
AU  - Battye,R
AU  - Benabed,K
AU  - Bernard,J-P
AU  - Bersanelli,M
AU  - Bielewicz,P
AU  - Bock,JJ
AU  - Bonaldi,A
AU  - Bonavera,L
AU  - Bond,JR
AU  - Borrill,J
AU  - Bouchet,FR
AU  - Boulanger,F
AU  - Bucher,M
AU  - Burigana,C
AU  - Calabrese,E
AU  - Cardoso,J-F
AU  - Carron,J
AU  - Chiang,HC
AU  - Colombo,LPL
AU  - Combet,C
AU  - Comis,B
AU  - Couchot,F
AU  - Coulais,A
AU  - Crill,BP
AU  - Curto,A
AU  - Cuttaia,F
AU  - Davis,RJ
AU  - de,Bernardis P
AU  - de,Rosa A
AU  - de,Zotti G
AU  - Delabrouille,J
AU  - Di,Valentino E
AU  - Dickinson,C
AU  - Diego,JM
AU  - Dore,O
AU  - Douspis,M
AU  - Ducout,A
AU  - Dupac,X
AU  - Elsner,F
AU  - Ensslin,TA
AU  - Eriksen,HK
AU  - Falgarone,E
AU  - Fantaye,Y
AU  - Finelli,F
AU  - Forastieri,F
AU  - Frailis,M
AU  - Fraisse,AA
AU  - Franceschi,E
AU  - Frolov,A
AU  - Galeotta,S
AU  - Galli,S
AU  - Ganga,K
AU  - Genova-Santos,RT
AU  - Gerbino,M
AU  - Ghosh,T
AU  - Gonzalez-Nuevo,J
AU  - Gorski,KM
AU  - Gruppuso,A
AU  - Gudmundsson,JE
AU  - Hansen,FK
AU  - Helou,G
AU  - Henrot-Versille,S
AU  - Herranz,D
AU  - Hivon,E
AU  - Huang,Z
AU  - Ilic,S
AU  - Jaffe,AH
AU  - Jones,WC
AU  - Keihanen,E
AU  - Keskitalo,R
AU  - Kisner,TS
AU  - Knox,L
AU  - Krachmalnicoff,N
AU  - Kunz,M
AU  - Kurki-Suonio,H
AU  - Lagache,G
AU  - Lahteenmaki,A
AU  - Lamarre,J-M
AU  - Langer,M
AU  - Lasenby,A
AU  - Lattanzi,M
AU  - Lawrence,CR
AU  - Le,Jeune M
AU  - Levrier,F
AU  - Lewis,A
AU  - Liguori,M
AU  - Lilje,PB
AU  - Lopez-Caniego,M
AU  - Ma,Y-Z
AU  - Macias-Perez,JF
AU  - Maggio,G
AU  - Mangilli,A
AU  - Maris,M
AU  - Martin,PG
AU  - Martinez-Gonzalez,E
AU  - Matarrese,S
AU  - Mauri,N
AU  - McEwen,JD
AU  - Meinhold,PR
AU  - Melchiorri,A
AU  - Mennella,A
AU  - Migliaccio,M
AU  - Miville-Deschenes,M-A
AU  - Molinari,D
AU  - Moneti,A
AU  - Montier,L
AU  - Morgante,G
AU  - Moss,A
AU  - Naselsky,P
AU  - Natoli,P
AU  - Oxborrow,CA
AU  - Pagano,L
AU  - Paoletti,D
AU  - Partridge,B
AU  - Patanchon,G
AU  - Patrizii,L
AU  - Perdereau,O
AU  - Perotto,L
AU  - Pettorino,V
AU  - Piacentini,F
AU  - Plaszczynski,S
AU  - Polastri,L
AU  - Polenta,G
AU  - Puget,J-L
AU  - Rachen,JP
AU  - Racine,B
AU  - Reinecke,M
AU  - Remazeilles,M
AU  - Renzi,A
AU  - Rocha,G
AU  - Rossetti,M
AU  - Roudier,G
AU  - Rubino-Martin,JA
AU  - Ruiz-Granados,B
AU  - Salvati,L
AU  - Sandri,M
AU  - Savelainen,M
AU  - Scott,D
AU  - Sirri,G
AU  - Sunyaev,R
AU  - Suur-Uski,A-S
AU  - Tauber,JA
AU  - Tenti,M
AU  - Toffolatti,L
AU  - Tomasi,M
AU  - Tristram,M
AU  - Trombetti,T
AU  - Valiviita,J
AU  - Van,Tent F
AU  - Vielva,P
AU  - Villa,F
AU  - Vittorio,N
AU  - Wandelt,BD
AU  - Wehus,IK
AU  - White,M
AU  - Zacchei,A
AU  - Zonca,A
DO  - 0004-6361/201628897
PY  - 2016///
SN  - 1432-0746
TI  - Planck intermediate results XLVII. Planck constraints on reionization history
T2  - Astronomy & Astrophysics
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201628897
UR  - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000390797900066&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/44469
VL  - 596
ER  -

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