Imperial College London

ProfessorChrisCheeseman

Faculty of EngineeringDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Professor of Materials Resources Engineering
 
 
 
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c.cheeseman

 
 
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242Skempton BuildingSouth Kensington Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Publication Type
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260 results found

Shanks B, Howe C, Draper S, Wong H, Cheeseman Cet al., 2024, Production of low-carbon amorphous SiO<inf>2</inf> for use as a supplementary cementitious material and nesquehonite from olivine, Materials Letters, Vol: 361, ISSN: 0167-577X

Amorphous silica and hydrated magnesium carbonate (nesquehonite, MgCO3·3H2O) have been produced by acid dissolution of olivine ((Mg,Fe)2·SiO4). The amorphous silica is a viable supplementary cementitious material, and the formation of nesquehonite by carbonation, results in a carbon negative process. Using the amorphous silica as a supplementary cementitious material produces low-carbon cement. The global reserve of olivine makes this a viable route to producing low-carbon concrete.

Journal article

Mcmeeking A, Dieckmann E, Cheeseman C, 2024, Production methods for bacterial biomaterials: A review, Materials Today Sustainability, Vol: 25

Alternatives for synthetic materials are necessary to meet climate goals and reduce waste. Biomaterials derived from the extracellular matrix of various bacteria provide a solution to these pressing issues due to their diverse material properties and applications. This review explores a wide range of biofilm producing bacteria, equipping researchers, and manufacturers with information regarding growth conditions and material characteristics to enable sustainable bacteria-derived material innovation. Data on extracellular matrix producing bacteria strains is presented, including information on material properties, production methods, material characteristics, and economic feasibility. This provides a valuable tool kit to help selection of bacteria strains for a variety of products and applications. Currently, there is a notable research need in the range of bacteria that produce extracellular matrix in the field of material science. Through the identification of barriers and the proposition of solutions such as genetic modification, system design, growth medium supplements, and rotating magnetic fields, researchers can sustain their innovation efforts. This, in turn, contributes to the improved quality and accessibility of cost-effective bacterial-produced biomaterials. This review addresses this need and aims to enable the creation of bio-derived materials by leveraging microbiology.

Journal article

Huang Y, Bian Z, Ji W, Yio M, Chen Z, Lu JX, Cheeseman C, Poon CSet al., 2024, Production of glass-ceramic aggregates from solid wastes for high-strength and low-shrinkage lightweight mortars, Construction and Building Materials, Vol: 416, ISSN: 0950-0618

To alleviate the shortage of traditional aggregates and reduce energy consumption, glass-ceramic aggregates were produced from incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) and waste glass powder (WGP) through low-temperature sintering at 800 ℃ without fluxing or nucleation agents. Thermodynamic calculations were employed to predict phase equilibria and quantification of aggregates. The density, porosity, compressive strength, and crystalline phases in the aggregates were investigated as a function of WGP content (0–80 wt% with an interval of 20 wt%). The resulting glass-ceramic aggregates exhibited compressive strength of 1.9–47.0 MPa, density of 1526–2379 kg/cm3, and open porosity of 44.5% to 9.8%. Further application of glass-ceramic aggregates in mortars was assessed compared to manufactured sand (Ref-M) and expanded clay aggregate (Ref-C), including shrinkage, thermal conductivity, alkali-silica reaction, and microstructural characteristics. Results indicated that glass-ceramic aggregates reduced the 12.4–26.6% oven-dry density, 45.0–64.0% thermal conductivity, and 68.8–538.2 με 7-d autogenous shrinkage of lightweight mortars compared to Ref-M. Moreover, 3.0–35.5% drying shrinkage reduction and 5.7–139.0% 28-d compressive strength increase were achieved compared to Ref-C. The lightweight mortars containing glass-ceramic aggregates did not show any alkali-silica reaction risks. The synthesis of glass-ceramic aggregates at low temperatures and their successful application in lightweight products provided new insights and viable outlet for solid wastes.

Journal article

Huang Y, Chen Z, Liu Y, Lu J-X, Bian Z, Yio M, Cheeseman C, Wang F, Sun Poon Cet al., 2024, Recycling of waste glass and incinerated sewage sludge ash in glass-ceramics., Waste Manag, Vol: 174, Pages: 229-239

Disposal of waste glass and incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) in landfills is a waste of resources and poses significant environmental risks. This work aims to recycle waste glass and ISSA together to form value-added glass-ceramics. The physical and mechanical properties, leaching behaviour, and microstructure of the glass-ceramics produced with different proportions of waste glass powder (WGP) and ISSA were investigated. Thermodynamic calculations were performed to predict the formation of crystalline phases and the phase transformation involved. The results showed the potential of WGP and ISSA as raw materials in glass-ceramics production. WGP effectively densified the microstructure of the glass-ceramics by forming a viscous phase. As WGP content increased, the total porosity of glass-ceramics decreased whereas the density increased, accompanied by the formed anorthite transforming into wollastonite. The incorporation of WGP densified and refined the pore structure of the glass-ceramics, thereby improving the mechanical properties and reducing the water absorption. The glass-ceramics produced with a 50:50 blend of WGP and ISSA exhibited the highest compressive strength of 43.7 MPa and the lowest water absorption of 0.3 %. All fabricated glass-ceramics exhibited innocuous heavy metal leaching. The co-sintering of ISSA and WGP can produce additive-free glass-ceramics, characterized by reduced energy consumption and notable heavy metal immobilization capacity. These materials hold promise for utilization in construction as building materials.

Journal article

Zhang T, Zhang J, Chang J, Bi W, Cheeseman C, Chen Xet al., 2024, Hydration and strength development in magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) cement incorporating silicic acid, Composites Part B: Engineering, Vol: 268, ISSN: 1359-8368

The effect of silicic acid (SA) on the hydration and strength development of magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) cement containing citric acid (CA) was reported. Changes to the setting time, hydration reactions, mechanical strength, phase composition, microstructure and pore structure were investigated. The presence of SA promoted the formation of Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·5H2O and 5 Mg(OH)2·MgSO4·7H2O (phase 517), increasing the hydration rate and reducing the setting time of MOS cement containing CA. Magnesium silicate hydrate (MSH) gel with a silicate layered structure was formed after adding SA to MOS cement containing CA, and there was good co-existence between layered MSH gel and phase 517 whisker, which increased the compactness of MOS cement. Results show that the presence of SA enhanced the early mechanical strength of MOS cement by increasing the content and crystallite size of phase 517 whisker, while enhanced the later one by promoting the formation of MSH gel.

Journal article

Kumi-Larbi Jnr A, Mohammed L, Tagbor TA, Tulashie SK, Cheeseman Cet al., 2023, Recycling Waste Plastics into Plastic-Bonded Sand Interlocking Blocks for Wall Construction in Developing Countries, Sustainability, Vol: 15, Pages: 16602-16602

<jats:p>This paper reports on using waste polyethylene to form plastic-bonded sand interlocking blocks for wall construction. The production process, mechanical properties, and failure mechanisms of three different interlocking block wall systems are reported. Plastic-bonded composite blocks were formed by mixing sand into waste polyethylene in a high-temperature extruder. The blocks formed had densities between 1.5 and 1.6 g cm−3 and compressive strengths of approximately 15.0 MPa. This is significantly higher than the conventional sandcrete wall blocks that are widely used in developing countries. The blocks were used to construct walls with dimensions of 1.0 m × 1.0 m × 0.15 m, and these were subjected to in-plane compressive loads. The compressive strengths of the walls ranged from 4.2 to 5.7 MPa. Variations in the block composition did not affect the failure mechanism, but the extent of the block damage after failure varied significantly. The potential for using waste plastics to form interlocking construction blocks for use in low-cost construction is discussed.</jats:p>

Journal article

Ji W, Yio M, Chen Z, Lu JX, Cheeseman C, Poon CSet al., 2023, Resource recovery of waste glass and incinerated sewage sludge residues in self-foaming lightweight aggregate, Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol: 199, ISSN: 0921-3449

Waste glass powder (WGP) and incinerated sewage sludge residues (ISSR) were used as raw materials to produce self-foaming lightweight aggregate (LWA). WGP provided the glassy matrix and reduced the softening temperature, while ISSR acted as a self-foaming agent. The decomposition and evaporation of soluble salts, and the release of CO2 from the reaction between C and Fe3+ in ISSR caused foaming and volume expansion. The study aimed to investigate the influence of WGP: ISSR ratio (50:50 to 75:25) and foaming temperature (750 °C to 950 °C) on the amount of the liquid phase formed, matrix viscosity, pore structure and mechanical properties. Increasing WGP content resulted in a reduction in porosity but an increase in the proportion of closed pores, improving the mechanical strength. Higher foaming temperatures led to increased volume expansion, higher total porosity, and lower strength. It was found that LWA with 75:25 WGP: ISSR ration formed at a foaming temperature between 800 and 900 °C had optimal strength and uniform pore distribution, with diopside and wollastonite as the main crystalline phases present.

Journal article

Bubalo A, Vouk D, Curkovic L, Rogosic M, Nakic D, Cheeseman Cet al., 2023, Influence of combustion temperature on the performance of sewage sludge ash as a supplementary material in manufacturing bricks, CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS, Vol: 404, ISSN: 0950-0618

Journal article

Georgiades M, Shah IH, Steubing B, Cheeseman C, Myers Ret al., 2023, Prospective life cycle assessment of European cement production, RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING, Vol: 194, ISSN: 0921-3449

Journal article

Jiang C, Ramteke DD, Li J, Sliz R, Sreenivasan H, Cheeseman C, Kinnunen Pet al., 2023, Preparation and characterization of binary Mg-silicate glasses via Sol-Gel route, JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS, Vol: 606, ISSN: 0022-3093

Journal article

Kia A, Wong HS, Cheeseman CR, 2022, Freeze–thaw durability of conventional and novel permeable pavement replacement, Journal of Transportation Engineering Part B-Pavements, Vol: 148, ISSN: 2573-5438

Permeable concrete pavements are becoming more common as a stormwater management system to mitigate urban flooding. However, they have several well-defined drawbacks including low permeability, high clogging potential, and low strength and durability, notably in cold climates exposed to freezing and thawing. A new generation of high-strength clogging-resistant permeable pavement replacement (CRP) has been developed, through extensive laboratory work, to address these shortcomings and advance the field of permeable pavements. This paper reports on new advances in permeable pavement systems and the performance of a range of conventional permeable concrete and the developed novel CRP (both prepared using Portland cement) of varying porosity exposed to freeze–thaw cycles. This will allow performance evaluations of both systems in a cold climate. The tests involved exposing samples to temperatures varying from −20°C to +20°C and measuring changes in mass, area, compressive strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity after each cycle. These new results show that CRP is highly resistant to degradation caused by freeze–thaw cycles compared to conventional permeable concrete, reducing maintenance requirements and improving service life. This study presents the first high-strength clogging-resistant permeable pavement replacement that is durable under frost action, these findings will support and enable wider use of permeable pavements in cold regions.

Journal article

Ayati B, Newport D, Wong H, Cheeseman Cet al., 2022, Acid activated smectite clay as pozzolanic supplementary cementitious material, Cement and Concrete Research, Vol: 162, Pages: 1-8, ISSN: 0008-8846

This research has investigated the structural changes and pozzolanic activity produced in acid activated smectite clay. The activation treatment used HCl at different concentrations, using different times and at a range of temperatures. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to determine the acid dissolution mechanism and characterise the activated clay mineral structure. Acid activation causes dehydroxylation of smectite clay, followed by leaching of octahedral cations. This results in the formation of a silica-rich amorphous phase that exhibits substantial pozzolanic activity compared to the same clay sample that had undergone calcining treatment at 850. The optimum sample was activated for 8 h using 5 M HCl at 90 °C. This was 93 % amorphous. Mortar prisms prepared with 25 % replacement of Portland cement by acid activated smectite produced 93 % compressive strength of plain Portland cement mortar.

Journal article

Chen X, Wang S, Zhou Y, Cheeseman C, Bi W, Zhang Tet al., 2022, Improved low-carbon magnesium oxysulfate cement pastes containing boric acid and citric acid, CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES, Vol: 134, ISSN: 0958-9465

Journal article

Ding T, Wong H, Qiao X, Cheeseman Cet al., 2022, Developing circular concrete: Acid treatment of waste concrete fines, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol: 365, Pages: 1-8, ISSN: 0959-6526

The development of circular concrete, to enable key components to be extracted and reused, is a key requirement to achieve sustainability in the built environment. Current industry practice for end-of-life concrete is best described as down-cycling because recycled concrete aggregate has limited use, with disposal of the associated crushed concrete fines. Acid treatment of waste concrete is being investigated to allow key concrete components to become circular and, in this work, the effect of acetic acid concentration, liquid/solid (L/S) ratio, reaction time and temperature on the leaching of waste concrete fines is reported. An acid concentration of 0.6 mol/L, an L/S ratio of 7 ml/g, and a reaction time of 6 h at ambient temperature allows clean sand to be extracted from concrete fines. This performs identically to new sand in mortar samples. We show for the first time that the dried and ground silica-rich residue produced by acid leaching has pozzolanic properties comparable to commercially available supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) such as blast furnace slag and coal fly ash. The potential for CO2 sequestration using the Ca2+-rich leached solution to form CaCO3 is calculated. The research shows that acid leaching of concrete fines can produce clean reusable sand, generates a viable SCM and sequester significant amounts of CO2 by forming precipitated calcium carbonate.

Journal article

Zhang T, Zhou Z, Li M, He Z, Jia Y, Cheeseman CR, Shi Cet al., 2022, Effect of hydrated magnesium carbonate grown <i>in situ</i> on the property of MgO-activated reactive SiO<sub>2</sub> mortars, JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE CEMENT-BASED MATERIALS, Vol: 11, Pages: 286-296, ISSN: 2165-0373

Journal article

Alzeer MIM, Nguyen H, Fabritius T, Sreenivasan H, Telkki V-V, Kantola AM, Cheeseman C, Illikainen M, Kinnunen Pet al., 2022, On the hydration of synthetic aluminosilicate glass as a sole cement precursor, CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH, Vol: 159, ISSN: 0008-8846

Journal article

Jnr AK-L, Galpin R, Manjula S, Lenkiewicz Z, Cheeseman Cet al., 2022, Reuse of Waste Plastics in Developing Countries: Properties of Waste Plastic-Sand Composites, WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION, Vol: 13, Pages: 3821-3834, ISSN: 1877-2641

Journal article

Ayati B, Newport D, Wong H, Cheeseman Cet al., 2022, Low-carbon cements: potential for low-grade calcined clays to form supplementary cementitious materials, Cleaner Materials, Vol: 5, Pages: 100099-100099, ISSN: 2772-3976

The use of low-carbon supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), such as calcined clays, to replace cement clinker has been recognized by the Cement Industry to achieve reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. This paper investigates eight low-grade clays, with <20% kaolinite, obtained from different geological formations, that have been calcined to produce potential SCMs. The clays were characterised before and after calcining at 750, 800, 850 and 900 °C, and the mineralogical changes and amorphous phase contents determined. The pozzolanic activity and the strength activity index of the different calcined clays were evaluated. The results show that calcined clays from the Oxford and Ampthill geological formations in the UK can produce SCMs with pozzolanic activity higher than conventional SCMs such as PFA. These clays were rich in illite and smectite and produced ∼60% amorphous phase when calcined at 850 °C. Mortars produced using calcined clays had higher compressive strengths than mortars containing pulverised fuel ash and achieved ∼90% of the compressive strength of 100% Portland cement mortar samples at 28 days. The research demonstrates that low-grade clay resources can be calcined to produce SCMs and that these can be used to form cementitious materials with reduced total associated CO2 emissions.

Journal article

Chen X, Zhang T, Cheeseman C, Bi W, Wang Set al., 2022, Production of Rapid-Hardening Magnesium Oxysulfate Cement Containing Boric Acid, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, Vol: 34, ISSN: 0899-1561

Journal article

Alzeer MIM, Cheeseman C, Kinnunen P, 2022, New synthetic glass-based supplementary cementitious materials derived from basalt composition, Journal of Building Engineering, Vol: 46, Pages: 103699-103699, ISSN: 2352-7102

Journal article

Earl C, Shah IH, Cook S, Cheeseman CRet al., 2022, Environmental sustainability and supply resillience of cobalt, Sustainability, Vol: 14, Pages: 4124-4124, ISSN: 2071-1050

Cobalt (Co) is an essential metal for the development of energy-transition technologies, decarbonising transportation, achieving several sustainable development goals, and facilitating a future net zero transition. However, the supply of Co is prone to severe fluctuation, disruption, and price instabilities. This review aims to identify the future evolution of Co supply through technologically resilient and environmentally sustainable pathways. The work shows that advances in both primary and secondary sources, Co mining methods and recycling systems are yet to be fully optimised. Moreover, responsible sourcing from both large mines and small artisanal mines will be necessary for a resilient Co supply. Regulatory approaches may increase transparency, support local mining communities, and improve secondary Co recovery. Novel Co supply options, such as deep-sea mining and bio-mining of tailings, are associated with major techno-economic and environmental issues. However, a circular economy, keeping Co in the economic loop for as long as possible, is yet to be optimised at both regional and global scales. To achieve environmental sustainability of Co, economic incentives, regulatory push, and improved public perception are required to drive product innovation and design for circularity. Although the complexity of Co recycling, due to lack of standardisation of design and chemistry in batteries, is an impediment, a sustainable net zero transition using Co will only be possible if a reliable primary supply and a circular secondary supply are established

Journal article

Kia A, Cheeseman C, Wong H, 2022, High Strength Porous Cement-Based Materials, US20220010500A1

Patent

Zhou Y, Cai G, Cheeseman C, Li J, Poon CSet al., 2022, Sewage sludge ash-incorporated stabilisation/solidification for recycling and remediation of marine sediments, JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Vol: 301, ISSN: 0301-4797

Journal article

Kia A, Wong HS, Cheeseman CR, 2021, Freeze-Thaw Durability Of Clogging Resistant Permeable Concrete, 12th International Conference on Concrete Pavements, Publisher: International Society for Concrete Pavements

<jats:p>Permeable concrete pavements are one of the most promising flood mitigation strategies. However, they have a number of limitations including low strength, low resistance to clogging and freeze/thaw degradation, limiting their application particularly in cold climates. Through extensive laboratory work, a novel high-strength clogging resistant permeable pavement (CRP) has been developed to address these shortcomings. In this paper, we investigated the freeze-thaw durability performance of a range of conventional permeable concrete and novel CRP. Samples were exposed to repeated freeze-thaw cycles (-20 to +20C) and their mass, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and compressive strength were evaluated over time. The results show that CRP is highly resistant to freeze-thaw cycles while conventional permeable concrete degrades rapidly. This study demonstrates that CRP is durable under frost action and therefore has the potential to be deployed in harsh wintry conditions.</jats:p>

Conference paper

Kia A, Delens J, Wong H, Cheeseman Cet al., 2021, Structural and hydrological design of permeable concrete pavements, Case Studies in Construction Materials, Vol: 15, ISSN: 2214-5095

Permeable pavements are used to mitigate urban flooding. However, conventional concrete permeable pavements have low compressive strength and are prone to clogging, which degrades performance and reduces service life. A new type of permeable pavement, high-strength clogging resistant permeable pavement (CRP), has recently been developed that overcomes many limitations of conventional permeable pavements. This paper presents a new design methodology for CRP that takes into account both structural and hydrological considerations. This is used in 12 case studies which compare CRP with conventional permeable pavements. The results highlight several advantages of CRP and demonstrate that CRP with low porosity (∼5%) can cope with severe rainfall run-off volumes. The suitability of using CRP in both light and heavy load bearing applications is demonstrated. The research also shows that the use of CRP allows considerable reductions in pavement depth compared to conventional permeable pavements with reduced material costs.

Journal article

Zhou Y, Lu J, Li J, Cheeseman C, Poon CSet al., 2021, Effect of NaCl and MgCl2 on the hydration of lime-pozzolan blend by recycling sewage sludge ash, JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION, Vol: 313, ISSN: 0959-6526

Journal article

Alzeer MIM, Nguyen H, Cheeseman C, Kinnunen Pet al., 2021, Alkali-Activation of synthetic aluminosilicate glass with basaltic composition, Frontiers in Chemistry, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2296-2646

Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are a potential alternative to Portland cement because they can have high strength, good durability and low environmental impact. This paper reports on the structural and mechanical characteristics of aluminosilicate glass with basalt-like compositions, as a feedstock for AAMs. The alkali-activation kinetics, microstructure, and mechanical performance of the alkali activated glass were investigated. The results show that AAMs prepared from basalt glass have high compressive strength (reaching up to 90 MPa after 7 days of hydration) compared to those made using granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). In addition, calorimetry data show that the hydrolysis of the developed glass and subsequent polymerization of the reaction product occur at a faster rate compared to GBFS. Furthermore, the obtained results show that the alkali activation of the developed glass formed sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) intermixed with Ca aluminosilicate hydrate gel (C-A-S-H), while the alkali activation of GBFS resulted in predominantly C-A-S-H gel. The developed glass can be formed from carbonate-free and abundant natural resources such as basalt rocks or mixtures of silicate minerals. Therefore, the glass reported herein has high potential as a new feedstock of AAMs.

Journal article

Zhou Y-F, Lu J-X, Li J-S, Cheeseman C, Poon CSet al., 2021, Hydration, mechanical properties and microstructure of lime-pozzolana pastes by recycling waste sludge ash under marine environment, JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION, Vol: 310, ISSN: 0959-6526

Journal article

Wu C, Chen C, Cheeseman C, 2021, Size Effects on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Plaster and PLA Parts, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING, Vol: 33, ISSN: 0899-1561

Journal article

Guan Y, Hu Z, Zhang Z, Chang J, Bi W, Cheeseman CR, Zhang Tet al., 2021, Effect of hydromagnesite addition on the properties and water resistance of magnesium oxysulfate (MOS) cement, CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH, Vol: 143, ISSN: 0008-8846

Journal article

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