Publications
81 results found
Ryder CL, McQuaid JB, Flamant C, et al., 2015, Advances in understanding mineral dust and boundary layer processes over the Sahara from Fennec aircraft observations, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, Vol: 15, Pages: 8479-8520, ISSN: 1680-7324
The Fennec climate programme aims to improve understanding of the Saharan climate system through a synergy of observations and modelling. We present a description of the Fennec airborne observations during 2011 and 2012 over the remote Sahara (Mauritania and Mali) and the advances in the understanding of mineral dust and boundary layer processes they have provided. Aircraft instrumentation aboard the UK FAAM BAe146 and French SAFIRE (Service des Avions Français Instrumentés pour la Recherche en Environnement) Falcon 20 is described, with specific focus on instrumentation specially developed for and relevant to Saharan meteorology and dust. Flight locations, aims and associated meteorology are described. Examples and applications of aircraft measurements from the Fennec flights are presented, highlighting new scientific results delivered using a synergy of different instruments and aircraft. These include (1) the first airborne measurement of dust particles sizes of up to 300 microns and associated dust fluxes in the Saharan atmospheric boundary layer (SABL), (2) dust uplift from the breakdown of the nocturnal low-level jet before becoming visible in SEVIRI (Spinning Enhanced Visible Infra-Red Imager) satellite imagery, (3) vertical profiles of the unique vertical structure of turbulent fluxes in the SABL, (4) in situ observations of processes in SABL clouds showing dust acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nuclei (IN) at −15 °C, (5) dual-aircraft observations of the SABL dynamics, thermodynamics and composition in the Saharan heat low region (SHL), (6) airborne observations of a dust storm associated with a cold pool (haboob) issued from deep convection over the Atlas Mountains, (7) the first airborne chemical composition measurements of dust in the SHL region with differing composition, sources (determined using Lagrangian backward trajectory calculations) and absorption properties between 2011 and 2012, (8) coincident ozone and
Hu F, Sun J, Brindley HE, et al., 2015, Systems Analysis for Thermal Infrared 'THz Torch' Applications, Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, Vol: 36, Pages: 474-495, ISSN: 1866-6892
The ‘THz Torch’ concept was recently introduced by the authors for providing secure wireless communications over short distances within the thermal infrared (10-100 THz). Unlike conventional systems, thermal infrared can exploit front-end thermodynamics with engineered blackbody radiation. For the first time, a detailed power link budget analysis is given for this new form of wireless link. The mathematical modeling of a short end-to-end link is provided, which integrates thermodynamics into conventional signal and noise power analysis. As expected from the Friis formula for noise, it is found that the noise contribution from the pyroelectric detector dominates intrinsic noise. From output signal and noise voltage measurements, experimental values for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are obtained and compared with calculated predictions. As with conventional communications systems, it is shown for the first time that the measured SNR and measured bit error rate found with this thermodynamics-based system resembles classical empirical models. Our system analysis can serve as an invaluable tool for the development of thermal infrared systems, accurately characterizing each individual channel and, thus, enables the performance of multi-channel ‘THz Torch’ systems to be optimized.
Brindley H, Bantges R, Russell J, et al., 2015, Spectral Signatures of Earth's Climate Variability over 5 Years from IASI, JOURNAL OF CLIMATE, Vol: 28, Pages: 1649-1660, ISSN: 0894-8755
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- Citations: 14
Klueser L, Banks JR, Martynenko D, et al., 2015, Information content of space-borne hyperspectral infrared observations with respect to mineral dust properties, REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT, Vol: 156, Pages: 294-309, ISSN: 0034-4257
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- Citations: 14
Banks JR, Brindley HE, Hobby M, et al., 2014, The daytime cycle in dust aerosol direct radiative effects observed in the central Sahara during the Fennec campaign in June 2011, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 119, Pages: 13861-13876, ISSN: 2169-897X
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- Citations: 15
Newton B, Cowie S, Rijks D, et al., 2014, SOLAR COOKING IN THE SAHEL, BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 95, Pages: 1325-1328, ISSN: 0003-0007
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- Citations: 3
Ansell C, Brindley HE, Pradhan Y, et al., 2014, Mineral dust aerosol net direct radiative effect during GERBILS field campaign period derived from SEVIRI and GERB, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 119, Pages: 4070-4086, ISSN: 2169-897X
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- Citations: 14
Fox N, Green P, Brindley H, et al., 2014, TRACEABLE RADIOMETRY UNDERPINNING TERRESTRIAL AND HELIO-STUDIES (TRUTHS): A BENCMARK MISSION FOR CLIMATE, International Conference on Space Optics (ICSO), Publisher: SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, ISSN: 0277-786X
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- Citations: 1
Wielicki BA, Young DF, Mlynczak MG, et al., 2013, Achieving Climate Change Absolute Accuracy in Orbit, BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 94, Pages: 1519-1539, ISSN: 0003-0007
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- Citations: 196
Banks JR, Brindley HE, Flamant C, et al., 2013, Intercomparison of satellite dust retrieval products over the west African Sahara during the Fennec campaign in June 2011, REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT, Vol: 136, Pages: 99-116, ISSN: 0034-4257
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- Citations: 45
Schepanski K, Flamant C, Chaboureau J-P, et al., 2013, Characterization of dust emission from alluvial sources using aircraft observations and high-resolution modeling, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 118, Pages: 7237-7259, ISSN: 2169-897X
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- Citations: 21
Chan NLA, Brindley HE, Ekins-Daukes NJ, 2013, Impact of individual atmospheric parameters on CPV system power, energy yield and cost of energy, Progress in Photovoltaics, Vol: 22, Pages: 1080-1095, ISSN: 1099-159X
The performance of concentrator photovoltaic systems can be characterised by the power output under reference conditions and the output energy yield under realistic solar illumination. For a range of locations, the frequency distribution of individual atmospheric parameters and their quantitative impact on power output of a concentrator photovoltaic system have been evaluated, with aerosols shown to have a substantial impact on performance at many sites. Limited knowledge of atmospheric parameters results in a difference of up to 75% in simulated energy yield over an annual period and up to 75% deviation in the expected levelised cost of energy.
Banks JR, Brindley HE, 2013, Evaluation of MSG-SEVIRI mineral dust retrieval products over North Africa and the Middle East, REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT, Vol: 128, Pages: 58-73, ISSN: 0034-4257
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- Citations: 50
Ryder CL, Highwood EJ, Rosenberg PD, et al., 2013, Optical properties of Saharan dust aerosol and contribution from the coarse mode as measured during the Fennec 2011 aircraft campaign, ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, Vol: 13, Pages: 303-325, ISSN: 1680-7316
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- Citations: 131
Carboni E, Thomas G, Sayer A, et al., 2012, Intercomparison of desert dust optical depth from satellite measurements, Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, Vol: 5, Pages: 1973-2002
This work provides a comparison of satellite retrievals of Saharan desert dust aerosol optical depth (AOD) during a strong dust event through March 2006. In this event, a large dust plume was transported over desert, vegetated, and ocean surfaces. The aim is to identify the differences between current datasets. The satellite instruments considered are AATSR, AIRS, MERIS, MISR, MODIS, OMI, POLDER, and SEVIRI. An interesting aspect is that the different algorithms make use of different instrument characteristics to obtain retrievals over bright surfaces. These include multi-angle approaches (MISR, AATSR), polarisation measurements (POLDER), single-view approaches using solar wavelengths (OMI, MODIS), and the thermal infrared spectral region (SEVIRI, AIRS). Differences between instruments, together with the comparison of different retrieval algorithms applied to measurements from the same instrument, provide a unique insight into the performance and characteristics of the various techniques employed. As well as the intercomparison between different satellite products, the AODs have also been compared to co-located AERONET data. Despite the fact that the agreement between satellite and AERONET AODs is reasonably good for all of the datasets, there are significant differences between them when compared to each other, especially over land. These differences are partially due to differences in the algorithms, such as assumptions about aerosol model and surface properties. However, in this comparison of spatially and temporally averaged data, it is important to note that differences in sampling, related to the actual footprint of each instrument on the heterogeneous aerosol field, cloud identification and the quality control flags of each dataset can be an important issue.
Chan N, Young T, Brindley H, et al., 2012, Validation of energy prediction method for a concentrator photovoltaic module in Toyohashi Japan, Progress in Photovoltaics, Pages: n/a-n/a
III–V concentrator photovoltaic systems attain high efficiency through the use of series connected multi-junction solar cells. As these solar cells absorb over distinct bands over the solar spectrum, they have a more complex response to real illumination conditions than conventional silicon solar cells. Estimates for annual energy yield made assuming fixed reference spectra can vary by up to 15% depending on the assumptions made. Using a detailed computer simulation, the behaviour of a 20-cell InGaP/In0.01GaAs/Ge multi-junction concentrator system was simulated in 5-min intervals over an entire year, accounting for changes in direct normal irradiance, humidity, temperature and aerosol optical depth. The simulation was compared with concentrator system monitoring data taken over the same period and excellent agreement (within 2%) in the annual energy yield was obtained. Air mass, aerosol optical depth and precipitable water have been identified as atmospheric parameters with the largest impact on system efficiency.
Brindley H, Knippertz P, Ryder C, et al., 2012, A critical evaluation of the ability of the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) thermal infrared red-green-blue rendering to identify dust events: Theoretical analysis, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 117, ISSN: 2169-897X
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- Citations: 71
Chan NLA, Brindley HE, Ekins-Daukes NJ, 2012, Quantifying the Impact of Individual Atmospheric Parameters on CPV System Power and Energy Yield, 38th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC), Publisher: IEEE, Pages: 922-927
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- Citations: 5
Rosario NE, Yamasoe MA, Brindley H, et al., 2011, Downwelling solar irradiance in the biomass burning region of the southern Amazon: Dependence on aerosol intensive optical properties and role of water vapor, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 116, ISSN: 2169-897X
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- Citations: 12
Haywood JM, Johnson BT, Osborne SR, et al., 2011, Motivation, rationale and key results from the GERBILS Saharan dust measurement campaign, QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 137, Pages: 1106-1116, ISSN: 0035-9009
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- Citations: 45
Christopher SA, Gupta P, Johnson B, et al., 2011, Multi-sensor satellite remote sensing of dust aerosols over North Africa during GERBILS, QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 137, Pages: 1168-1178, ISSN: 0035-9009
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- Citations: 20
Haywood JM, Johnson BT, Osborne SR, et al., 2011, Observations and modelling of the solar and terrestrial radiative effects of Saharan dust: a radiative closure case-study over oceans during the GERBILS campaign, QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Vol: 137, Pages: 1211-1226, ISSN: 0035-9009
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- Citations: 26
Chan N, Young T, Brindley H, et al., 2010, VARIATION IN SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE AND THE CONSEQUENCES FOR MULTI-JUNCTION CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEMS, 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, Publisher: IEEE, ISSN: 0160-8371
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- Citations: 1
Brindley HE, Russell JE, 2009, An assessment of Saharan dust loading and the corresponding cloud-free longwave direct radiative effect from geostationary satellite observations, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES, Vol: 114, ISSN: 2169-897X
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- Citations: 55
Clerbaux N, Russell JE, Dewitte S, et al., 2009, Comparison of GERB instantaneous radiance and flux products with CERES Edition-2 data, REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT, Vol: 113, Pages: 102-114, ISSN: 0034-4257
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- Citations: 24
Brindley HE, Russell JE, 2009, The Direct Cloud-free Longwave Radiative Effect of Saharan Dust as observed by the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) Experiment, International Radiation Symposium (IRC/IAMAS), Publisher: AMER INST PHYSICS, Pages: 521-524, ISSN: 0094-243X
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- Citations: 1
Bantges RJ, Russell JE, Harries JE, et al., 2009, A Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget Dataset For Climate Research: First Intercomparison Results Between Data From the GERB-1 &-2 Instruments, International Radiation Symposium (IRC/IAMAS), Publisher: AMER INST PHYSICS, Pages: 513-516, ISSN: 0094-243X
Harries JE, Carli B, Rizzi R, et al., 2008, The Far-Infrared Earth, Reviews of Geophysics, Vol: 46, ISSN: 8755-1209
Clerbaux N, Dewitte S, Bertrand C, et al., 2008, Unfiltering of the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) data. Part I: Shortwave radiation, Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, Vol: 25, Pages: 1087-1105
Brindley HE, Russell JE, 2008, Assessing the errors in shortwave radiative fluxes inferred from the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) instrument in the presence of dust aerosol, JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY, Vol: 47, Pages: 1659-1680, ISSN: 1558-8424
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- Citations: 4
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