Publications
341 results found
Maguire S, Ranmal R, Komulainen S, et al., 2011, Which urgent care services do febrile children use and why?, ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD, Vol: 96, Pages: 810-816, ISSN: 0003-9888
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- Citations: 51
Biarent D, Bingham R, Eich C, et al., 2011, Paediatric Life support in Children vol 13, pg 635, 2010, NOTFALL & RETTUNGSMEDIZIN, Vol: 14, Pages: 303-303, ISSN: 1434-6222
Soliman AR, Maconochie IK, 2011, Review of resuscitation physiology in children, Paediatrics and Child Health, Vol: 21, Pages: 159-162, ISSN: 1751-7222
More than 25% of children survive to hospital discharge after in-hospital cardiac arrests, and 5-10% survive after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation differs in children from adults.Following the Airway, Breathing, Circulation format, this article reviews the physiology of paediatric cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. It addresses the appropriate interventions during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, mechanisms of action of the drugs that are commonly used in advanced life support, and special resuscitation circumstances: premature and newly born infants, traumatic cardiac arrest, ECMO (Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation) CPR.New exciting discoveries in resuscitation science postulate that the key factor in improving outcomes of paediatric cardiac arrest is improving the quality of interventions. Evolving training strategies include simulation training with real-time feedback in simulated scenarios that use high-tech mannequins. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
Fleming S, Thompson M, Stevens R, et al., 2011, Normal ranges of heart rate and respiratory rate in children from birth to 18 years of age: a systematic review of observational studies, LANCET, Vol: 377, Pages: 1011-1018, ISSN: 0140-6736
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- Citations: 737
Maconochie IK, 2011, Primary survey, Emergency Medicine Journal, Vol: 28, Pages: 1-1, ISSN: 1472-0205
Kerr M, Maconochie I, 2010, Intranasal diamorphine usage in paediatric accident and emergency, Current Pediatric Reviews, Vol: 6, Pages: 151-155, ISSN: 1573-3963
Intranasal diamorphine is a rapid, effective, analgesia, with few side effects, giving it multiple advantages over other forms of analgesia. It is also importantly a needle free alternative, acceptable to children, parents and medical staff. Due to these advantages, it is thought to be increasingly used in Paediatric A&E, and possibly the most popular analgesia for severe acute pain, despite being unlicensed. However, there is little quantified data on the extent of its usage. In order to clarify this, we surveyed all 214 NHS A&E departments in England in Wales with the scenario of an uncomplicated long bone fracture. There were 116 responses (75% return rate), showing that 60% of departments were using intranasal opioid (90% diamorphine) as 1st line and 70% as 1st or 2nd line analgesia for long bone fracture. When compared to any other drugs used, intranasal diamorphine was nearly four times more likely to be used as the 1st line analgesia. Despite being unlicensed, intranasal diamorphine is widely accepted and the most commonly used analgesia in Paediatric A&E for acute pain in long bone fracture. This article also reviews the literature on intranasal diamorphine with an emphasis on Paediatric usage. © 2010 Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Biarent D, Bingham R, Eich C, et al., 2010, European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 6. Paediatric life support, NOTFALL & RETTUNGSMEDIZIN, Vol: 13, Pages: 635-664, ISSN: 1434-6222
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- Citations: 15
Mercier J-C, Maconochie I, Sanchez BJ, et al., 2010, 731 Organisation of Paediatric Emergency Care in Europe, Pediatric Research, Vol: 68, Pages: 371-371, ISSN: 0031-3998
Mercier J-C, Maconochie I, Benito Sanchez J, et al., 2010, ORGANISATION OF PAEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE IN EUROPE, Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: 371-371, ISSN: 0031-3998
Biarent D, Bingham R, Eich C, et al., 2010, European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2010 Section 6 Paediatric life support, RESUSCITATION, Vol: 81, Pages: 1364-1388, ISSN: 0300-9572
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- Citations: 227
Hadley G, Maconochie I, Jackson A, 2010, A survey of intranasal medication use in the paediatric emergency setting in England and Wales, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 27, Pages: 553-554, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 8
Visintin C, Mugglestone MA, Fields EJ, et al., 2010, Management of bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in children and young people: summary of NICE guidance, BMJ, Vol: 340, Pages: c3209-c3209, ISSN: 0959-8138
Maconochie I, Ross M, 2010, Head injury (moderate to severe)., BMJ Clin Evid, Vol: 2010
INTRODUCTION: Head injury in young adults is often associated with motor vehicle accidents, violence, and sports injuries. In older adults it is often associated with falls. Severe head injury can lead to secondary brain damage from cerebral ischaemia resulting from hypotension, hypercapnia, and raised intracranial pressure. Severity of brain injury is assessed using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). While about one quarter of people with severe brain injury (GCS score less than 8) will make a good recovery, about one third will die, and one fifth will have severe disability or be in a vegetative state. METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical question: What are the effects of interventions to reduce complications of moderate to severe head injury as defined by Glasgow Coma Scale? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to November 2009 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically, please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). RESULTS: We found 17 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. CONCLUSIONS: In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: antibiotics, anticonvulsants, corticosteroids, hyperventilation, hypothermia, and mannitol.
O'Donnell NA, Wood B, Salter R, et al., 2010, The outcome of new referrals made by paediatric emergency medicine department to children's social services and a survey of the feedback received afterwards, Archives of Disease in Childhood, Vol: 95, Pages: A40-A41, ISSN: 0003-9888
Clark A, Warner J, Lloydhope K, et al., 2010, Development of a national care pathway for children with anaphylaxis, Archives of Disease in Childhood, Vol: 95, Pages: A23.3-A24, ISSN: 0003-9888
Kleinman ME, de Caen AR, Chameides L, et al., 2010, Pediatric basic and advanced life support: 2010 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with Treatment Recommendations, Pediatrics, Vol: 126, Pages: e1261-e1318, ISSN: 1098-4275
Sandell JM, Maconochie IK, Jewkes F, 2009, Prehospital paediatric emergency care: paediatric triage, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 26, Pages: 767-768, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 5
Davies P, Maconochie I, 2009, The relationship between body temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate in children, EMERGENCY MEDICINE JOURNAL, Vol: 26, Pages: 641-643, ISSN: 1472-0205
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- Citations: 68
Chin RFM, Neville BGR, Peckham C, et al., 2009, Socioeconomic deprivation independent of ethnicity increases status epilepticus risk, Epilepsia, Vol: 50, Pages: 1022-1029, ISSN: 0013-9580
<jats:title>Summary</jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:styled-content>Background:</jats:styled-content> </jats:bold> A higher incidence of convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) has been reported in nonwhite compared to white populations. Socioeconomic factors can be intricately involved in observed ethnic “effects,” and the importance of socioeconomic status on health conditions is widely recognized. Understanding the effect of socioeconomic factors on CSE would provide insights into etiology and management, leading to the development of novel prevention strategies.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:styled-content>Methods:</jats:styled-content> </jats:bold> From a population‐based UK study on childhood CSE, we tested the hypothesis that socioeconomic deprivation independent of ethnicity increases the risk of childhood CSE. Home postal codes were used to measure the socioeconomic status of the neighborhood in which patients lived relative to that of the borough in which the neighborhood was located. The child’s ethnicity was reported by parent(s). Relationships between socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and incidence were investigated using Poisson regression analysis.</jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold><jats:styled-content>Results:</jats:styled-content> </jats:bold> A total of 176 children were enrolled. The incidence of CSE in nonwhite children [18.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 13.7–23.3/100,000/year] was 1.8 (95% CI 1.3–2.4) times greater than for white children (10.5, 95% CI 7.9–13.1/100,000/year) (p < 0.0005). Socioeconomic deprivation and Asian ethnicity were independently associated with increased incidence. For each point increase in Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2004, there was a 1.03 cumulative increased relative risk (95% CI 1.01–1.06, p = 0.007). Asian children we
Soar J, 2009, Emergency treatment of anaphylaxis in adults: concise guidance, Clinical Medicine, Vol: 9, Pages: 181-185, ISSN: 1470-2118
Cleugh FM, Maconochie IK, 2009, Management of the multiply injured child, Paediatrics and Child Health, Vol: 19, Pages: 108-113, ISSN: 1751-7222
Injury is the commonest cause of death and morbidity in children and accounts for most attendances at paediatric emergency departments. Optimal management of the multiply injured child relies on anticipation and preparation, followed by a standardized, consistent and structured response from healthcare professionals. Staff must be appropriately trained and supported by a regional tertiary paediatric trauma centre. Initial management involves a primary survey with resuscitation, using an 'ABC' approach, and treatment of life-threatening injuries as they arise. The details of this are outlined in this review, highlighting important child-specific factors. Once stabilized, injured children must be assessed by secondary survey to rule out all possible injuries and, if necessary, transferred to an appropriate tertiary unit. Support from regionalized tertiary centres and ongoing training for staff is paramount in optimizing outcome of the multiply injured child. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Maconochie IK, Baumer JH, Stewart M, 2009, Cochrane review: Fluid therapy for acute bacterial meningitis, Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, Vol: 4, Pages: 15-57, ISSN: 1557-6272
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Acute bacterial meningitis remains a disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. However, with prompt and adequate antimicrobial and supportive treatment, the chances for survival have improved, especially in infants and children. Careful management of fluid and electrolyte balance is an important supportive therapy. Both over‐ and under‐hydration are associated with adverse outcomes.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate differing volumes of fluid given in the initial management of bacterial meningitis.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Search strategy</jats:title><jats:p>We searched the Cochrane Acute Respiratory Infection Group's trials register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (<jats:italic>The Cochrane Library</jats:italic> 2007, Issue 1), MEDLINE (1966 to March 2007), EMBASE (1980 to March 2007), and CINAHL (1982 to February 2007).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Selection criteria</jats:title><jats:p>Randomised controlled trials of differing volumes of fluid given in the initial management of bacterial meningitis were eligible for inclusion.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data collection and analysis</jats:title><jats:p>Six trials were identified in the initial search. On careful inspection three of these met the inclusion criteria. Data were extracted and trials were assessed for quality by all four of the original review authors (one author, R.O.W. has died since the original review, see acknowledgements). Data were combined for meta‐analysis using relative risks for dichotomous data or weighted mean difference for continuous data. A fixed‐effect statistical model was used.</ja
Maconochie IK, Baumer JH, Stewart M, 2009, Summary of ‘Fluid therapy for acute bacterial meningitis’, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials, Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal, Vol: 4, Pages: 58-60, ISSN: 1557-6272
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>This is a summary, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Maconochie IK, Baumer JH, Stewart M. Fluid therapy for acute bacterial meningitis. <jats:italic>Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews</jats:italic> 2008, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD004786. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD004786.pub3.</jats:p><jats:p>Further information for this <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.1002/ebch.313">Cochrane review</jats:ext-link> is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.1002/ebch.304">Commentary</jats:ext-link>. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration</jats:p>
, 2009, Lebensrettende Maßnahmen bei Kindern (Paediatric Life Support, PLS), Der Unfallchirurg, Vol: 112, Pages: 265-293, ISSN: 0177-5537
Taekema HC, Landham PR, Maconochie I, 2009, Towards evidence based medicine for paediatricians. Distinguishing between transient synovitis and septic arthritis in the limping child: how useful are clinical prediction tools?, Arch Dis Child, Vol: 94, Pages: 167-168
Kaplan T, Gill P, Hulbert D, et al., 2009, Practitioners and pathways: a competency framework, EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT HANDBOOK: CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS, Editors: Kaplan, Publisher: ROYAL COLL PSYCHIATRISTS, Pages: 126-143, ISBN: 978-1-904671-73-2
Nager AL, Maconochie IK, 2008, Dehydration and Disorders of Sodium Balance, Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Pages: 782-786, ISBN: 9781416000877
Bradman K, Maconochie I, 2008, Can paediatric early warning score be used as a triage tool in paediatric accident and emergency?, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE, Vol: 15, Pages: 359-360, ISSN: 0969-9546
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- Citations: 31
Maconochie I, Dawood M, 2008, Manchester triage system in paediatric emergency care, BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 337, ISSN: 1756-1833
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- Citations: 4
Salter R, Maconochie I, 2008, Blood sampling through intraosseous needles: Time to stop? Reply, RESUSCITATION, Vol: 79, Pages: 168-169, ISSN: 0300-9572
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- Citations: 1
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