Publications
258 results found
Scott K, 2005, Progressive increase in antimicrobial resistance among invasive isolates of Haemophilus influenzae obtained from children admitted to a hospital in Kilifi, Kenya, from 1994 to 2002, Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Vol: 49, Pages: 3021-3024
Berkley JAG, 2005, Bacteremia among children admitted to a rural hospital in Kenya, New England Journal of Medicine, Vol: 352, Pages: 39-47
Maitland K, Newton CR, 2005, Acidosis of severe falciparum malaria: heading for a shock?, Trends Parasitol, Vol: 21, Pages: 11-16
Bejon JAG, 2005, Invasive Gram-negative bacilli are frequently resistant to standard antibiotics for children admitted to hospital in Kilifi, Kenya, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol: 56, Pages: 232-235
Maitland K, Pamba A, English M, et al., 2005, Randomized trial of volume expansion with albumin or saline in children with severe malaria: preliminary evidence of albumin benefit, Clin Infect Dis, Vol: 40, Pages: 538-545, ISSN: 1058-4838
Maitland B, 2005, Perturbations in electrolyte levels in Kenyan children with severe malaria complicated by acidosis, Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol: 40, Pages: 9-16
Berkley JA, Brent A, Mwangi I, et al., 2004, Mortality among Kenyan children admitted to a rural district hospital on weekends as compared with weekdays., Pediatrics, Vol: 114, Pages: 1737-1738
Maitland K, Marsh K, 2004, Pathophysiology of severe malaria in children, ACTA TROPICA, Vol: 90, Pages: 131-140, ISSN: 0001-706X
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- Citations: 78
Musumba CO, Pamba AO, Sasi PA, et al., 2004, Salicylate poisoning in children: report of three cases., East Afr Med J, Vol: 81, Pages: 159-163, ISSN: 0012-835X
To raise clinicians' awareness of chronic (therapeutic) salicylate poisoning as a common cause of admission in paediatric patients presenting to hospital with respiratory distress (a clinical manifestation of metabolic acidosis) and a history of 'over the counter' treatment with salicylate (Aspirin). We present two complex cases and provide a review of the literature on pathogenesis, clinical presentation and management of salicylate poisoning. A complete history of the illness, including questions on drug use, is vital in assessing the cause of metabolic acidosis in children. Due to the limited options available in managing such patients in many developing countries, emphasis should be placed on prevention of poisoning by educating the community and health care providers.
Holliday M, 2004, Intravenous fluids for seriously ill children [1] (multiple letters), Lancet, Vol: 363, Pages: 241-243
Maitland M, 2004, Malaria, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Vol: 549, Pages: 125-134
Maitland TN, 2004, HLA class-I and class-II allele frequencies and two-locus haplotypes in Melanesians of Vanuatu and New Caledonia, Tissue Antigens, Vol: 64, Pages: 678-686
Pamba K, 2004, Capillary refill: Prognostic value in Kenyan children, Archives of Disease in Childhood, Vol: 89, Pages: 950-955
Otieno K, 2004, Are bedside features of shock reproducible between different observers?, Archives of Disease in Childhood, Vol: 89, Pages: 977-979
Shock is often under-reported in children attending hospitals in developing countries. Readily obtainable features of shock (capillary refill time, temperature gradient, pulse volume, and signs of dehydration) are widely used to help prioritise management in the emergency assessment of critically ill or injured children. However, data are lacking on their validity, including, importantly, reproducibility between observers. Agreement of these signs was examined in 100 consecutive children admitted to a paediatric ward on the coast of Kenya. After an initial training of clinical sign recognition, there was moderate agreement for most features of cardiovascular compromise (delayed capillary refill > or =4 s, kappa = 0.49; and weak pulse volume, kappa = 0.4) and only substantial agreement for temperature gradient (kappa = 0.62). For hydration status, only in the assessment of skin turgor was there a moderate level of agreement (kappa = 0.55). Capillary refill times and assessment of pulse volume recommended by the recent American consensus guidelines achieved only a "low" moderate to poor interrater agreement, questioning the reliability of such parameters.
Pamba K, 2004, Fluid management of severe falciparum malaria in African children, Tropical Doctor, Vol: 34, Pages: 67-70
Maitland TN, 2004, Falciparum malaria: Current therapeutic challenges, Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases, Vol: 17, Pages: 405-412
Maitland M, 2004, Intravenous fluids for seriously ill children., Lancet, Vol: 363, Pages: 242-243
Maitland M, 2004, Hypokalemia in children with severe falciparum malaria, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Vol: 5, Pages: 81-85
Maitland K, Pamba A, Newton CRJC, et al., 2003, Response to volume resuscitation in children with severe malaria., Pediatr Crit Care Med, Vol: 4, Pages: 426-431, ISSN: 1529-7535
OBJECTIVES: To examine whether hypovolemia is an important cause of the acidosis in children with severe malaria. DESIGN: Prospective phase 1 study examining the safety of volume expansion using detailed hemodynamic monitoring. SETTING: High-dependency unit of Kilifi District Hospital on the coast of Kenya. PATIENTS: Kenyan children admitted with clinical features of severe malaria (impaired consciousness or deep breathing) complicated by acidosis (base excess of less than -8). Three groups were considered: severe malarial anemia plus acidosis if hemoglobin of <5 mg/dL and base excess less than -8; moderate malaria acidosis if the base excess was between -8 and -15; severe malaria acidosis if the base excess was less than -15. INTERVENTIONS: Patients received between 10 and 40 mL/kg of either 0.9% normal saline or 4.5% human albumin solution. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 53 children were recruited, and all had evidence of compensated shock at admission, with tachycardia, tachypnea, and prolonged capillary refill time. Mean central venous pressure (se) at admission was 2.9 cm H(2)O (0.5 cm H(2)O); in the severe malaria acidosis group, 44% had hypotension (systolic blood pressure of <80 mm Hg). Improvements of hemodynamic indices and a reduction in acidosis followed administration of either saline or albumin. By 8 hrs, mean central venous pressure had increased to 7.5 cm H(2)O (0.5 cm H(2)O, F = 34.4, p <.001) and was associated with a reduction in mean respiratory rate from 49 to 41 breaths/min (2 to 1 breaths/min, respectively; F = 7.0; p =.009), a reduction in tachycardia from 151 to 141 beats/min (5 to 3 beats/min, respectively; F = 3.4; p =.06), and a reduction in capillary refill time. No child developed evidence of the life threatening complications of pulmonary edema and increased intracranial pressure. CONCLUSIONS: Volume depletion is present at admission in the majority of children with severe malaria complicated by acidosis. Volume exp
Maitland K, Bejon P, Newton CRJC, 2003, Malaria, CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 16, Pages: 389-395, ISSN: 0951-7375
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- Citations: 22
Goodman A, Williams TN, Maitland K, 2003, Ciguatera poisoning in Vanuatu, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Vol: 68, Pages: 263-266, ISSN: 0002-9637
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- Citations: 8
Maitland CRJC, 2003, Severe P. falciparum malaria in Kenyan children: Evidence for hypovolaemia, QJM - Monthly Journal of the Association of Physicians, Vol: 96, Pages: 427-434
Maitland K, Newton CRJC, 2003, Malaria, Conns Current Therapy, 2003 (Conns Current Therapy, 2003), Editors: Robert E Rakel, Rakel, Houston, TX, Publisher: W B Saunders, Pages: 96-104.
Maitland K, Kyes S, Williams TN, et al., 2000, Genetic restriction of <i>Plasmodium</i> <i>falciparum</i> in an area of stable transmission:: an example of island evolution?, PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 120, Pages: 335-343, ISSN: 0031-1820
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- Citations: 17
Maitland K, 2000, Temporal association of chickenpox and meningococcal disease in children: A report of three cases [1], Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics, Vol: 89, Pages: 744-751
Maitland K, 2000, Temporal association of chickenpox and meningococcal disease in children: a report of three cases, Vol: 89, Pages: 744-745
Bastien A, 1999, More on malaria mortality in the Pacific [2] (multiple letters), Parasitology Today, Vol: 15, Pages: 167-168, ISSN: 0169-4758
Williams TN, Maitland K, 1999, Reply from williams and maitland, Parasitol Today, Vol: 15, Pages: 167-168, ISSN: 0169-4758
Williams JB, 1999, Reduced soluble transferrin receptor concentrations in acute malaria in Vanuatu, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol: 60, Pages: 875-878
Alarcon GS, Bradley LA, 1998, Clinical features of ANA-positive and ANA-negative patients with fibromyalgia - Reply, JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY, Vol: 4, Pages: 293-293, ISSN: 1076-1608
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