Imperial College London
Alternate

ProfessorKathMaitland

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery & Cancer

Professor of Tropical Paediatric Infectious Disease
 
 
 
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Contact

 

k.maitland CV

 
 
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Location

 

Based full-time at KEMRI/Wellcome Programme, KenyaQueen Elizabeth and Queen Mary HospitalSt Mary's Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Maitland:2019:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15003.2,
author = {Maitland, K and Ohuma, E and Mpoya, A and Uyoga, S and Hassall, O and Williams, T},
doi = {10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15003.2},
journal = {Wellcome Open Research},
title = {Informing thresholds for paediatric transfusion in Africa: the need for a trial [version 2: peer review: 2 approved]},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15003.2},
volume = {4},
year = {2019}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Background : Owing to inadequate supplies of donor blood for transfusion in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) World Health Organization paediatric guidelines recommend restrictive transfusion practices, based on expert opinion. We examined whether survival amongst hospitalised children by admission haemoglobin and whether this was influenced by malaria infection and/or transfusion. Methods : A retrospective analysis of standardised clinical digital records in an unselected population of children admitted to a rural hospital in Kenya over an 8-year period. We describe baseline parameters with respect to categories of anaemia and outcome (in-hospital death) by haemoglobin (Hb), malaria and transfusion status. Results : Among 29,226 children, 1,143 (3.9%) had profound anaemia (Hb <4g/dl) and 3,469 (11.9%) had severe anaemia (Hb 4-6g/d). In-hospital mortality rate was 97/1,143 (8.5%) if Hb<4g/dl or 164/2,326 (7.1%) in those with severe anaemia (Hb ≥4.0-<6g/dl). Admission Hb <3g/dl was associated with higher risk of death versus those with higher Hbs (OR=2.41 (95%CI: 1.8 - 3.24; P<0.001), increasing to OR=6.36, (95%CI: 4.21–9.62; P<0.001) in malaria positive children. Conversely, mortality in non-malaria admissions was unrelated to Hb level. Transfusion was associated with a non-significant improvement in outcome if Hb<3g/dl (malaria-only) OR 0.72 (95%CI 0.29 - 1.78), albeit the number of cases were too few to show a statistical difference. For those with Hb levels above 4g/dl, mortality was significantly higher in those receiving a transfusion compared to the non-transfused group. For non-malarial cases, transfusion did not affect survival-status, irrespective of baseline Hb level compared to children who were not transfused at higher Hb levels. Conclusion : Although severe anaemia is common among children admitted to hospital in sSA (~16%), our data do not indicate that outcome is improved by transfusion irrespective of malaria status. Given the li
AU  - Maitland,K
AU  - Ohuma,E
AU  - Mpoya,A
AU  - Uyoga,S
AU  - Hassall,O
AU  - Williams,T
DO  - 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15003.2
PY  - 2019///
SN  - 2398-502X
TI  - Informing thresholds for paediatric transfusion in Africa: the need for a trial [version 2: peer review: 2 approved]
T2  - Wellcome Open Research
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15003.2
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/73207
VL  - 4
ER  -
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