ProfessorMarinaGaland

Hassig M, Altwegg K, Balsiger H, Bar-Nun A, Berthelier JJ, Bieler A, Bochsler P, Briois C, Calmonte U, Combi M, De Keyser J, Eberhardt P, Fiethe B, Fuselier SA, Galand M, Gasc S, Gombosi TI, Hansen KC, Jackel A, Keller HU, Kopp E, Korth A, Kuehrt E, Le Roy L, Mall U, Marty B, Mousis O, Neefs E, Owen T, Reme H, Rubin M, Semon T, Tornow C, Tzou C-Y, Waite JH, Wurz Pet al., 2015, Time variability and heterogeneity in the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Science, Vol: 347, ISSN: 0036-8075

Comets contain the best-preserved material from the beginning of our planetary system. Their nuclei and comae composition reveal clues about physical and chemical conditions during the early solar system when comets formed. ROSINA (Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis) onboard the Rosetta spacecraft has measured the coma composition of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko with well-sampled time resolution per rotation. Measurements were made over many comet rotation periods and a wide range of latitudes. These measurements show large fluctuations in composition in a heterogeneous coma that has diurnal and possibly seasonal variations in the major outgassing species: water, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. These results indicate a complex coma-nucleus relationship where seasonal variations may be driven by temperature differences just below the comet surface.

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Vigren E, Galand M, Lavvas P, Eriksson AI, Wahlund J-Eet al., 2015, On the possibility of significant electron depletion due to nanograin charging in the coma of comet 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko near perihelion, Astrophysical Journal, Vol: 798, ISSN: 1538-4357

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Vigren E, Galand M, Yelle RV, Wellbrock A, Coates AJ, Snowden D, Cui J, Lavvas P, Edberg NJT, Shebanits O, Wahlund J-E, Vuitton V, Mandt Ket al., 2014, Ionization balance in Titan's nightside ionosphere, Icarus, Vol: 248, Pages: 539-546, ISSN: 0019-1035

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Moore L, O'Donoghue J, Mueller-Wodarg I, Galand M, Mendillo Met al., 2014, Saturn ring rain: Model estimates of water influx into Saturn's atmosphere, Icarus, Vol: 245, Pages: 355-366, ISSN: 0019-1035

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Vigren E, Galand M, Shebanits O, Wahlund J-E, Geppert WD, Lavvas P, Vuitton V, Yelle RVet al., 2014, INCREASING POSITIVE ION NUMBER DENSITIES BELOW THE PEAK OF ION-ELECTRON PAIR PRODUCTION IN TITAN'S IONOSPHERE, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 786, ISSN: 0004-637X

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• Citations: 10

Galand MIF, Coates A, Cravens T, Wahlund J-Eet al., 2014, Titan's Ionosphere, Titan: Interior, Surface, Atmosphere, and Space Environment, Editors: Mueller-Wodarg, Griffith, Lellouch, Cravens, Publisher: Cambridge University Press, Pages: 376-418, ISBN: 9780521199926

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Badman SV, Branduardi-Raymont G, Galand M, Hess SLG, Krupp N, Lamy L, Melin H, Tao Cet al., 2014, Auroral Processes at the Giant Planets: Energy Deposition, Emission Mechanisms, Morphology and Spectra, Space Science Reviews, Vol: 187, Pages: 99-179, ISSN: 1572-9672

The ionospheric response to auroral precipitation at the giant planets is reviewed,using models and observations. The emission processes for aurorae at radio, infrared, visible,ultraviolet, and X-ray wavelengths are described, and exemplified using ground- andspace-based observations. Comparisons between the emissions at different wavelengths are made, where possible, and interpreted in terms of precipitating particle characteristics oratmospheric conditions. Finally, the spatial distributions and dynamics of the various componentsof the aurorae (moon footprints, low-latitude, main oval, polar) are related to magnetosphericprocesses and boundaries, using theory, in situ, and remote observations, withthe aim of distinguishing between those related to internally-driven dynamics, and thoserelated to the solar wind interaction.

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Matta M, Galand M, Moore L, Mendillo M, Withers Pet al., 2014, Numerical simulations of ion and electron temperatures in the ionosphere of Mars: Multiple ions and diurnal variations, ICARUS, Vol: 227, Pages: 78-88, ISSN: 0019-1035

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• Citations: 59

Snowden D, Yelle RV, Galand M, Coates AJ, Wellbrock A, Jones GH, Lavvas Pet al., 2013, Auroral electron precipitation and flux tube erosion in Titan's upper atmosphere, ICARUS, Vol: 226, Pages: 186-204, ISSN: 0019-1035

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• Citations: 19

Vigren E, Galand M, 2013, PREDICTIONS OF ION PRODUCTION RATES AND ION NUMBER DENSITIES WITHIN THE DIAMAGNETIC CAVITY OF COMET 67P/CHURYUMOV-GERASIMENKO AT PERIHELION, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 772, ISSN: 0004-637X

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• Citations: 43

Ray LC, Galand M, Delamere PA, Fleshman BLet al., 2013, Current-voltage relation for the Saturnian system, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 118, Pages: 3214-3222, ISSN: 2169-9380

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• Citations: 15

Vigren E, Galand M, Yelle RV, Cui J, Wahlund J-E, Agren K, Lavvas PP, Mueller-Wodarg ICF, Strobel DF, Vuitton V, Bazin Aet al., 2013, On the thermal electron balance in Titan's sunlit upper atmosphere, ICARUS, Vol: 223, Pages: 234-251, ISSN: 0019-1035

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• Citations: 34

Lavvas P, Yelle RV, Koskinen T, Bazin A, Vuitton V, Vigren E, Galand M, Wellbrock A, Coates AJ, Wahlund J-E, Crary FJ, Snowden Det al., 2013, Aerosol growth in Titan's ionosphere, PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Vol: 110, Pages: 2729-2734, ISSN: 0027-8424

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• Citations: 114

Cui J, Yelle RV, Strobel DF, Mueller-Wodarg ICF, Snowden DS, Koskinen TT, Galand Met al., 2012, The CH₄ structure in Titan's upper atmosphere revisited, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, Vol: 117, ISSN: 2169-9097

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• Citations: 44

Moore L, Fischer G, Mueller-Wodarg I, Galand M, Mendillo Met al., 2012, Diurnal variation of electron density in Saturn's ionosphere: Model comparisons with Saturn Electrostatic Discharge (SED) observations, ICARUS, Vol: 221, Pages: 508-516, ISSN: 0019-1035

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• Citations: 11

Tinetti G, Beaulieu JP, Henning T, Meyer M, Micela G, Ribas I, Stam D, Swain M, Krause O, Ollivier M, Pace E, Swinyard B, Aylward A, van Boekel R, Coradini A, Encrenaz T, Snellen I, Zapatero-Osorio MR, Bouwman J, Cho JY-K, du Foresto VC, Guillot T, Lopez-Morales M, Mueller-Wodarg I, Palle E, Selsis F, Sozzetti A, Ade PAR, Achilleos N, Adriani A, Agnor CB, Afonso C, Allende Prieto C, Bakos G, Barber RJ, Barlow M, Batista V, Bernath P, Bezard B, Borde P, Brown LR, Cassan A, Cavarroc C, Ciaravella A, Cockell C, Coustenis A, Danielski C, Decin L, De Kok R, Demangeon O, Deroo P, Doel P, Drossart P, Fletcher LN, Focardi M, Forget F, Fossey S, Fouque P, Frith J, Galand M, Gaulme P, Gonzalez Hernandez JI, Grasset O, Grassi D, Grenfell JL, Griffin MJ, Griffith CA, Groezinger U, Guedel M, Guio P, Hainaut O, Hargreaves R, Hauschildt PH, Heng K, Heyrovsky D, Hueso R, Irwin P, Kaltenegger L, Kervella P, Kipping D, Koskinen TT, Kovacs G, La Barbera A, Lammer H, Lellouch E, Leto G, Lopez Valverde MA, Lopez-Puertas M, Lovis C, Maggio A, Maillard JP, Maldonado Prado J, Marquette JB, Martin-Torres FJ, Maxted P, Miller S, Molinari S, Montes D, Moro-Martin A, Moses JI, Mousis O, Nguyen Tuong N, Nelson R, Orton GS, Pantin E, Pascale E, Pezzuto S, Pinfield D, Poretti E, Prinja R, Prisinzano L, Rees JM, Reiners A, Samuel B, Sanchez-Lavega A, Sanz Forcada J, Sasselov D, Savini G, Sicardy B, Smith A, Stixrude L, Strazzulla G, Tennyson J, Tessenyi M, Vasisht G, Vinatier S, Viti S, Waldmann I, White GJ, Widemann T, Wordsworth R, Yelle R, Yung Y, Yurchenko SNet al., 2012, EChO, EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY, Vol: 34, Pages: 311-353, ISSN: 0922-6435

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• Citations: 102

Ray LC, Galand M, Moore LE, Fleshman Bet al., 2012, Characterizing the limitations to the coupling between Saturn's ionosphere and middle magnetosphere, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 117, ISSN: 2169-9380

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• Citations: 16

Morse AD, Altwegg K, Andrews DJ, Auster HU, Carr CM, Galand M, Goesmann F, Gulkis S, Lee S, Richter I, Sheridan S, Stern SA, A'Hearn MF, Feldman P, Parker J, Retherford KD, Weaver HA, Wright IPet al., 2012, The Rosetta campaign to detect an exosphere at Lutetia, PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE, Vol: 66, Pages: 165-172, ISSN: 0032-0633

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• Citations: 9

Arridge CS, Agnor CB, Andre N, Baines KH, Fletcher LN, Gautier D, Hofstadter MD, Jones GH, Lamy L, Langevin Y, Mousis O, Nettelmann N, Russell CT, Stallard T, Tiscareno MS, Tobie G, Bacon A, Chaloner C, Guest M, Kemble S, Peacocke L, Achilleos N, Andert TP, Banfield D, Barabash S, Barthelemy M, Bertucci C, Brandt P, Cecconi B, Chakrabarti S, Cheng AF, Christensen U, Christou A, Coates AJ, Collinson G, Cooper JF, Courtin R, Dougherty MK, Ebert RW, Entradas M, Fazakerley AN, Fortney JJ, Galand M, Gustin J, Hedman M, Helled R, Henri P, Hess S, Holme R, Karatekin O, Krupp N, Leisner J, Martin-Torres J, Masters A, Melin H, Miller S, Mueller-Wodarg I, Noyelles B, Paranicas C, de Pater I, Paetzold M, Prange R, Quemerais E, Roussos E, Rymer AM, Sanchez-Lavega A, Saur J, Sayanagi KM, Schenk P, Schubert G, Sergis N, Sohl F, Sittler EC, Teanby NA, Tellmann S, Turtle EP, Vinatier S, Wahlund J-E, Zarka Pet al., 2012, Uranus Pathfinder: exploring the origins and evolution of Ice Giant planets, EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY, Vol: 33, Pages: 753-791, ISSN: 0922-6435

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• Citations: 42

Chakrabarti S, Jokiaho O-P, Baumgardner J, Cook T, Martel J, Galand Met al., 2012, High-throughput and multislit imaging spectrograph for extended sources, OPTICAL ENGINEERING, Vol: 51, ISSN: 0091-3286

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• Citations: 9

Mueller-Wodarg ICFM, Moore L, Galand M, Miller S, Mendillo Met al., 2012, Magnetosphere-atmosphere coupling at Saturn: 1: Response of thermosphere and ionosphere to steady state polar forcing, Icarus, Vol: 221, Pages: 481 - 494-481 - 494, ISSN: 0019-1035

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Cui J, Yelle RV, Mueller-Wodarg ICF, Lavvas PP, Galand Met al., 2011, The implications of the H₂ variability in Titan's exosphere, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 116, ISSN: 2169-9380

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• Citations: 26

Lanchester B, Jokiaho O-P, Galand M, Ivchenko N, Lummerzheim D, Baumgardner J, Chakrabarti Set al., 2011, Separating and quantifying ionospheric responses to proton and electron precipitation over Svalbard, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 116, ISSN: 2169-9380

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• Citations: 3

Galand M, Moore L, Mueller-Wodarg I, Mendillo M, Miller Set al., 2011, Response of Saturn's auroral ionosphere to electron precipitation: Electron density, electron temperature, and electrical conductivity, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 116, ISSN: 2169-9380

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• Citations: 50

Melin H, Stallard T, Miller S, Gustin J, Galand M, Badman SV, Pryor WR, O'Donoghue J, Brown RH, Baines KHet al., 2011, Simultaneous Cassini VIMS and UVIS observations of Saturn's southern aurora: Comparing emissions from H, H₂ and H₃<SUP>+</SUP> at a high spatial resolution, GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, Vol: 38, ISSN: 0094-8276

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• Citations: 43

Ghail RC, Wilson C, Galand M, Hall D, Cochrane C, Mason P, Helbert J, MontMessin F, Limaye S, Patel M, Stam D, Wahlund J-E, Rocca F, Mather T, Waltham D, Genge M, Paillou P, Mitchell K, Wilson Let al., 2011, EnVision: taking the pulse of our twin planet, Experimental Astronomy: an international journal on astronomical instrumentation and data analysis

EnVision is an ambitious but low-risk response to ESA’s call for a medium-size mission opportunity for a launch in 2022. Venus is the planet most similar to Earth in mass, bulk properties and orbital distance, but has evolved to become extremely hostile to life. EnVision’s 5-year mission objectives are to determine the nature of and rate of change caused by geological and atmospheric processes, to distinguish between competing theories about its evolution and to help predict the habitability of extrasolar planets. Three instrument suites will address specific surface, atmosphere and ionosphere science goals. The Surface Science Suite consists of a 2.2 m2 radar antenna with Interferometer, Radiometer and Altimeter operating modes, supported by a complementary IR surface emissivity mapper and an advanced accelerometer for orbit control and gravity mapping. This suite will determine topographic changes caused by volcanic, tectonic and atmospheric processes at rates as low as 1 mm a − 1. The Atmosphere Science Suite consists of a Doppler LIDAR for cloud top altitude, wind speed and mesospheric structure mapping, complemented by IR and UV spectrometers and a spectrophotopolarimeter, all designed to map the dynamic features and compositions of the clouds and middle atmosphere to identify the effects of volcanic and solar processes. The Ionosphere Science Suite uses a double Langmiur probe and vector magnetometer to understand the behaviour and long-term evolution of the ionosphere and induced magnetosphere. The suite also includes an interplanetary particle analyser to determine the delivery rate of water and other components to the atmosphere.

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Lavvas P, Galand M, Yelle RV, Heays AN, Lewis BR, Lewis GR, Coates AJet al., 2011, Energy deposition and primary chemical products in Titan's upper atmosphere, ICARUS, Vol: 213, Pages: 233-251, ISSN: 0019-1035

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• Citations: 110

Cui J, Galand M, Coates AJ, Zhang TL, Mueller-Wodarg ICFet al., 2011, Suprathermal electron spectra in the Venus ionosphere, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 116, ISSN: 2169-9380

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• Citations: 28

Tinetti G, Cho JY-K, Griffith CA, Grasset O, Grenfell L, Guillot T, Koskinen TT, Moses JI, Pinfield D, Tennyson J, Tessenyi M, Wordsworth R, Aylward A, van Boekel R, Coradini A, Encrenaz T, Snellen I, Zapatero-Osorio MR, Bouwman J, du Foresto VC, Lopez-Morales M, Mueller-Wodarg I, Palle E, Selsis F, Sozzetti A, Beaulieu J-P, Henning T, Meyer M, Micela G, Ribas I, Stam D, Swain M, Krause O, Ollivier M, Pace E, Swinyard B, Ade PAR, Achilleos N, Adriani A, Agnor CB, Afonso C, Prieto CA, Bakos G, Barber RJ, Barlow M, Bernath P, Bezard B, Borde P, Brown LR, Cassan A, Cavarroc C, Ciaravella A, Cockell C, Coustenis A, Danielski C, Decin L, De Kok R, Demangeon O, Deroo P, Doel P, Drossart P, Fletcher LN, Focardi M, Forget F, Fossey S, Fouque P, Frith J, Galand M, Gaulme P, Hernandez JIG, Grassi D, Griffin MJ, Groezinger U, Guedel M, Guio P, Hainaut O, Hargreaves R, Hauschildt PH, Heng K, Heyrovsky D, Hueso R, Irwin P, Kaltenegger L, Kervella P, Kipping D, Kovacs G, La Barbera A, Lammar H, Lellouch E, Leto G, Morales ML, Valverde MAL, Lopez-Puertas M, Lovis C, Maggio A, Maillard J-P, Prado JM, Marquette J-B, Martin-Torres FJ, Maxted P, Miller S, Molinari S, Montes D, Moro-Martin A, Mousis O, Tuong NN, Nelson R, Orton GS, Pantin E, Pascale E, Pezzuto S, Poretti E, Prinja R, Prisinzano L, Reess J-M, Reiners A, Samuel B, Forcada JS, Sasselov D, Savini G, Sicardy B, Smith A, Stixrude L, Strazzulla G, Vasisht G, Vinatier S, Viti S, Waldmann I, White GJ, Widemann T, Yelle R, Yung Y, Yurchenko Set al., 2011, The science of EChO, ASTROPHYSICS OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS: FORMATION, STRUCTURE, AND DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION, Pages: 359-370, ISSN: 1743-9213

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• Citations: 5

Moore L, Mueller-Wodarg I, Galand M, Kliore A, Mendillo Met al., 2010, Latitudinal variations in Saturn's ionosphere: Cassini measurements and model comparisons, JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS, Vol: 115, ISSN: 2169-9380

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• Citations: 22