Publications
635 results found
Wedekind R, Rothwell JA, Viallon V, et al., 2022, Determinants of blood acylcarnitine concentrations in healthy individuals of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition., Clin Nutr, Vol: 41, Pages: 1735-1745
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Circulating levels of acylcarnitines (ACs) have been associated with the risk of various diseases such as cancer and type 2 diabetes. Diet and lifestyle factors have been shown to influence AC concentrations but a better understanding of their biological, lifestyle and metabolic determinants is needed. METHODS: Circulating ACs were measured in blood by targeted (15 ACs) and untargeted metabolomics (50 ACs) in 7770 and 395 healthy participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), respectively. Associations with biological and lifestyle characteristics, dietary patterns, self-reported intake of individual foods, estimated intake of carnitine and fatty acids, and fatty acids in plasma phospholipid fraction and amino acids in blood were assessed. RESULTS: Age, sex and fasting status were associated with the largest proportion of AC variability (partial-r up to 0.19, 0.18 and 0.16, respectively). Some AC species of medium or long-chain fatty acid moiety were associated with the corresponding fatty acids in plasma (partial-r = 0.24) or with intake of specific foods such as dairy foods containing the same fatty acid. ACs of short-chain fatty acid moiety (propionylcarnitine and valerylcarnitine) were moderately associated with concentrations of branched-chain amino acids (partial-r = 0.5). Intake of most other foods and of carnitine showed little association with AC levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that determinants of ACs in blood vary according to their fatty acid moiety, and that their concentrations are related to age, sex, diet, and fasting status. Knowledge on their potential determinants may help interpret associations of ACs with disease risk and inform on potential dietary and lifestyle factors that might be modified for disease prevention.
Dimou N, Omiyale W, Biessy C, et al., 2022, Cigarette smoking and endometrial cancer risk: observational and mendelian randomization analyses, Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, Vol: 31, Pages: OF1-OF10, ISSN: 1055-9965
Background:Current epidemiologic evidence indicates that smoking is associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. However, it is unknown if this association is causal or confounded. To further elucidate the role of smoking in endometrial cancer risk, we conducted complementary observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.Methods:The observational analyses included 286,415 participants enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition and 179,271 participants in the UK Biobank, and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used. In two-sample MR analyses, genetic variants robustly associated with lifetime amount of smoking (n = 126 variants) and ever having smoked regularly (n = 112 variants) were selected and their association with endometrial cancer risk (12,906 cancer/108,979 controls from the Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium) was examined.Results:In the observational analysis, lifetime amount of smoking and ever having smoked regularly were associated with a lower endometrial cancer risk. In the MR analysis accounting for body mass index, a genetic predisposition to a higher lifetime amount of smoking was not associated with endometrial cancer risk (OR per 1-SD increment: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 0.91−1.44). Genetic predisposition to ever having smoked regularly was not associated with risk of endometrial cancer.Conclusions:Smoking was inversely associated with endometrial cancer in the observational analyses, although unsupported by the MR. Additional studies are required to better understand the possible confounders and mechanisms underlying the observed associations between smoking and endometrial cancer.Impact:The results from this analysis indicate that smoking is unlikely to be causally linked with endometrial cancer risk.
Robinson N, Casement J, Gunter MJ, et al., 2022, Anti-cancer therapy is associated with long-term epigenomic changes in childhood cancer survivors, BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER, Vol: 127, Pages: 288-300, ISSN: 0007-0920
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- Citations: 4
Dianatinasab M, Wesselius A, Salehi-Abargouei A, et al., 2022, Dietary fats and their sources in association with the risk of bladder cancer: A pooled analysis of 11 prospective cohort studies, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Vol: 151, Pages: 44-55, ISSN: 0020-7136
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- Citations: 6
Kliemann N, Al Nahas A, Vamos EP, et al., 2022, Ultra-processed foods and cancer risk: from global food systems to individual exposures and mechanisms, BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER, Vol: 127, Pages: 14-20, ISSN: 0007-0920
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- Citations: 16
Kliemann N, Ould Ammar R, Biessy C, et al., 2022, Metabolically-defined body size phenotypes and risk of endometrial cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC), Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention, Vol: 31, Pages: 1359-1367, ISSN: 1055-9965
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for endometrial cancer but whether metabolic dysfunction is associated with endometrial cancer independent of body size is not known. Methods: The association of metabolically-defined body size phenotypes with endometrial cancer risk was investigated in a nested case-control study (817 cases/ 817 controls) within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Concentrations of C-peptide were used to define metabolically healthy (MH; <1st tertile) and metabolically unhealthy (MU; >=1st tertile) status among the control participants. These metabolic health definitions were combined with normal weight (NW; Body Mass Index (BMI)<25kg/m2 or Waist Circumference (WC)<80cm or Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR)<0.8) and overweight (OW; BMI>=25kg/m2 or WC>=80cm or WHR>=0.8) status, generating four phenotype groups for each anthropometric measure: (1)MH/NW, (2)MH/OW (3)MU/NW and (4)MU/OW. Results: In a multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression model, compared with MH/NW individuals, endometrial cancer risk was higher among those classified as MU/NW (OR/WC=1.48; 95%CI 1.05-2.10 and OR/WHR=1.68; 95%CI 1.21-2.35) and MU/OW (OR/BMI=2.38, 95%CI 1.73-3.27; OR/WC=2.69, 95%CI 1.92-3.77 and OR/WHR=1.83, 95%CI 1.32-2.54). MH/OW individuals were also at increased endometrial cancer risk compared to MH/NW individuals (OR/WC=1.94, 95%CI 1.24-3.04). Conclusions: Women with metabolic dysfunction appear to have higher risk of endometrial cancer regardless of their body size. However, overweight status raises endometrial cancer risk even among women with lower insulin levels, suggesting that obesity-related pathways are relevant for the development of this cancer beyond insulin. Impact: Classifying women by metabolic health may be of greater utility in identifying those at higher risk for endometrial cancer than anthropometry per se.
Campbell PT, Newton CC, Jacobs EJ, et al., 2022, Prospective Associations of Hemoglobin A1c and c-peptide with Risk of Diabetes-related Cancers in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort, CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 2, Pages: 653-662
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- Citations: 1
Louca P, Nogal A, Moskal A, et al., 2022, Cross-Sectional Blood Metabolite Markers of Hypertension: A Multicohort Analysis of 44,306 Individuals from the COnsortium of METabolomics Studies, METABOLITES, Vol: 12
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Breeur M, Ferrari P, Dossus L, et al., 2022, Pan-cancer analysis of pre-diagnostic blood metabolite concentrations in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Epidemiological studies of associations between metabolites and cancer risk have typically focused on specific cancer types separately. Here, we designed a multivariate pan-cancer analysis to identify metabolites potentially associated with multiple cancer types, while also allowing the investigation of cancer type-specific associations.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed targeted metabolomics data available for 5,828 matched case-control pairs from cancer-specific case-control studies on breast, colorectal, endometrial, gallbladder, kidney, localized and advanced prostate cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. From pre-diagnostic blood levels of an initial set of 117 metabolites, 33 cluster representatives of strongly correlated metabolites, and 17 single metabolites were derived by hierarchical clustering. The mutually adjusted associations of the resulting 50 metabolites with cancer risk were examined in penalized conditional logistic regression models adjusted for body mass index, using the data shared lasso penalty.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Out of the 50 studied metabolites, <jats:italic>(i)</jats:italic> six were inversely associated with risk of most cancer types: glutamine, butyrylcarnitine, lysophosphatidylcholine a C18:2 and three clusters of phosphatidylcholines (PCs); <jats:italic>(ii)</jats:italic> three were positively associated with most cancer types: proline, decanoylcarnitine and one cluster of PCs; and <jats:italic>(iii)</jats:italic> 10 were specifically associated with particular cancer types, including histidine that was inversely associate
Watts EL, Perez-Cornago A, Fensom GK, et al., 2022, Circulating insulin-like growth factors and risks of overall, aggressive and early-onset prostate cancer: a collaborative analysis of 20 prospective studies and Mendelian randomization analysis, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, ISSN: 0300-5771
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- Citations: 9
Watts EL, Perez-Cornago A, Fensom GK, et al., 2022, Circulating free testosterone and risk of aggressive prostate cancer: Prospective and Mendelian randomisation analyses in international consortia, International Journal of Cancer, Vol: 151, Pages: 1033-1046, ISSN: 0020-7136
Previous studies had limited power to assess the associations of testosterone with aggressive disease as a primary endpoint. Further, the association of genetically predicted testosterone with aggressive disease is not known. We investigated the associations of calculated free and measured total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) with aggressive, overall and early-onset prostate cancer. In blood-based analyses, odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prostate cancer were estimated using conditional logistic regression from prospective analysis of biomarker concentrations in the Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group (up to 25 studies, 14 944 cases and 36 752 controls, including 1870 aggressive prostate cancers). In Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses, using instruments identified using UK Biobank (up to 194 453 men) and outcome data from PRACTICAL (up to 79 148 cases and 61 106 controls, including 15 167 aggressive cancers), ORs were estimated using the inverse-variance weighted method. Free testosterone was associated with aggressive disease in MR analyses (OR per 1 SD = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.08-1.40). In blood-based analyses there was no association with aggressive disease overall, but there was heterogeneity by age at blood collection (OR for men aged <60 years 1.14, CI = 1.02-1.28; Phet = .0003: inverse association for older ages). Associations for free testosterone were positive for overall prostate cancer (MR: 1.20, 1.08-1.34; blood-based: 1.03, 1.01-1.05) and early-onset prostate cancer (MR: 1.37, 1.09-1.73; blood-based: 1.08, 0.98-1.19). SHBG and total testosterone were inversely associated with overall prostate cancer in blood-based analyses, with null associations in MR analysis. Our results support free testosterone, rather than total testosterone, in the development of prostate cancer, including aggressive subgroups.
Georgeson P, Harrison TA, Pope BJ, et al., 2022, Identifying colorectal cancer caused by biallelic <i>MUTYH</i> pathogenic variants using tumor mutational signatures, NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 13
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- Citations: 6
Kohls M, Freisling H, Charvat H, et al., 2022, Impact of cumulative body mass index and cardiometabolic diseases on survival among patients with colorectal and breast cancer: a multi-centre cohort study, BMC Cancer, Vol: 22, ISSN: 1471-2407
BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) and cardiometabolic comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes have been studied as negative prognostic factors in cancer survival, but possible dependencies in the mechanisms underlying these associations remain largely unexplored. We analysed these associations in colorectal and breast cancer patients. METHODS: Based on repeated BMI assessments of cancer-free participants from four European countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and nutrition (EPIC) study, individual BMI-trajectories reflecting predicted mean BMI between ages 20 to 50 years were estimated using a growth curve model. Participants with incident colorectal or breast cancer after the age of 50 years were included in the survival analysis to study the prognostic effect of mean BMI and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) prior to cancer. CMD were defined as one or more chronic conditions among stroke, myocardial infarction, and type 2 diabetes. Hazard ratios (HRs) and confidence intervals (CIs) of mean BMI and CMD were derived using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression for mean BMI and CMD separately and both exposures combined, in subgroups of localised and advanced disease. RESULTS: In the total cohort of 159,045 participants, there were 1,045 and 1,620 eligible patients of colorectal and breast cancer. In colorectal cancer patients, a higher BMI (by 1 kg/m2) was associated with a 6% increase in risk of death (95% CI of HR: 1.02-1.10). The HR for CMD was 1.25 (95% CI: 0.97-1.61). The associations for both exposures were stronger in patients with localised colorectal cancer. In breast cancer patients, a higher BMI was associated with a 4% increase in risk of death (95% CI: 1.00-1.08). CMDs were associated with a 46% increase in risk of death (95% CI: 1.01-2.09). The estimates and CIs for BMI remained similar after adjustment for CMD and vice versa. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that cumula
Murphy N, Song M, Papadimitriou N, et al., 2022, Associations Between Glycemic Traits and Colorectal Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis, JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE, Vol: 114, Pages: 740-752, ISSN: 0027-8874
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- Citations: 17
Chan SSM, Chen Y, Casey K, et al., 2022, Obesity is associated with increased risk of Crohn's disease, but not ulcerative colitis: a pooled analysis of five prospective cohort studies, Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol: 20, Pages: 1048-1058, ISSN: 1542-3565
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It is unclear whether obesity is associated with the development of inflammatory bowel disease despite compelling data from basic science studies. We therefore examined the association between obesity and risk of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS: We conducted pooled analyses of 5 prospective cohorts with validated anthropometric measurements for body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio and other lifestyle factors. Diagnoses of CD and UC were confirmed through medical records or ascertained using validated definitions. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to calculate pooled multivariable-adjusted HRs (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Among 601,009 participants (age range, 18-98 years) with 10,110,018 person-years of follow-up, we confirmed 563 incident cases of CD and 1047 incident cases of UC. Obesity (baseline BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was associated with an increased risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.05-1.71, I2 = 0%) compared with normal BMI (18.5 to <25 kg/m2). Each 5 kg/m2 increment in baseline BMI was associated with a 16% increase in risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05-1.22; I2 = 0%). Similarly, with each 5 kg/m2 increment in early adulthood BMI (age, 18-20 years), there was a 22% increase in risk of CD (pooled aHR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.40; I2 = 13.6%). An increase in waist-hip ratio was associated with an increased risk of CD that did not reach statistical significance (pooled aHR across quartiles, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.97-1.19; I2 = 0%). No associations were observed between measures of obesity and risk of UC. CONCLUSIONS: In an adult population, obesity as measured by BMI was associated with an increased risk of older-onset CD but not UC.
Huang Y, Hua X, Labadie JD, et al., 2022, Genetic variants associated with circulating C-reactive protein levels and colorectal cancer survival: Sex-specific and lifestyle factors specific associations, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Vol: 150, Pages: 1447-1454, ISSN: 0020-7136
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- Citations: 2
Rothwell JA, Murphy N, Bešević J, et al., 2022, Metabolic signatures of healthy lifestyle patterns and colorectal cancer risk in a European cohort, Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol: 20, Pages: e1061-e1082, ISSN: 1542-3565
Background & AimsColorectal cancer risk can be lowered by adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) guidelines. We derived metabolic signatures of adherence to these guidelines and tested their associations with colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer cohort.MethodsScores reflecting adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations (scale, 1–5) were calculated from participant data on weight maintenance, physical activity, diet, and alcohol among a discovery set of 5738 cancer-free European Prospective Investigation into Cancer participants with metabolomics data. Partial least-squares regression was used to derive fatty acid and endogenous metabolite signatures of the WCRF/AICR score in this group. In an independent set of 1608 colorectal cancer cases and matched controls, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were calculated for colorectal cancer risk per unit increase in WCRF/AICR score and per the corresponding change in metabolic signatures using multivariable conditional logistic regression.ResultsHigher WCRF/AICR scores were characterized by metabolic signatures of increased odd-chain fatty acids, serine, glycine, and specific phosphatidylcholines. Signatures were inversely associated more strongly with colorectal cancer risk (fatty acids: OR, 0.51 per unit increase; 95% CI, 0.29–0.90; endogenous metabolites: OR, 0.62 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.50–0.78) than the WCRF/AICR score (OR, 0.93 per unit change; 95% CI, 0.86–1.00) overall. Signature associations were stronger in male compared with female participants.ConclusionsMetabolite profiles reflecting adherence to WCRF/AICR guidelines and additional lifestyle or biological risk factors were associated with colorectal cancer. Measuring a specific panel of metabolites representative of a healthy or unhealthy lifestyle may identify strata of the population at higher risk of colorectal cancer.
Jordahl KM, Shcherbina A, Kim AE, et al., 2022, Beyond GWAS of Colorectal Cancer: Evidence of Interaction with Alcohol Consumption and Putative Causal Variant for the 10q24.2 Region, CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION, Vol: 31, Pages: 1077-1089, ISSN: 1055-9965
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- Citations: 3
Barfield R, Huyghe JR, Lemire M, et al., 2022, Genetic Regulation of DNA Methylation Yields Novel Discoveries in GWAS of Colorectal Cancer, CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION, Vol: 31, Pages: 1068-1076, ISSN: 1055-9965
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- Citations: 1
Wade KH, Yarmolinsky J, Giovannucci E, et al., 2022, Applying Mendelian randomization to appraise causality in relationships between nutrition and cancer, CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL, Vol: 33, Pages: 631-652, ISSN: 0957-5243
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- Citations: 3
Rothwell JA, Mori N, Artaud F, et al., 2022, Colorectal cancer risk following appendectomy: a pooled analysis of three large prospective cohort studies, CANCER COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 42, Pages: 486-489
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- Citations: 4
Harlid S, Van Guelpen B, Qu C, et al., 2022, Diabetes mellitus in relation to colorectal tumor molecular subtypes: A pooled analysis of more than 9000 cases, International Journal of Cancer, Vol: 151, Pages: 348-360, ISSN: 0020-7136
Diabetes is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer. However, colorectal cancer is a heterogeneous disease and it is not well understood whether diabetes is more strongly associated with some tumor molecular subtypes than others. A better understanding of the association between diabetes and colorectal cancer according to molecular subtypes could provide important insights into the biology of this association. We used data on lifestyle and clinical characteristics from the Colorectal Cancer Family Registry (CCFR) and the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO), including 9756 colorectal cancer cases (with tumor marker data) and 9985 controls, to evaluate associations between reported diabetes and risk of colorectal cancer according to molecular subtypes. Tumor markers included BRAF and KRAS mutations, microsatellite instability and CpG island methylator phenotype. In the multinomial logistic regression model, comparing colorectal cancer cases to cancer-free controls, diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer regardless of subtype. The highest OR estimate was found for BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer, n = 1086 (ORfully adj: 1.67, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.36-2.05), with an attenuated association observed between diabetes and colorectal cancer without BRAF-mutations, n = 7959 (ORfully adj: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.19-1.48). In the case only analysis, BRAF-mutation was differentially associated with diabetes (Pdifference = .03). For the other markers, associations with diabetes were similar across tumor subtypes. In conclusion, our study confirms the established association between diabetes and colorectal cancer risk, and suggests that it particularly increases the risk of BRAF-mutated tumors.
Mariosa D, Smith-Byrne K, Richardson TG, et al., 2022, Body size at different ages and risk of six cancers: a Mendelian randomization and prospective cohort study, JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol: 114, Pages: 1296-1300, ISSN: 0027-8874
It is unclear if body weight in early life affects cancer risk independently of adult body weight. To investigate this question for six obesity-related cancers, we performed univariable and multivariable analyses using i) Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and ii) longitudinal analyses in prospective cohorts. Both the MR and longitudinal analyses indicated that larger body size at age 10 was associated with higher risk of endometrial (ORMR=1.61, 95%CI = 1.23–2.11) and kidney cancer (ORMR=1.40, 95%CI = 1.09–1.80). These associations were attenuated after accounting for adult body size in both the MR and cohort analyses. Early life BMI was not consistently associated with the other investigated cancers. The lack of clear independent risk associations suggests that early life BMI influences endometrial and kidney cancer risk mainly through pathways that are common with adult BMI.
Cairat M, Rinaldi S, Navionis A-S, et al., 2022, Circulating inflammatory biomarkers, adipokines and breast cancer risk-a case-control study nested within the EPIC cohort, BMC MEDICINE, Vol: 20, ISSN: 1741-7015
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- Citations: 5
Stepien M, Lopez-Nogueroles M, Lahoz A, et al., 2022, Prediagnostic alterations in circulating bile acid profiles in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER, Vol: 150, Pages: 1255-1268, ISSN: 0020-7136
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- Citations: 13
Archambault AN, Jeon J, Lin Y, et al., 2022, Risk Stratification for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer Using a Combination of Genetic and Environmental Risk Scores: An International Multi-Center Study, JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE, Vol: 114, Pages: 528-539, ISSN: 0027-8874
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- Citations: 16
Balkhiyarova Z, Demirkan A, Pupko I, et al., 2022, Blood metabolite levels have shared genetic effects and affect risk of breast and colorectal cancer, Publisher: KARGER, Pages: 33-33, ISSN: 0001-5652
Pupko I, Demirkan A, Zudina L, et al., 2022, Multi-phenotype GWAS uncovers shared genetic loci between type 2 diabetes, BMI, colorectal, pancreatic, breast and prostate cancers, Publisher: KARGER, Pages: 35-35, ISSN: 0001-5652
Papadimitriou N, Bouras E, van den Brandt PA, et al., 2022, A prospective diet-wide association study for risk of colorectal cancer in EPIC, Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol: 20, Pages: 864-873.e13, ISSN: 1542-3565
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Evidence regarding the association of dietary exposures with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk is not consistent with a few exceptions. Therefore, we conducted a diet-wide association study (DWAS) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) to evaluate the associations between several dietary exposures with CRC risk. METHODS: The association of 92 food and nutrient intakes with CRC risk was assessed in 386,792 participants, 5,069 of whom developed incident CRC. Correction for multiple comparisons was performed using the false discovery rate, and emerging associations were examined in the Netherlands Cohort Study (NLCS). Multiplicative gene-nutrient interactions were also tested in EPIC based on known CRC-associated loci. RESULTS: In EPIC, alcohol, liquor/spirits, wine, beer/cider, soft drinks, and pork were positively associated with CRC, whereas milk, cheese, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, riboflavin, vitamin B6, beta-carotene, fruit, fibre, non-white bread, banana, and total protein intakes were inversely associated. Of these 20 associations, 13 were replicated in NLCS, for which a meta-analysis was performed, namely alcohol (summary HR per 1 SD increment in intake: 1.07; 95%CI:1.04-1.09), liquor/spirits (1.04; 1.02-1.06), wine (1.04;1.02-1.07), beer/cider (1.06;1.04-1.08), milk (0.95;0.93-0.98), cheese (0.96;0.94-0.99), calcium (0.93;0.90-0.95), phosphorus (0.92;0.90-0.95), magnesium (0.95;0.92-0.98), potassium (0.96;0.94-0.99), riboflavin (0.94;0.92-0.97), beta-carotene (0.96;0.93-0.98), and total protein (0.94;0.92-0.97). None of the gene-nutrient interactions were significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm a positive association for alcohol and an inverse association for dairy products and calcium with CRC risk, and also suggest a lower risk at higher dietary intakes of phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, riboflavin, beta-carotene and total protein.
Jacobs I, Taljaard-Krugell C, Wicks M, et al., 2022, Adherence to cancer prevention recommendations is associated with a lower breast cancer risk in black urban South African women, BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION, Vol: 127, Pages: 927-938, ISSN: 0007-1145
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- Citations: 7
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