Publications
177 results found
Abbe OE, Grimes SM, Fowler GD, et al., 2009, Novel sintered glass-ceramics from vitrified oil well drill cuttings, JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE, Vol: 44, Pages: 4296-4302, ISSN: 0022-2461
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- Citations: 8
Chaudhary AJ, Hassan M-U, Grimes SM, 2009, Simultaneous recovery of metals and degradation of organic species: Copper and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T), JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS, Vol: 165, Pages: 825-831, ISSN: 0304-3894
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- Citations: 21
Lateef H, Grimes SM, Chaudhary AJ, et al., 2009, Opportunity to recycle chromium(VI) by <i>in situ</i> electro-oxidation, JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 84, Pages: 584-588, ISSN: 0268-2575
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- Citations: 4
Lateef H, Grimes SM, Kewcharoenwong P, et al., 2009, Ionic liquids in the selective recovery of fatfrom composite foodstuffs, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Vol: 84, Pages: 1681-1687
BACKGROUND: Ionic liquids (ILs) are able to dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic molecules and have potentialapplication in the separation and recovery of valuable components from wastes. The potential for ILs to separate sugar and fatfrom food waste is demonstrated using chocolate as amodel system.RESULTS: The ILs 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (cyanoMIMBr), 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide(propylMIMBr), 1-hexylpyridinium bromide (hexylPyrBr) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (butylMIMCl) weresynthesised by microwave technology and fully characterised by mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric differential scanningcalorimetery, thin layer chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thesolubilities of the fat and carbohydrate components in the ILs are reported for the two main ingredients in chocolate.CyanoMIMBr and propylMIMBr selectively solubilise sugar leaving the fat insoluble. Both cyanoMIMBr and propylMIMBr havebeen used to successfully separate sugars and cocoa butter fat from white, milk and dark chocolate and the Fourier transforminfrared spectra and thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimeter profiles of the extracted fat samples are in goodagreement with reference material data.CONCLUSIONS: The ILs cyanoMIMBr and propylMIMBr are successful in the separation and recovery of fat from white,milk and dark chocolate, as confirmed by FTIR and TG-DSC data.
Lateef H, Grimes S, Kewcharoenwong P, et al., 2009, Separation and recovery of cellulose and ligninusing ionic liquids: a process for recoveryfrom paper-based waste, Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Vol: 84, Pages: 1818-1827
BACKGROUND: The production of paper makes use of cellulose and lignin as a rawmaterial, and almost all cellulose and ligninproduction comes from raw wood materials, contributing to deforestation and resulting in potential environmental harm. It istherefore beneficial to develop technologies for cellulose and lignin recovery for re-use and sustainability of resources.RESULTS: Three imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs), 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (cyanoMIMBr), 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (propylMIMBr) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (butylMIMCl), were synthesised bymicrowave technology and fully characterised bymass spectrometry, thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry, thinlayer chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies. Cellulose and lignin weresoluble in all three ILs with solubility being greatest in cyanoMIMBr. Regeneration of cellulose and lignin was achieved fromsaturated solutions of cellulose in IL and lignin in IL for all three ILs. The ILs propylMIMBr and butylMIMBr have been used forthe first time in the separation and recovery of cellulose and lignin and regeneration of the IL from a mixture of cellulose andlignin in IL. FTIR analysis confirms successful recovery.CONCLUSIONS: This work demonstrates the ability of ILs to separate and recover cellulose and lignin from a mixed system.
Chaudhary AJ, Grimes SM, 2008, A combined photolytic-electrolytic system for the simultaneous recovery of copper and degradation of phenol or 4-chlorophenol in mixed solutions, CHEMOSPHERE, Vol: 72, Pages: 1636-1642, ISSN: 0045-6535
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- Citations: 18
Cebrian Gomez MG, Grimes SM, Moore D, 2008, In-Vessel Composting Of Food Waste –A Catering Waste Management Solution, Communications in Waste and Resource Management, Vol: 9, Pages: 19-23, ISSN: 1754-5714
An economically viable system for converting catering food waste into a high quality compost has been developed. The scientific and technical requirements for composting, with food waste as the main feedstock, and fully compliant with EU regulations, to give a marketable product is described. Chemical and physical analyses of catering food waste show that it does not have the correct composition or consistent particle size for direct use as a composting feedstock. For food waste specifically there is alsoa requirement to achieve high temperatures in the composting process for long enough to destroy any pathogens present. The conversion of food waste to a high grade compost has been achieved in this work by a combination of macerating and dewatering to homogenize the feedstock and reduce the water content, with the addition of a carbon-rich bulking agent to achieve the correct C:N ratio and absorbany excess of water in a closed in-vessel composter. The composting process in a catering establishment trial was completed after 34 weeks without external heating giving a product that had been treated at sufficiently high temperatures to ensure pathogenic depletion to give a high quality product measured against BSI PAS 100 standards.
Lateef H, Grimes S, Morton R, et al., 2008, Extraction of components of composite materials: ionic liquids in the extraction of flame retardants from plastics, Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology, Vol: 83, Pages: 541-545
Chen CC, Chaudhary AJ, Grimes SM, 2007, Treatment of waste CDs to remove the major components, Pages: 2424-2437
The recycling of metallic components of abandoned CDs was investigated. Sodium hydroxide (2 M) was used to be the leach liquor for the leaching of aluminium at 70 -80 °C. The metals and organics were adsorbed on activated carbon which can be regenerated using 2 M HCl aqueous solution. The leaching solution was used to prepare aluminium chloride which was contaminated with iron chloride.
Chen CC, Chaudhary AJ, Grimes SM, 2007, The effect of sodium hydroxide in photolytic and photocatalytic degradation of Acid Blue 29 and Ethyl Violet, DYES AND PIGMENTS, Vol: 73, Pages: 55-58, ISSN: 0143-7208
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- Citations: 4
Grimes SM, Lateef H, Jafari AJ, et al., 2006, Studies of the effects of copper, copper(II) oxide and copper(II) chloride on the thermal degradation of poly(vinyl chloride), POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY, Vol: 91, Pages: 3274-3280, ISSN: 0141-3910
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- Citations: 44
Chaudhary AJ, Ganguli B, Grimes SM, 2006, The regeneration and recycle of chromium etching solutions using concentrator cell membrane technology, CHEMOSPHERE, Vol: 62, Pages: 841-846, ISSN: 0045-6535
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- Citations: 12
Chen CC, Chaudhary AJ, Grimes SM, 2005, Photodegradation of acid blue 29 and ethyl violet in the presence/absence of sodium hydroxide and aluminium ions, Pages: 111-117
The photodegradation of Acid Blue 29 and Ethyl Violet in the presence/absence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and aluminium ions was investigated. The results show that the dyes degrade efficiently in the presence of 2 M NaOH. The addition of titanium dioxide as a catalyst and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, however, does not enhance the degradation rate of the dyes. The presence of aluminium ions (Al3+) in the dye solution retards the
Bland MJ, Grimes SM, Mehta L, 2004, An investigation of compliance with the Environmental Protection (Duty of Care) Regulations 1991, CIWM Scientific & Technical Review, Vol: 5, Pages: 4-10
Chaudhary AJ, Goswami NC, Grimes SM, 2003, Electrolytic removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions, JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 78, Pages: 877-883, ISSN: 0268-2575
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- Citations: 58
Grimes SM, Wheals BB, Mehta LK, et al., 2003, Dual derivatization and GC-MS analysis of phenolic compounds suspected of being xenoestrogens, JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, Vol: 38, Pages: 589-595, ISSN: 1093-4529
Janbey A, Clark W, Noordally E, et al., 2003, Noble metal catalysts for methane removal, Chemosphere -Oxford-, Vol: 52, Pages: 1041-1046, ISSN: 0045-6535
Donaldson JD, Grimes SM, Yasri NG, et al., 2002, Anodic oxidation of the dye materials methylene blue, acid blue 25, reactive blue 2 and reactive blue 15 and the characterisation of novel intermediate compounds in the anodic oxidation of methylene blue, JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 77, Pages: 756-760, ISSN: 0268-2575
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- Citations: 33
Chaudhary AJ, Ganguli B, Grimes SM, 2002, The use of chromium waste sludge for the adsorption of colour from dye effluent streams, JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 77, Pages: 767-770, ISSN: 0268-2575
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- Citations: 12
Hume A, Grimes S, Jackson T, et al., 2002, Implementing producer responsibility: managing end-of-life consumables in an IT-service industry, New York, international symposium on electronics and the environmentMAY 06-09, 2002SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, Publisher: I e e e, Pages: 144-149
Hume A, Grimes S, Boyce J, 2002, Environmental product attributes in end-of-life management in the UK. Part II: problems encountered with informational systems for the management of end-of-life IT and office equipment, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION, Vol: 18, Pages: 126-137, ISSN: 0957-4352
Gritzalis KC, Karaouzas ID, Grimes SM, 2002, The assessment of the ecological status of Pamisos River (Messinia Peloponnese, Greece) based on benthic macroinvertebrate fauna, International conference 'sustainability of aquatic ecosystems'. Stresa Italy, 26 - 28 November 2002, Pages: 152-152
Elphich D, Grimes SM, Tregent M, 2002, Assessment of composting as a waste management option using weighted matrix analysis, CIWM Annual Conference Torbay, UK, June 2002
Collins GJ, Grimes SM, Boyce JG, 2002, A survey of the effects of the UK Packaging Waste Regulations on the environmental performance of companies, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION, Vol: 18, Pages: 271-286, ISSN: 0957-4352
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- Citations: 1
Collins GJ, Grimes SM, Boyce JG, 2002, Developing environmental performance indicators for an information technology systems and services company, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION, Vol: 18, Pages: 260-270, ISSN: 0957-4352
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- Citations: 1
Hume A, Grimes S, Boyce J, 2002, Environmental product attributes in end-of-life management in the UK. Part I: an end-of-life eco-declaration for waste IT and office equipment, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION, Vol: 18, Pages: 109-125, ISSN: 0957-4352
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- Citations: 2
Chaudhary AJ, Grimes SM, Mukhtar-ul-Hassan M, 2001, Simultaneous recovery of copper and degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in aqueous systems by a combination of electrolytic and photolytic processes, CHEMOSPHERE, Vol: 44, Pages: 1223-1230, ISSN: 0045-6535
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- Citations: 29
Chaudhary AJ, Dando SOV, Grimes SM, 2001, Removal of tin from dilute solutions, JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, Vol: 76, Pages: 47-52, ISSN: 0268-2575
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- Citations: 8
Donaldson J D, Elphick D, Grimes S M, et al., 2001, An Action Plan for London’s waste - the Organic Fraction, IWM Journal, Pages: 5-18
Grimes SM, Mehta LK, Ngwang HC, 2001, Chemical kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation of <i>trans</i>-cinnamic, dihydrocinnamic, <i>trans</i>-caffeic, and dihydrocaffeic acids, JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING, Vol: 36, Pages: 1891-1904, ISSN: 1093-4529
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- Citations: 4
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