Imperial College London
Alternate

ProfessorStephenSmith

Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Professor of Bioresource Systems
 
 
 
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Contact

 

+44 (0)20 7594 6051s.r.smith

 
 
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Assistant

 

Miss Judith Barritt +44 (0)20 7594 5967

 
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Location

 

229Skempton BuildingSouth Kensington Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Smith:2021:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142787,
author = {Smith, S and Rigby, H and Dowding, A and Fernandes, A and Humphries, D and Jones, N and Lake, I and Petch, R and Reynolds, C and Rose, M},
doi = {10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142787},
journal = {Science of the Total Environment},
pages = {1--21},
title = {Concentrations of organic contaminants in industrial and municipal bioresources recycled in agriculture in the UK},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142787},
volume = {765},
year = {2021}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Many types of bioresource materials are beneficially recycled in agriculture for soil improvement and as alternative bedding materials for livestock, but they also potentially transfer contaminants into plant and animal foods. Representative types of industrial and municipal bioresources were selected to assess the extent of organic chemical contamination, including: (i) land applied materials: treated sewage sludge (biosolids), meat and bone meal ash (MBMA), poultry litter ash (PLA), paper sludge ash (PSA) and compost-like-output (CLO), and (ii) bedding materials: recycled waste wood (RWW), dried paper sludge (DPS), paper sludge ash (PSA) and shredded cardboard. The materials generally contained lower concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) relative to earlier reports, indicating the decline in environmental emissions of these established contaminants. However, concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) remain elevated in biosolids samples from urban catchments. Polybrominated dibenzo-p dioxins/dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) were present in larger amounts in biosolids and CLO compared to their chlorinated counterparts and hence are of potentially greater significance in contemporary materials. The presence of non ortho polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in DPS was probably due to non-legacy sources of PCBs in paper production. Flame retardent chemicals were one of the most significant and extensive groups of contaminants found in the bioresource materials. Decabromodiphenylether (deca-BDE) was the most abundant polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and may explain the formation and high concentrations of PBDD/Fs detected. Emerging flame retardant compounds, including: decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), were also detected in several of the materials. The profile of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) depended on the type of waste category
AU  - Smith,S
AU  - Rigby,H
AU  - Dowding,A
AU  - Fernandes,A
AU  - Humphries,D
AU  - Jones,N
AU  - Lake,I
AU  - Petch,R
AU  - Reynolds,C
AU  - Rose,M
DO  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142787
EP  - 21
PY  - 2021///
SN  - 0048-9697
SP  - 1
TI  - Concentrations of organic contaminants in industrial and municipal bioresources recycled in agriculture in the UK
T2  - Science of the Total Environment
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142787
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969720363166?via%3Dihub
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/84446
VL  - 765
ER  -
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