@article{Korzeniowski:2016:10.1007/s11548-016-1401-8,
author = {Korzeniowski, P and Barrow, A and Sodergren, M and Hald, N and Bello, F},
doi = {10.1007/s11548-016-1401-8},
journal = {International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery},
pages = {2303--2315},
title = {NOViSE: a virtual natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulator},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11548-016-1401-8},
volume = {11},
year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Purpose: Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) is a novel technique in minimally invasive surgery whereby a flexible endoscope is inserted via a natural orifice to gain access to the abdominal cavity, leaving no external scars. This innovative use of flexible endoscopy creates many new challenges and is associated with a steep learning curve for clinicians. Methods: We developed NOViSE - the first force-feedback enabled virtual reality simulator for NOTES training supporting a flexible endoscope. The haptic device is custom built and the behaviour of the virtual flexible endoscope is based on an established theoretical framework – the Cosserat Theory of Elastic Rods. Results: We present the application of NOViSE to the simulation of a hybrid trans-gastric cholecystectomy procedure. Preliminary results of face, content and construct validation have previously shown that NOViSE delivers the required level of realism for training of endoscopic manipulation skills specific to NOTES Conclusions: VR simulation of NOTES procedures can contribute to surgical training and improve the educational experience without putting patients at risk, raising ethical issues or requiring expensive animal or cadaver facilities. In the context of an experimental technique, NOViSE could potentially facilitate NOTES development and contribute to its wider use by keeping practitioners up to date with this novel surgical technique. NOViSE is a first prototype and the initial results indicate that it provides promising foundations for further development.
AU  - Korzeniowski,P
AU  - Barrow,A
AU  - Sodergren,M
AU  - Hald,N
AU  - Bello,F
DO  - 10.1007/s11548-016-1401-8
EP  - 2315
PY  - 2016///
SN  - 1861-6410
SP  - 2303
TI  - NOViSE: a virtual natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery simulator
T2  - International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11548-016-1401-8
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30436
VL  - 11
ER  - 

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