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  • Journal article
    Cannon R, Kerson C, Hampshire A, Garnera CLet al., 2012,

    Pilot Data Assessing the Functional Integrity of the Default Network in Adult ADHD with fMRI and sLORETA

    , Journal of Neurotherapy
  • Journal article
    Leech R, Braga R, Sharp DJ, 2012,

    Echoes of the brain in posterior cingulate cortex

    , Journal of Neuroscience
  • Journal article
    Hampshire A, Chaudhry AM, Owen AM, Roberts ACet al., 2012,

    Dissociable roles for lateral orbitofrontal cortex and lateral prefrontal cortex during preference driven reversal learning

    , Neuroimage, Vol: 59, Pages: 4102-4112, ISSN: 1095-9572

    One of the archetypal task manipulations known to depend on frontal-lobe function is reversal learning, where a dominant response must be overridden due to changes in the contingencies relating stimuli, responses, and environmental feedback. Previous studies have indicated that the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC), the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (LOFC), the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and the caudate nucleus (CN) all contribute to reversal learning. However, the exact contributions that they make during this cognitively complex task remain poorly defined. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examine which of the cognitive processes that contribute to the performance of a reversal best predicts the pattern of activation within distinct sub-regions of the frontal lobes. We demonstrate that during reversal learning the LOFC is particularly sensitive to the implementation of the reversal, whereas the LPFC is recruited more generally during attentional control. By contrast, the ACC and CN respond when new searches are initiated regardless of whether the previous response is available, whilst medial orbitofrontal cortex (MOFC) activity is correlated with the positive affect of feedback. These results accord well with the hypothesis that distinct components of adaptable behaviour are supported by anatomically distinct components of the executive system.
  • Journal article
    Hampshire A, Highfield RR, Parkin BL, Owen AMet al., 2012,

    Fractionating human intelligence

    , Neuron, Vol: 76, Pages: 1225-1237, ISSN: 1097-4199

    What makes one person more intellectually able than another? Can the entire distribution of human intelligence be accounted for by just one general factor? Is intelligence supported by a single neural system? Here, we provide a perspective on human intelligence that takes into account how general abilities or "factors" reflect the functional organization of the brain. By comparing factor models of individual differences in performance with factor models of brain functional organization, we demonstrate that different components of intelligence have their analogs in distinct brain networks. Using simulations based on neuroimaging data, we show that the higher-order factor "g" is accounted for by cognitive tasks corecruiting multiple networks. Finally, we confirm the independence of these components of intelligence by dissociating them using questionnaire variables. We propose that intelligence is an emergent property of anatomically distinct cognitive systems, each of which has its own capacity.
  • Journal article
    Scott G, Vijayan R, Male P, 2011,

    CHRISTMAS 2011: PROFESSIONAL MATTERS Relevance of the expression "obs stable" in nursing observations: retrospective study

    , BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 343, ISSN: 0959-535X
  • Journal article
    Sharp DJ, Ham TE, 2011,

    Investigating white matter injury after mild traumatic brain injury

    , CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY, Vol: 24, Pages: 558-563, ISSN: 1350-7540
  • Conference paper
    Sharp DJ, Hellyer PJ, Ham T, Bonnelle V, Leech Ret al., 2011,

    Predicting cognitive impairment after traumatic brain injury using machine learning applied to diffusion tensor imaging.

    , Neuroscience 2011
  • Conference paper
    Scott G, Hellyer PJ, Shanahan M, Sharp DJ, Leech Ret al., 2011,

    From structural networks to functional networks via coupled oscillators

    , Neuroscience 2011
  • Conference paper
    Prechtl CG, Scholtz S, Chhina N, Durighel G, Frost G, Bell JD, Goldstone APet al., 2011,

    Insula and Orbitofrontal Cortex Activation to Food Stimuli Predicts Human Food Intake Depending on Nutritional State and Caloric Density

    , 29th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Obesity-Society, Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: S172-S172, ISSN: 1930-7381
  • Journal article
    Scott GPT, Shah P, Wyatt JC, Makubate B, Cross FWet al., 2011,

    Making electronic prescribing alerts more effective: scenario-based experimental study in junior doctors

    , JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION, Vol: 18, Pages: 789-798, ISSN: 1067-5027

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