@article{Daws:2017:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02191,
author = {Daws, RE and Hampshire, A},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02191},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
title = {The reasoning and religiosity is underpinned by a bias for intuitive responses specifically when intuition and logic are in conflict},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02191},
volume = {8},
year = {2017}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - It is well established that religiosity correlates inversely with intelligence. A prominent hypothesis states that this correlation reflects behavioral biases toward intuitive problem solving, which causes errors when intuition conflicts with reasoning. We tested predictions of this hypothesis by analyzing data from two large-scale Internet-cohort studies (combined N = 63,235). We report that atheists surpass religious individuals in terms of reasoning but not working-memory performance. The religiosity effect is robust across sociodemographic factors including age, education and country of origin. It varies significantly across religions and this co-occurs with substantial cross-group differences in religious dogmatism. Critically, the religiosity effect is strongest for tasks that explicitly manipulate conflict; more specifically, atheists outperform the most dogmatic religious group by a substantial margin (0.6 standard deviations) during a color-word conflict task but not during a challenging matrix-reasoning task. These results support the hypothesis that behavioral biases rather than impaired general intelligence underlie the religiosity effect.
AU  - Daws,RE
AU  - Hampshire,A
DO  - 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02191
PY  - 2017///
SN  - 1664-1078
TI  - The reasoning and religiosity is underpinned by a bias for intuitive responses specifically when intuition and logic are in conflict
T2  - Frontiers in Psychology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02191
UR  - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000418338400001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/55756
VL  - 8
ER  - 

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