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Journal articleAdcock IM, Ito K, Barnes PJ, 2005,
Histone deacetylation: an important mechanism in inflammatory lung diseases.
, COPD, Vol: 2, Pages: 445-455, ISSN: 1541-2555Inflammatory lung diseases are characterised by increased expression of multiple inflammatory genes that are regulated by proinflammatory transcription factors, such as NF-kappaB. Gene expression is regulated by modifications such as acetylation of core histones through the concerted action of coactivators such as CBP (cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB)-binding protein) which have intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity and are able to recruit other HAT enzymes. Conversely gene repression is mediated via histone deacetylases (HDAC) and other corepressors. In biopsies from asthmatic subjects there is an increase in HAT activity and some reduction in HDAC activity. Both of these changes are partially reversed by corticosteroid therapy. Corticosteroids switch off inflammatory genes in asthma through a combination of a direct inhibition of HAT activity and by the recruitment of HDAC2 to the activated NF-kappaB-stimulated inflammatory gene complex. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a corticosteroid insensitive disease, there is a reduction in HDAC activity and HDAC2 expression, which may account for the amplified inflammation and resistance to the actions of corticosteroids. The reduction in HDAC2 may be secondary to oxidative and nitrative stress as a result of cigarette smoking and severe inflammation. This may also occur to differing degrees in severe asthma, smoking asthmatic patients and cystic fibrosis. Similar mechanisms may also account for the steroid resistance seen within latent adenovirus infections. The reduction in HDAC activity induced by oxidative stress can be restored by theophylline, acting through specific kinases, which may be able to reverse steroid resistance in COPD and other inflammatory lung diseases. The modulation of HAT/HDAC activity may lead to the development of novel anti-inflammatory approaches to inflammatory lung diseases that are currently difficult to treat.
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Journal articleSaouros S, Edwards-Jones B, Reiss M, et al., 2005,
A novel galectin-like domain from <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> micronemal protein 1 assists the folding, assembly, and transport of a cell adhesion complex
, JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, Vol: 280, Pages: 38583-38591- Cite
- Citations: 63
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Journal articleRicciardolo FLM, Caramori G, Ito K, et al., 2005,
Nitrosative stress in the bronchial mucosa of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
, JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 116, Pages: 1028-1035, ISSN: 0091-6749- Cite
- Citations: 116
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Journal articleWalters MJ, Paul-Clark MJ, McMaster SK, et al., 2005,
Cigarette smoke activates human monocytes by an oxidant-AP-1 signaling pathway: Implications for steroid resistance
, MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 68, Pages: 1343-1353, ISSN: 0026-895X- Cite
- Citations: 76
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Journal articleSnell GI, Holsworth L, Fowler S, et al., 2005,
Occlusion of a broncho-cutaneous fistula with endobronchial one-way valves.
, Ann Thorac Surg, Vol: 80, Pages: 1930-1932Bronchopleural and broncho-cutaneous fistulas can be problematic after lobectomy for tumors or aspergillomas. Closure of the air leak and treatment of infection are essential to allow the fistula to heal. The initial treatment can usually proceed along standard lines, but if the fistula persists, then treatment can be problematic. This report is the first description of the use of multiple Emphasys Medical endobronchial valve prostheses (Emphasys Medical, Inc, CA) to control a previously intractable broncho-cutaneous fistula. The valves have been specifically designed for airway placement as part of a therapeutic approach to severe emphysema. The advantages of using valves in this situation are discussed.
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Journal articleBush A, Davies J, 2005,
Early detection of lung disease in preschool children with cystic fibrosis
, CURRENT OPINION IN PULMONARY MEDICINE, Vol: 11, Pages: 534-538, ISSN: 1070-5287- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 8
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Journal articleGarner TWJ, Walker S, Bosch J, et al., 2005,
Chytrid fungus in Europe
, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol: 11, Pages: 1639-1641, ISSN: 1080-6040 -
Journal articleFisher MC, Hanage WP, de Hoog S, et al., 2005,
Low effective dispersal of asexual genotypes in heterogeneous landscapes by the endemic pathogen <i>Penicillium marneffei</i>
, PLOS PATHOGENS, Vol: 1, Pages: 159-165, ISSN: 1553-7366- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 49
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Journal articleBilolikar H, Nam AR, Rosenthal M, et al., 2005,
Tumour necrosis factor gene polymorphisms and childhood wheezing
, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 26, Pages: 637-646, ISSN: 0903-1936- Cite
- Citations: 42
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Journal articleMeyer V, Spielvogel A, Funk L, et al., 2005,
Alkaline pH-induced up-regulation of the <i>afp</i> gene encoding the antifungal protein (AFP) of <i>Aspergillus giganteus</i> is not mediated by the transcription factor PacC:: possible involvement of calcineurin
, MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS, Vol: 274, Pages: 295-306, ISSN: 1617-4615- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 9
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