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Journal articleEge MJ, Strachan DP, Cookson WOCM, et al., 2011,
Gene-environment interaction for childhood asthma and exposure to farming in Central Europe
, JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 127, Pages: 138-U226, ISSN: 0091-6749- Cite
- Citations: 118
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Journal articleBush A, Davies J, 2011,
The journey of a thousand miles
, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 37, Pages: 8-9, ISSN: 0903-1936 -
Journal articleDeepa B, Abraham E, Cherian BM, et al., 2011,
Structure, morphology and thermal characteristics of banana nano fibers obtained by steam explosion
, BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 102, Pages: 1988-1997, ISSN: 0960-8524- Cite
- Citations: 449
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Journal articleIkem VO, Menner A, Bismarck A, 2011,
Tailoring the mechanical performance of highly permeable macroporous polymers synthesized <i>via</i> Pickering emulsion templating
, SOFT MATTER, Vol: 7, Pages: 6571-6577, ISSN: 1744-683X- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 64
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Journal articleMarth GT, Yu F, Indap AR, et al., 2011,
The functional spectrum of low-frequency coding variation
, GENOME BIOLOGY, Vol: 12, ISSN: 1474-760X- Cite
- Citations: 158
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Journal articleQian H, Kalinka G, Chan KLA, et al., 2011,
Mapping local microstructure and mechanical performance around carbon nanotube grafted silica fibres: Methodologies for hierarchical composites
, NANOSCALE, Vol: 3, Pages: 4759-4767, ISSN: 2040-3364- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 37
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Journal articleEllis T, Adie T, Baldwin GS, 2011,
DNA assembly for synthetic biology: from parts to pathways and beyond
, INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY, Vol: 3, Pages: 109-118, ISSN: 1757-9694- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 226
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Journal articleLiang L, Cao CW, Wang WJ, et al., 2011,
Common Reservoirs for Penicillium marneffei Infection in Humans and Rodents, China
, Emerg Infect Dis, Vol: 17, Pages: 209-214, ISSN: 1080-6040Human penicilliosis marneffei is an emerging infectious disease caused by the fungus Penicillium marneffei. High prevalence of infection among bamboo rats of the genera Rhizomys and Cannomys suggest that these rodents are a key facet of the P marneffei life cycle. We trapped bamboo rats during June 2004-July 2005 across Guangxi Province, China, and demonstrated 100% prevalence of infection. Multi locus genotypes show that P marneffei isolates from humans are similar to those infecting rats and are in some cases identical. Comparison of our dataset with genotypes recovered from sites across Southeast Asia shows that the overriding component of genetic structure in P marneffei is spatial, with humans containing a greater diversity of genotypes than rodents. Humans and bamboo rats are sampling an as-yet undiscovered common reservoir of infection, or bamboo rats are a vector for human infections by acting as amplifiers of infectious dispersal stages.
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Journal articleWaterman RJ, Bidartondo MI, Stofberg J, et al., 2011,
The effects of above- and belowground mutualisms on orchid speciation and coexistence
, American Naturalist, Vol: 177, Pages: E54-E68 -
Journal articleHenk DA, Eagle CE, Brown K, et al., 2011,
Speciation despite globally overlapping distributions in Penicillium chrysogenum: the population genetics of Alexander Fleming's lucky fungus
, Mol Ecol, Vol: 20, Pages: 4288-4301, ISSN: 0962-1083Eighty years ago, Alexander Fleming described the antibiotic effects of a fungus that had contaminated his bacterial culture, kick starting the antimicrobial revolution. The fungus was later ascribed to a putatively globally distributed asexual species, Penicillium chrysogenum. Recently, the species has been shown to be genetically diverse, and possess mating-type genes. Here, phylogenetic and population genetic analyses show that this apparently ubiquitous fungus is actually composed of at least two genetically distinct species with only slight differences detected in physiology. We found each species in air and dust samples collected in and around St Mary's Hospital where Fleming worked. Genotyping of 30 markers across the genome showed that preserved fungal material from Fleming's laboratory was nearly identical to derived strains currently in culture collections and in the same distinct species as a wild progenitor strain of current penicillin producing industrial strains rather than the type species P. chrysogenum. Global samples of the two most common species were found to possess mating-type genes in a near 1:1 ratio, and show evidence of recombination with little geographic population subdivision evident. However, no hybridization was detected between the species despite an estimated time of divergence of less than 1 MYA. Growth studies showed significant interspecific inhibition by P. chrysogenum of the other common species, suggesting that competition may facilitate species maintenance despite globally overlapping distributions. Results highlight under-recognized diversity even among the best-known fungal groups and the potential for speciation despite overlapping distribution.
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