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  • Journal article
    Adcock IM, Ito K, 2000,

    Molecular mechanisms of corticosteroid actions.

    , Monaldi Arch Chest Dis, Vol: 55, Pages: 256-266, ISSN: 1122-0643

    Corticosteroids are the most effective therapy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases such as asthma. Functionally, they act partly by inducing anti-inflammatory genes such as secretary leukocyte proteinase inhibitor, Lipocortin-1 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, but mainly by repression of inflammatory genes, such as cytokines, adhesion molecules, inflammatory enzymes and receptors. They act by binding to a cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which upon binding is activated and rapidly translocates to the nucleus. Within the nucleus, the GR either induces gene transcription by binding to specific deoxyribonucleic acid elements in the promoter/enhancer regions of responsive genes or reduces gene transcription by transrepression. The GR reduces gene transcription by interaction with pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as activation protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappa B. These effects of the GR on gene expression involve changes in the chromatin structure localized to the promoter sites of responsive genes. Many of the detrimental side-effects of corticosteroids are believed to be due to gene induction, leading to the search for novel corticosteroids which can repress inflammatory genes without inducing gene transcription.
  • Journal article
    Davies J, Neth O, Alton E, Klein N, Turner Met al., 2000,

    Differential binding of mannose-binding lectin to respiratory pathogens in cystic fibrosis

    , LANCET, Vol: 355, Pages: 1885-1886, ISSN: 0140-6736
  • Journal article
    Espeso EA, Roncal T, Díez E, Rainbow L, Bignell E, Alvaro J, Suárez T, Denison SH, Tilburn J, Arst HN, Peñalva MAet al., 2000,

    On how a transcription factor can avoid its proteolytic activation in the absence of signal transduction

    , EMBO JOURNAL, Vol: 19, Pages: 2391-2391, ISSN: 0261-4189
  • Journal article
    Espeso EA, Arst HN, 2000,

    On the mechanism by which alkaline pH prevents expression of an acid-expressed gene

    , MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, Vol: 20, Pages: 3355-3363, ISSN: 0270-7306
  • Journal article
    Chabat F, Hansell DM, Yang GZ, 2000,

    Gradient correction and classification of CT lung images for the automated quantification of mosaic attenuation pattern?

    , Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography, Vol: 24, Pages: 437-447
  • Journal article
    Moffatt MF, Traherne JA, Abecasis GR, Cookson WOet al., 2000,

    Single nucleotide polymorphism and linkage disequilibrium within the TCR alpha/delta locus.

    , Hum Mol Genet, Vol: 9, Pages: 1011-1019, ISSN: 0964-6906

    Much attention is being given to the identification of common disease genes through whole-genome linkage disequilibrium (LD) screens with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Simulation studies have suggested that useful LD is unlikely to extend beyond 3 kb, and that > 500,000 SNPs may be needed for comprehensive coverage of the genome. The TCR alpha/delta locus on chromosome 14q contains many V, J and D segments that combine with constant domains to produce either an alpha or a delta chain of the T cell receptor. Multiple SNPs have been recognized within the V segments, and it has been suggested that variation within the locus may modify the course of autoimmune and allergic diseases. We have examined LD within an 850 kb section of the TCR alpha/delta locus on chromosome 14q by typing 24 V gene segment SNPs and two microsatellites. One hundred and fifty-nine nuclear and extended families were genotyped in order to derive haplotypes, and the pair-wise LD between SNPs was investigated in 600 haplotypes from unrelated individuals (the parents). The mean extent of useful LD was much greater than suggested by simulations: significant LD was relatively common at 250 kb and was detectable beyond 500 kb. The mean extent of LD was twice as far between alleles of low frequency than between common alleles. The distribution of LD was highly irregular and concentrated in three distinct islands. The results differ from those obtained by simulation, and if they are typical of other genomic regions, suggest that the minimum number of markers necessary for comprehensive LD mapping may be reduced by at least an order of magnitude.
  • Conference paper
    Mohanty AK, Bismarck A, Aranberri I, Czapla S, Springer J, Misra M, Hinrichsen Get al., 2000,

    Characterization of natural fibers using ζ-potential measurements:: Surface properties and the water uptake behavior of modified jute, sisal, and coir fibers.

    , Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, Pages: U527-U527, ISSN: 0065-7727
  • Conference paper
    Willi O, Barringer L, Bell A, Borghesi M, Davies J, Gaillard R, Iwase A, MacKinnon A, Malka G, Meyer C, Nuruzzaman S, Taylor R, Vickers C, Hoarty D, Gobby P, Johnson R, Watt RG, Blanchot N, Canaud B, Croso H, Meyer B, Miquel JL, Reverdin C, Pukhov A, Meyer-ter-Vehn Jet al., 2000,

    Inertial confinement fusion and fast ignitor studies

    , 17th IAEA Fusion Energy Conference, Publisher: INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Pages: 537-545, ISSN: 0029-5515
  • Journal article
    Espeso EA, Roncal T, Díez E, Rainbow L, Bignell E, Alvaro J, Suárez T, Denison SH, Tilburn J, Arst HN, Peñalva MAet al., 2000,

    On how a transcription factor can avoid its proteolytic activation in the absence of signal transduction

    , EMBO JOURNAL, Vol: 19, Pages: 719-728, ISSN: 0261-4189
  • Journal article
    Arst HN, 2000,

    Apathy rewards misconduct - and everybody suffers

    , NATURE, Vol: 403, Pages: 478-478, ISSN: 0028-0836

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