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Journal articlePapworth S, Milner-Gulland EJ, Slocombe K, 2013,
Hunted Woolly Monkeys (<i>Lagothrix poeppigii</i>) Show Threat-Sensitive Responses to Human Presence
, PLOS ONE, Vol: 8, ISSN: 1932-6203- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 31
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Journal articleXu LJ, Chu W, Graham N, 2013,
Sonophotolytic degradation of dimethyl phthalate without catalyst: Analysis of the synergistic effect and modeling
, WATER RESEARCH, Vol: 47, Pages: 1996-2004, ISSN: 0043-1354- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 43
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Conference paperMunuera L, Kelly N, Hawkes AD, 2013,
System Impacts Of A Large-Scale Rollout Of Heat Pumps In The Uk: Diversity And Peak Loads
, The 3rd International Conference on Microgeneration -
Conference paperKelly N, Hawkes AD, 2013,
Load Management Of Heat Pumps Using Phase Change Heat Storage
, The 3rd International Conference on Microgeneration -
Conference paperHawkes AD, 2013,
Comparative Review Of Policy Support Mechanisms For Microgeneration
, The 3rd International Conference on Microgeneration -
Journal articleCotter CJ, 2013,
Data assimilation on the exponentially accurate slow manifold
, Journal: Philosophical Transactions A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, Vol: 371I describe an approach to data assimilation making use of an explicit map that defines a coordinate system on the slow manifold in the semi-geostrophic scaling in Lagrangian coordinates, and apply the approach to a simple toy system that has previously been proposed as a low-dimensional model for the semi-geostrophic scaling. The method can be extended to Lagrangian particle methods such as Hamiltonian particle–mesh and smooth-particle hydrodynamics applied to the rotating shallow-water equations, and many of the properties will remain for more general Eulerian methods. Making use of Hamiltonian normal-form theory, it has previously been shown that, if initial conditions for the system are chosen as image points of the map, then the fast components of the system have exponentially small magnitude for exponentially long times as ϵ→0, and this property is preserved if one uses a symplectic integrator for the numerical time stepping. The map may then be used to parametrize initial conditions near the slow manifold, allowing data assimilation to be performed without introducing any fast degrees of motion (more generally, the precise amount of fast motion can be selected).
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BookKeirstead J, Shah N, 2013,
Urban Energy Systems: An Integrated Approach
, Publisher: Routledge, ISBN: 9780415529020Energy demands of cities need to be met more sustainably. This book analyses the technical and social systems that satisfy these needs and asks how methods can be put into practice to achieve this.
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Journal articleVandeginste V, John CM, 2013,
DIAGENETIC IMPLICATIONS OF STYLOLITIZATION IN PELAGIC CARBONATES, CANTERBURY BASIN, OFFSHORE NEW ZEALAND
, JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH, Vol: 83, Pages: 226-240, ISSN: 1527-1404- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 30
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Book chapterRein G, 2013,
Smouldering Fires and Natural Fuels
, Fire Phenomena and the Earth System: An Interdisciplinary Guide to Fire Science, Pages: 15-33This chapter argues that smouldering combustion leads to megafires as measured in terms of the total organic material consumed. The chapter reviews the current knowledge on smouldering fires in the Earth system regarding combustion dynamics and chemistry, while highlighting differences with flaming fires. It shows that smouldering combustion of natural ground fuels, like peatlands, leads to the largest and longest burning fires on Earth, and shows that they create a positive feedback mechanism to climate change. It is therefore absolutely crucial for us to expand our limited knowledge of not only flaming, but also particularly of smouldering fires. Flaming wildfires have received much more attention than smouldering fires hitherto; this chapter aims at reversing that trend and contributing new forward-looking ideas to the important study of flameless fires. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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- Citations: 171
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Conference paperBrown NJ, Weiner J, Shaffer MSP, et al., 2013,
Tuneable ZnOCu catalyst system for CO<sub>2</sub> hydrogenation to methanol
, 245th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727 -
Conference paperBakewell CM, Thi-Phuong-Anh C, Haaf M, et al., 2013,
<i>Bis</i>(quinolinolato)aluminium ethyl and yttrium phosphasalen complexes: New <i>iso</i>-selective initiators for <i>rac</i>-lactide ring-opening polymerisation
, 245th National Spring Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS), Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC, ISSN: 0065-7727 -
Journal articleJanssen RAJ, Nelson J, 2013,
Factors Limiting Device Efficiency in Organic Photovoltaics
, ADVANCED MATERIALS, Vol: 25, Pages: 1847-1858, ISSN: 0935-9648- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 520
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Journal articleCoad L, Schleicher J, Milner-Gulland EJ, et al., 2013,
Social and Ecological Change over a Decade in a Village Hunting System, Central Gabon
, CONSERVATION BIOLOGY, Vol: 27, Pages: 270-280, ISSN: 0888-8892- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 53
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Journal articleJenkins GB, Woodward G, Hildrew AG, 2013,
Long-term amelioration of acidity accelerates decomposition in headwater streams.
, Glob Chang Biol, Vol: 19, Pages: 1100-1106, ISSN: 1354-1013The secondary production of culturally acidified streams is low, with a few species of generalist detritivores dominating invertebrate assemblages, while decomposition processes are impaired. In a series of lowland headwater streams in southern England, we measured the rate of cellulolytic decomposition and compared it with values measured three decades ago, when anthropogenic acidification was at its peak. We hypothesized that, if acidity has indeed ameliorated, the rate of decomposition will have accelerated, thus potentially supporting greater secondary production and the longer food chains that have been observed in some well-studied recovering freshwater systems. We used cellulose Shirley test cloth as a standardized bioassay to measure the rate of cellulolytic decomposition, via loss in tensile strength, for 31 streams in the Ashdown Forest over 7 days in summer 2011 and 49 days in winter 2012. We compared this with data from an otherwise identical study conducted in 1978 and 1979. In a secondary study, we determined whether decomposition followed a linear or logarithmic decay and, as Shirley cloth is no longer available, we tested an alternative in the form of readily available calico. Overall mean pH had increased markedly over the 32 years between the studies (from 6.0 to 6.7). In both the previous and contemporary studies, the relationship between decomposition and pH was strongest in winter, when pH reaches a seasonal minimum. As in the late 1970s, there was no relationship in 2011/2012 between pH and decay rate in summer. As postulated, decomposition in winter was significantly faster in 2011/2012 than in 1978/1979, with an average increase in decay rate of 18.1%. Recovery from acidification, due to decreased acidifying emissions and deposition, has led to an increase in the rate of cellulolytic decomposition. This response in a critical ecosystem process offers a potential explanation of one aspect of the limited biological recovery that has been observ
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Journal articleZhong W, Haigh JD, 2013,
The greenhouse effect and carbon dioxide
, WEATHER, Vol: 68, Pages: 100-105, ISSN: 0043-1656- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 34
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Journal articleKong FW, Parpas P, Rustem B, 2013,
Sum of Non-Concave Utilities Maximization for MIMO Interference Systems
, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 12, Pages: 1744-1751, ISSN: 1536-1276 -
Journal articleJiang Y, Rein G, Welch S, et al., 2013,
Modeling fire-induced radiative heat transfer in smoke-filled structural cavities
, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES, Vol: 66, Pages: 24-33, ISSN: 1290-0729- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 3
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Journal articleNuno A, Bunnefeld N, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2013,
Matching observations and reality: using simulation models to improve monitoring under uncertainty in the Serengeti
, JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Vol: 50, Pages: 488-498, ISSN: 0021-8901- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 18
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Journal articleCotter CJ, Cotter SL, Vialard FX, 2013,
Bayesian data assimilation in shape registration
, Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering, Vol: 29In this paper we apply a Bayesian framework to the problem of geodesic curve matching. Given a template curve, the geodesic equations provide a mapping from initial conditions for the conjugate momentum onto topologically equivalent shapes. Here, we aim to recover the well-defined posterior distribution on the initial momentum which gives rise to observed points on the target curve; this is achieved by explicitly including a reparameterization in the formulation. Appropriate priors are chosen for the functions which together determine this field and the positions of the observation points, the initial momentum p0 and the reparameterization vector field ν, informed by regularity results about the forward model. Having done this, we illustrate how maximum likelihood estimators can be used to find regions of high posterior density, but also how we can apply recently developed Markov chain Monte Carlo methods on function spaces to characterize the whole of the posterior density. These illustrative examples also include scenarios where the posterior distribution is multimodal and irregular, leading us to the conclusion that knowledge of a state of global maximal posterior density does not always give us the whole picture, and full posterior sampling can give better quantification of likely states and the overall uncertainty inherent in the problem.
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Journal articleMcIntyre N, Ballard C, Bruen M, et al., 2013,
Modelling the hydrological impacts of rural land use change
, Hydrology Research, ISSN: 0029-1277 -
Journal articleBansal N, Reynolds LX, MacLachlan A, et al., 2013,
Influence of Crystallinity and Energetics on Charge Separation in Polymer-Inorganic Nanocomposite Films for Solar Cells
, SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, Vol: 3, ISSN: 2045-2322- Author Web Link
- Open Access Link
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- Citations: 80
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Journal articleLanzini A, Leone P, Guerra C, et al., 2013,
Durability of anode supported Solid Oxides Fuel Cells (SOFC) under direct dry-reforming of methane
, CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, Vol: 220, Pages: 254-263, ISSN: 1385-8947- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 113
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Journal articleYu W-Z, Graham N, Liu H-J, et al., 2013,
Membrane fouling by Fe-Humic cake layers in nano-scale: Effect of <i>in-situ</i> formed Fe in-situ formed Fe(III) coagulant
, JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE, Vol: 431, Pages: 47-54, ISSN: 0376-7388- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 18
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Journal articleBakewell C, Thi-Phuong-Anh C, Le Goff XF, et al., 2013,
Yttrium Phosphasalen Initiators for <i>rac</i>-Lactide Polymerization
, ORGANOMETALLICS, Vol: 32, Pages: 1475-1483, ISSN: 0276-7333- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 55
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Journal articleDibb GFA, Jamieson FC, Maurano A, et al., 2013,
Limits on the Fill Factor in Organic Photovoltaics: Distinguishing Nongeminate and Geminate Recombination Mechanisms
, JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS, Vol: 4, Pages: 803-808, ISSN: 1948-7185- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 100
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Journal articleEwers RM, Banks-Leite C, 2013,
Fragmentation impairs the microclimate buffering effect of tropical forests
, PLoS One, Vol: 8, Pages: 1-7, ISSN: 1932-6203BackgroundTropical forest species are among the most sensitive to changing climatic conditions, and the forest they inhabit helps to buffer their microclimate from the variable climatic conditions outside the forest. However, habitat fragmentation and edge effects exposes vegetation to outside microclimatic conditions, thereby reducing the ability of the forest to buffer climatic variation. In this paper, we ask what proportion of forest in a fragmented ecosystem is impacted by altered microclimate conditions driven by edge effects, and extrapolate these results to the whole Atlantic Forest biome, one of the most disturbed biodiversity hotspots. To address these questions, we collected above and below ground temperature for a full year using temperature sensors placed in forest fragments of different sizes, and at different distances from the forest edge.Principal FindingsIn the Atlantic forests of Brazil, we found that the buffering effect of forests reduced maximum outside temperatures by one third or more at ground level within a forest, with the buffering effect being stronger below-ground than one metre above-ground. The temperature buffering effect of forests was, however, reduced near forest edges with the edge effect extending up to 20 m inside the forest. The heavily fragmented nature of the Brazilian Atlantic forest means that 12% of the remaining biome experiences altered microclimate conditions.ConclusionsOur results add further information about the extent of edge effects in the Atlantic Forest, and we suggest that maintaining a low perimeter-to-area ratio may be a judicious method for minimizing the amount of forest area that experiences altered microclimatic conditions in this ecosystem.
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Journal articleSkea J, Hourcade J-C, Lechtenboehmer S, 2013,
Climate policies in a changing world context: is a paradigm shift needed?
, CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 1-4, ISSN: 1469-3062- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 5
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Journal articleSkea J, Lechtenboehmer S, Asuka J, 2013,
Climate policies after Fukushima: three views
, CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 36-54, ISSN: 1469-3062 -
Journal articleSkea J, Lechtenboehmer S, Asuka J, 2013,
Climate policies after Fukushima: three views
, CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 36-54, ISSN: 1469-3062- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 15
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Journal articleSkea J, Hourcade J-C, Lechtenboehmer S, 2013,
Climate policies in a changing world context: is a paradigm shift needed?
, CLIMATE POLICY, Vol: 13, Pages: 1-4, ISSN: 1469-3062
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