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Book chapterBohan DA, Raybould A, Mulder C, et al., 2013,
Networking Agroecology: Integrating the Diversity of Agroecosystem Interactions
, ADVANCES IN ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH, VOL 49: ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS IN AN AGRICULTURAL WORLD, Editors: Woodward, Bohan, Publisher: ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC, Pages: 1-67, ISBN: 978-0-12-420002-9- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 50
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BookBohan DA, Woodward G, 2013,
Editorial Commentary: The Potential for Network Approaches to Improve Knowledge, Understanding, and Prediction of the Structure and Functioning of Agricultural Systems PREFACE
, Publisher: ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC, ISBN: 978-0-12-420002-9- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 2
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Journal articleWu B, Yufit V, Campbell J, et al., 2013,
Simulated and experimental validation of a fuel cell-supercapacitor passive hybrid system for electric vehicles
, IET Conference Publications, Vol: 2013The concept of a fuel cell-supercapacitor hybrid system involves the direct coupling of the two devices to achieve the same benefits of hybridisation but without the need for costly DCDC converters. Using an experimentally validated steady state fuel cell model and a transmission line based supercapacitor model, it has been shown that the passive hybridisation allows for efficiency gains of approximately 16% compared to a pure fuel cell system. Under load, the supercapacitors meets the peak power requirement due to their lower impedance giving the FC time to ramp up. Under no load conditions, the fuel cell gradually charges the supercapacitors back to the steady state thermodynamic equilibrium potential. A fast fourier transform analysis of the respective loads under an automotive drive cycle showed that the supercapacitors act as a low pass filter, reducing the magnitude of load oscillations from the fuel cell. This therefore addresses two of the main modes of fuel cell degradation in automotive applications: rapid power cycling and no load idling.
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Journal articleMarinescu M, Wu B, Von Srbik M, et al., 2013,
The effect of thermal gradients on the performance of battery packs in automotive applications
, IET Conference Publications, Vol: 2013Thermal gradients arising inside a battery pack for automotive applications are calculated for 200 A discharge via a multiparticle thermal-electrochemical coupled high fidelity model for a 12P7S 4.8 Ah cell pack. The effect of such gradients at the cell level are studied in a first approximation under a corresponding discharge at 15 A, by discretising the cell into units at fixed temperatures throughout the discharge. The immediate time evolution of load distribution through the various parts of the cell shows a complex behaviour, dependent on parameters such as temperatures, state of charge and load characteristics.
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Journal articleUkkola AM, Prentice IC, 2013,
A worldwide analysis of trends in water-balance evapotranspiration
, HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES, Vol: 17, Pages: 4177-4187, ISSN: 1027-5606- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 50
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Book chapterSolanki SK, Krivova NA, Haigh JD, 2013,
Solar Irradiance Variability and Climate
, ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS, VOL 51, Editors: Faber, VanDishoeck, Publisher: ANNUAL REVIEWS, Pages: 311-351- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 181
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Journal articleDhomse SS, Chipperfield MP, Feng W, et al., 2013,
Stratospheric O-3 changes during 2001-2010: the small role of solar flux variations in a chemical transport model
, ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS, Vol: 13, Pages: 10113-10123, ISSN: 1680-7316- Author Web Link
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- Citations: 21
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Journal articleHughes N, Strachan N, Gross R, 2013,
The structure of uncertainty in future low carbon pathways
, Energy Policy, Vol: 52, Pages: 45-54, ISSN: 0301-4215Low carbon scenario and transition pathway analysis involves the consideration of uncertainties around future technological and social changes. This paper argues that uncertainty can be better understood, and the strategic and policy effectiveness of scenarios or pathways thereby improved, through a systematic categorisation of the different kinds of certain and uncertain elements of which the future is comprised. To achieve this, this paper makes two novel methodological contributions. First it proposes a system conceptualisation which is based on a detailed description of the dynamics of the actors and institutions relevant to the system under study, iteratively linked to a detailed representation of the technological system. Second, it argues that as a result of developing this actor-based low carbon scenarios approach it is possible to characterise future elements of the system as either pre-determined, actor contingent or non-actor contingent. An outline scenario approach is presented, based on these two contributions. It emerges that the different categories of future element are associated with different types of uncertainty and each prompt different strategic policy responses. This categorisation of future elements therefore clarifies the relationship of scenario content to specific types of policy response, and thus improves the policy tractability of resulting scenarios.
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Journal articleAlhajaj A, Mac Dowell N, Shah N, 2013,
Multiscale Design and Analysis of CO₂ Capture, Transport and Storage Networks
, Energy Procedia, Vol: 37, Pages: 2552-2561, ISSN: 1876-6102 -
Journal articleJackson CA-L, Chua ST, Bell RE, et al., 2013,
Structural style and early stage growth of inversion structures: 3D seismic insights from the Egersund Basin, offshore Norway
, Journal of Structural Geology, Vol: 46, Pages: 167-185 -
Journal articleJacobs CT, Collins GS, Piggott MD, et al., 2013,
Multiphase flow modelling of volcanic ash particle settling in water using adaptive unstructured meshes
, Geophysical Journal International, Vol: 192, Pages: 647-665Small-scale experiments of volcanic ash particle settling in water have demonstrated that ash particles can either settle slowly and individually, or rapidly and collectively as a gravitationally unstable ash-laden plume. This has important implications for the emplacement of tephra deposits on the seabed. Numerical modelling has the potential to extend the results of laboratory experiments to larger scales and explore the conditions under which plumes may form and persist, but many existing models are computationally restricted by the fixed mesh approaches that they employ. In contrast, this paper presents a new multiphase flow model that uses an adaptive unstructured mesh approach. As a simulation progresses, the mesh is optimized to focus numerical resolution in areas important to the dynamics and decrease it where it is not needed, thereby potentially reducing computational requirements. Model verification is performed using the method of manufactured solutions, which shows the correct solution convergence rates. Model validation and application considers 2-D simulations of plume formation in a water tank which replicate published laboratory experiments. The numerically predicted settling velocities for both individual particles and plumes, as well as instability behaviour, agree well with experimental data and observations. Plume settling is clearly hindered by the presence of a salinity gradient, and its influence must therefore be taken into account when considering particles in bodies of saline water. Furthermore, individual particles settle in the laminar flow regime while plume settling is shown (by plume Reynolds numbers greater than unity) to be in the turbulent flow regime, which has a significant impact on entrainment and settling rates. Mesh adaptivity maintains solution accuracy while providing a substantial reduction in computational requirements when compared to the same simulation performed using a fixed mesh, highlighting the benefits of an adapt
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Journal articleHassan MHA, Johnson HD, Allison PA, et al., 2013,
Sedimentology and stratigraphic development of the upper Nyalu Formation (Early Miocence), Sarawak, Malaysia: A mixed wave and tide influenced coastal system
, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences -
Journal articleHayes-Labruto L, Schillebeeckx SJD, Workman M, et al., 2013,
Contrasting Perspectives on China's Rare Earth Policies: Reframing the Debate through a Stakeholder Lens
, Energy PolicyThis article critically compares China’s rare earth policy with perspectives upheld in the rest of the world (ROW). We introduce rare earth elements and their importance for energy and present how China and the ROW are framing the policy debate. We find strongly dissonant views with regards to motives for foreign direct investment, China’s two-tiered pricing structure and its questionable innovation potential. Using the metaphor of “China Inc.”, we compare the Chinese government to a socially responsible corporation that aims to balance the needs of its internal stakeholders with the demands from a resource-dependent world. We find that China’s internal stakeholders have more power and legitimacy in the REE debate than the ROW and reconceptualise various possible mitigation strategies that could change current international policy and market dynamics. As such, we aim to reframe the perspectives that seem to govern the West and argue in favour of policy formation that explicitly acknowledges China’s triple bottom line ambitions and encourages the ROW to engage with China in a more nuanced manner.
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Journal articleAllen PA, Armitage JJ, Carter A, et al., 2013,
The Qs problem: Sediment volumetric balance of proximal foreland basin systems
, SEDIMENTOLOGY, Vol: 60, Pages: 102-130 -
Book chapterMumford JD, Carrasco LR, 2013,
Economics of Transgenic Insects for Field Release
, Transgenic Insects, Editors: Benedict, United Kingdom, Publisher: CABI -
Journal articleWestacott P, Tumbleston JR, Shoaee S, et al., 2013,
On the role of intermixed phases in organic photovoltaic blends
, Energy & Environmental Science, ISSN: 1754-5692 -
Journal articleBrandt A, Grasvik J, Hallett JP, et al., 2013,
Deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids
, Green Chem., Vol: 15, Pages: 550-583-550-583This paper reviews the application of ionic liquids to the deconstruction and fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass, in a process step that is commonly called pretreatment. It is divided into four parts: the first gives background information on lignocellulosic biomass and ionic liquids; the second focuses on the solubility of lignocellulosic biomass (and the individual biopolymers within it) in ionic liquids; the third emphasises the deconstruction effects brought about by the use of ionic liquids as a solvent; the fourth part deals with practical considerations regarding the design of ionic liquid based deconstruction processes.
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Book chapterReich S, Cotter CJ, 2013,
Ensemble filter techniques for intermittent data assimilation
, Large Scale Inverse Problems. Computational Methods and Applications in the Earth Sciences, Editors: Cullen, Freitag, Kindermann, Scheichl, Publisher: Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, Pages: 1-46 -
Journal articleJones GA, Kendall J-M, Bastow ID, et al., 2013,
On locating microseismic events using borehole data
, Geophysical Prospecting, Pages: 1-16 -
Conference paperBertolli C, Betts A, Mudalige GR, et al., 2013,
Compiler optimizations for industrial unstructured mesh CFD applications on GPUs
, International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing (LCPC), Publisher: Springer, Pages: 112-126 -
Book chapterWaterman RJ, Klooster MR, Hentrich H, et al., 2013,
Species interactions of mycoheterotrophic plants: specialization and its potential consequences.
, Mycoheterotrophy, Editors: Merckx, New York, Publisher: Springer, Pages: 267-296, ISBN: 978-1-4614-5209-6 -
Book chapterGennaioli C, Martin R, Muuls M, 2013,
Using micro data to examine causal effects of climate policy
, Handbook on Energy and Climate Change -
Journal articleArmitage JJ, Dunkley Jones T, Duller RA, et al., 2013,
Temporal buffering of climate-driven sediment flux cycles by transient catchment response
, EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS, Vol: 369-370, Pages: 200-210 -
Journal articlePapworth S, Milner-Gulland EJ, Slocombe K, 2013,
Correction: Hunted Woolly Monkeys (Lagothrix poeppigii) Show Threat-Sensitive Responses to Human Presence.
, PLoS One, Vol: 8[This corrects the article on p. e62000 in vol. 8.].
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Conference paperReeve MT, Bell RE, Jackson CA-L, 2013,
The influence of Caledonian structures on Late Jurassic faulting offshore western Norway: new insights from 3D seismic reflection data, STUDENT ORAL PRESENTATION PRIZE WINNER
, Tectonic Studies Group Annual Meeting -
Conference paperBell RE, Jackson CA-L, Whipp PS, et al., 2013,
Quantifying the timing and magnitude of fault reactivation in the northern North Sea
, Tectonic Studies Group Annual Meeting -
Conference paperBell RE, McNeill LC, Nixon C, et al., 2013,
Basin evolution and the distribution of strain within the Gulf of Corinthrift
, EGU General Assembly -
Journal articleDarbyshire FA, Eaton DW, Bastow ID, 2013,
Seismic imaging of the lithosphere beneath Hudson Bay: Episodic growth of the Laurentian mantle keel
, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol: 373, Pages: 179-193 -
Journal articleHowe C, Milner-Gulland EJ, 2013,
Response to Cunningham, S. and King, L. (2013)
, Animal Conservation, Vol: 16, Pages: 139-140 -
Journal articleTroxler Y, Wu B, Marinescu M, et al., 2013,
The effect of thermal gradients on the performance of lithium ion batteries
, Journal of Power Sources, Pages: accepted-accepted, ISSN: 0378-7753Abstract An experimental apparatus is described, in which Peltier elements are used for thermal control of lithium-ion cells under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions, i.e. to induce and maintain thermal gradients. Lithium-ion battery packs for automotive applications consist of hundreds of cells, and depending on the pack architecture, individual cells may experience non-uniform thermal boundary conditions. This paper presents the first study of the impact of artificially induced thermal gradients on cell performance. The charge transfer resistance of a 4.8 Ah is verified to have a strong temperature dependence following the Arrhenius law. Thermal cycling of the cell, combined with slow rate cyclic voltammetry, allows to rapidly identify phase transitions in electrodes, due to the thermal effect of entropy changes. A cell with a temperature gradient maintained across is found to have a lower impedance than one held at the theoretical average temperature. This feature is attributed to details of the inner structure of the cell, and to the non-linear temperature dependence of the charge transfer resistance.
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