@article{Hakola:2020:2058-8585/ab7e16,
author = {Hakola, L and Puerto, AP and Vaari, A and Maaninen, T and Kucernak, A and Viik, S and Smolander, M},
doi = {2058-8585/ab7e16},
journal = {Flexible and Printed Electronics},
pages = {1--12},
title = {Anode ink formulation for a fully printed flexible fuel cell stack},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/ab7e16},
volume = {5},
year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - In fuel cells the underlying reactions take place at the catalyst layers composed of materials favoring the desired electrochemical reactions. This paper introduces a formulation process for a catalyst inkjet ink used as an anode for a fully printed flexible fuel cell stack. The optimal ink formulation was 2.5 wt% of carbon–platinum–ruthenium mixture with 0.5% Nafion concentration in a diacetone alcohol solvent vehicle. The best jetting performance was achieved when 1 wt% binder was included in the ink formulation. Anodes with resistivity of approximately 0.1 Ω cm were inkjet printed, which is close to the commercial anode resistivity of 0.05 Ω cm. The anodes were used in fuel cell stacks that were prepared by utilizing only printing methods. The best five-cell-air-breathing stack showed an open circuit potential under H2/air conditions of 3.4 V. The peak power of this stack was 120 µW cm−2 at 1.75 V, with a resistance obtained from potentiostatic impedance analysis of 295 Ohm cm2. The printed electrodes showed a performance suitable for low-performance solutions, such as powering single-use sensors.
AU  - Hakola,L
AU  - Puerto,AP
AU  - Vaari,A
AU  - Maaninen,T
AU  - Kucernak,A
AU  - Viik,S
AU  - Smolander,M
DO  - 2058-8585/ab7e16
EP  - 12
PY  - 2020///
SN  - 2058-8585
SP  - 1
TI  - Anode ink formulation for a fully printed flexible fuel cell stack
T2  - Flexible and Printed Electronics
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-8585/ab7e16
UR  - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000529191100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
UR  - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2058-8585/ab7e16
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/81482
VL  - 5
ER  - 

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