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  • Patent
    Martin FP, BOULANGE CL, MONTOLIU ROURA I, COLLINO S, Dumas ME, HOLMES E, REZZI SAD, NICHOLSON JK, KOCHHAR Set al., 2014,

    Isovalerylglycine as biomarker for the predisposition for weight gain and obesity

    , WO2014086605

    The present invention relates generally to the field of nutrition and health. In particular, the present invention relates to a new biomarker, its use and a method that allows it to diagnose the likelihood to resist diet induced weight gain, and/or to be susceptible to a diet induced weight gain. For example, the biomarker may be isovalerylglycine.
  • Patent
    MARTIN FP, Boulange CL, Montoliu Roura I, COLLINO S, Dumas ME, Holmes E, REZZI SAD, Nicholson JK, Kochhar Set al., 2014,

    Hexanoylglycine as biomarker for the predisposition for weight gain and obesity

    , WO 2014/086603

    The present invention relates generally to the field of nutrition and health. In particular, the present invention relates to a new biomarker, its use and a method that allows it to diagnose the likelihood to resist diet induced weight gain, and/or to be susceptible to a diet induced weight gain. For example, the biomarker may be hexanoylglycine.
  • Journal article
    Dumas M-E, Kinross J, Nicholson JK, 2014,

    Metabolic Phenotyping and Systems Biology Approaches to Understanding Metabolic Syndrome and Fatty Liver Disease

    , GASTROENTEROLOGY, Vol: 146, Pages: 46-62, ISSN: 0016-5085
  • Journal article
    Molyneaux PL, Mallia P, Cox MJ, Footitt J, Willis-Owen SAG, Homola D, Trujillo-Torralbo M-B, Elkin S, Kon OM, Cookson WOC, Moffatt MF, Johnston SLet al., 2013,

    Outgrowth of the Bacterial Airway Microbiome after Rhinovirus Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

    , AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 188, Pages: 1224-1231, ISSN: 1073-449X
  • Journal article
    Cox MJ, Cookson WOCM, Moffatt MF, 2013,

    Sequencing the human microbiome in health and disease

    , HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS, Vol: 22, Pages: R88-R94, ISSN: 0964-6906
  • Journal article
    Russell WR, Hoyles L, Flint HJ, Dumas MEet al., 2013,

    Colonic bacterial metabolites and human health

    , Current Opinion in Microbiology

    The influence of the microbial–mammalian metabolic axis is becoming increasingly important for human health. Bacterial fermentation of carbohydrates (CHOs) and proteins produces short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and a range of other metabolites including those from aromatic amino acid (AAA) fermentation. SCFA influence host health as energy sources and via multiple signalling mechanisms. Bacterial transformation of fibre-related phytochemicals is associated with a reduced incidence of several chronic diseases. The ‘gut–liver axis’ is an emerging area of study. Microbial deconjugation of xenobiotics and release of aromatic moieties into the colon can have a wide range of physiological consequences. In addition, the role of the gut microbiota in choline deficiency in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance is receiving increased attention.
  • Journal article
    Duff RM, Simmonds NJ, Davies JC, Wilson R, Alton EW, Pantelidis P, Cox MJ, Cookson WOCM, Bilton D, Moffatt MFet al., 2013,

    A molecular comparison of microbial communities in bronchiectasis and cystic fibrosis

    , EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 41, Pages: 991-993, ISSN: 0903-1936
  • Journal article
    Cardenas PA, Cooper PJ, Cox MJ, Chico M, Arias C, Moffatt MF, Cookson WOet al., 2012,

    Upper Airways Microbiota in Antibiotic-Naive Wheezing and Healthy Infants from the Tropics of Rural Ecuador

    , PLOS ONE, Vol: 7, ISSN: 1932-6203
  • Journal article
    Merrifield CA, Lewis MC, Claus SP, Pearce JTM, Cloarec O, Duncker S, Heinzmann SS, Dumas M, Kochhar S, Rezzi S, Mercenier A, Nicholson JK, Bailey M, Holmes Eet al., 2012,

    Weaning diet induces sustained metabolic phenotype shift in the pig and influences host response to Bifidobacterium lactis NCC2818

    , Gut

    Background The process of weaning causes a major shift in intestinal microbiota and is a critical period for developing appropriate immune responses in young mammals.Objective To use a new systems approach to provide an overview of host metabolism and the developing immune system in response to nutritional intervention around the weaning period.Design Piglets (n=14) were weaned onto either an egg-based or soya-based diet at 3 weeks until 7 weeks, when all piglets were switched onto a fish-based diet. Half the animals on each weaning diet received Bifidobacterium lactis NCC2818 supplementation from weaning onwards. Immunoglobulin production from immunologically relevant intestinal sites was quantified and the urinary 1H NMR metabolic profile was obtained from each animal at post mortem (11 weeks).Results Different weaning diets induced divergent and sustained shifts in the metabolic phenotype, which resulted in the alteration of urinary gut microbial co-metabolites, even after 4 weeks of dietary standardisation. B lactis NCC2818 supplementation affected the systemic metabolism of the different weaning diet groups over and above the effects of diet. Additionally, production of gut mucosa-associated IgA and IgM was found to depend upon the weaning diet and on B lactis NCC2818 supplementation.Conclusion The correlation of urinary 1H NMR metabolic profile with mucosal immunoglobulin production was demonstrated, thus confirming the value of this multi-platform approach in uncovering non-invasive biomarkers of immunity. This has clear potential for translation into human healthcare with the development of urine testing as a means of assessing mucosal immune status. This might lead to early diagnosis of intestinal dysbiosis and with subsequent intervention, arrest disease development. This system enhances our overall understanding of pathologies under supra-organismal control.
  • Journal article
    Sim K, Cox MJ, Wopereis H, Martin R, Knol J, Li MS, Cookson WO, Moffatt MF, Kroll JSet al., 2012,

    Improved Detection of Bifidobacteria with Optimised 16S rRNA-Gene Based Pyrosequencing

    , PLoS One, Vol: 7, Pages: e32543-e32543

    The 16S rRNA gene is conserved across all bacteria and as such is routinely targeted in PCR surveys of bacterial diversity. PCR primer design aims to amplify as many different 16S rRNA gene sequences from as wide a range of organisms as possible, though there are no suitable 100% conserved regions of the gene, leading to bias. In the gastrointestinal tract, bifidobacteria are a key genus, but are often under-represented in 16S rRNA surveys of diversity. We have designed modified, 'bifidobacteria-optimised' universal primers, which we have demonstrated detection of bifidobacterial sequence present in DNA mixtures at 2% abundance, the lowest proportion tested. Optimisation did not compromise the detection of other organisms in infant faecal samples. Separate validation using fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) shows that the proportions of bifidobacteria detected in faecal samples were in agreement with those obtained using 16S rRNA based pyrosequencing. For future studies looking at faecal microbiota, careful selection of primers will be key in order to ensure effective detection of bifidobacteria.

This data is extracted from the Web of Science and reproduced under a licence from Thomson Reuters. You may not copy or re-distribute this data in whole or in part without the written consent of the Science business of Thomson Reuters.

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