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  • Journal article
    Ferguson NM, Anderson RM, Garnett GP, 1996,

    Mass vaccination to control chickenpox: the influence of zoster

    , Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol: 93, Pages: 7231-7235, ISSN: 0027-8424

    The impact of transmission events from patients with shingles (zoster) on the epidemiology of varicella is examined before and after the introduction of mass immunization by using a stochastic mathematical model of transmission dynamics. Reactivation of the virus is shown to damp stochastic fluctuations and move the dynamics toward simple annual oscillations. The force of infection due to zoster cases is estimated by comparison of simulated and observed incidence time series. The presence of infectious zoster cases reduces the tendency for mass immunization to increase varicella incidence at older ages when disease severity is typically greater.
  • Journal article
    Garnett GP, Ferguson NM, 1996,

    Predicting the effect of varicella vaccine on subsequent cases of zoster and varicella

    , Rev Med Virol, Vol: 6, Pages: 151-161, ISSN: 1052-9276
  • Journal article
    DONNELLY CA, 1995,

    THE SPATIAL-ANALYSIS OF COVARIATES IN A STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY

    , STATISTICS IN MEDICINE, Vol: 14, Pages: 2393-2409, ISSN: 0277-6715
  • Journal article
    Gregson S, Zhuwau T, Anderson RM, Chimbadzwa T, Chiwandiwa SKet al., 1995,

    Age and religion selection biases in HIV-1 prevalence data from antenatal clinics in Manicaland, Zimbabwe.

    , Cent Afr J Med, Vol: 41, Pages: 339-346, ISSN: 0008-9176

    Sera from 487 women attending antenatal clinics in two areas of Manicaland were tested for the presence of HIV-1 infection. In the Honde Valley and Rusitu Valley areas, 24,3 pc and 14 pc respectively, were found to be infected. HIV-1 infection was found to be associated with age, marital status and location. Younger women, non-married women and women living in the Honde Valley were all more likely to be infected. There was also a weak association with level of education, with women with secondary education being at greater risk of being infected. The unadjusted overall figures for HIV-1 prevalence from the antenatal clinics were shown to provide a poor indication of the relative levels of prevalence of infection in the two study areas because of differences in the age structure and religious affiliations of the antenatal clinic and study populations. Similar problems may exist in sentinel surveillance data and would distort comparisons between locations and over time, especially during periods of rapid fertility change. In particular, the age bias is liable to exaggerate differences between urban and rural populations in developing societies. Where comparable information is available for the general population and sample sizes permit, this problem may be overcome by collecting basic socio-demographic data on the individuals tested and then applying standardization techniques. In the Honde Valley and Rusitu Valley example, the levels of HIV-1 prevalence after adjusting for age differences are 18,4 pc and 13,2 pc respectively.
  • Journal article
    DONNELLY CA, SETH J, CLAYTON RM, PHILLIPS CI, CUTHBERT J, PRESCOTT RJet al., 1995,

    SOME BLOOD-PLASMA CONSTITUENTS CORRELATE WITH HUMAN CATARACT

    , BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY, Vol: 79, Pages: 1036-1041, ISSN: 0007-1161
  • Journal article
    ANDERSON RM, MAY RM, GUPTA S, 1995,

    GENETIC-HETEROGENEITY IN HELMINTHS - A REPLY

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 111, Pages: 537-538, ISSN: 0031-1820
  • Journal article
    ANDERSON RM, SWINTON J, GARNETT GP, 1995,

    POTENTIAL IMPACT OF LOW EFFICACY HIV-1 VACCINES IN POPULATIONS WITH HIGH-RATES OF INFECTION

    , PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Vol: 261, Pages: 147-151, ISSN: 0962-8452
  • Journal article
    GARNETT GP, ANDERSON RM, 1995,

    STRATEGIES FOR LIMITING THE SPREAD OF HIV IN DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES - CONCLUSIONS BASED ON STUDIES OF THE TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS OF THE VIRUS

    , JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES AND HUMAN RETROVIROLOGY, Vol: 9, Pages: 500-513, ISSN: 1077-9450
  • Journal article
    BABAD HR, NOKES DJ, GAY NJ, MILLER E, MORGANCAPNER P, ANDERSON RMet al., 1995,

    PREDICTING THE IMPACT OF MEASLES VACCINATION IN ENGLAND AND WALES - MODEL VALIDATION AND ANALYSIS OF POLICY OPTIONS (VOL 114, PG 319, 1995)

    , EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Vol: 115, Pages: 213-213, ISSN: 0950-2688
  • Journal article
    Alfandari D, Whittaker CA, DeSimone DW, Darribère Tet al., 1995,

    Integrin alpha v subunit is expressed on mesodermal cell surfaces during amphibian gastrulation.

    , Dev Biol, Vol: 170, Pages: 249-261, ISSN: 0012-1606

    Mesodermal cell migration during amphibian gastrulation is dependent on cellular interactions with fibronectin. One mechanism whereby cells bind fibronectin is through alpha v-containing integrin heterodimers. In order to investigate the role of alpha v in amphibian gastrulation, we have cloned the Pleurodeles homologue of the integrin alpha v subunit using homology PCR. The deduced amino acid sequence is 73 and 74% identical with the human and chick homologues, respectively. The 4.8-kb mRNA is expressed during oogenesis and persists throughout development. Messenger RNA and protein are widely expressed in oocytes and embryos while cell surface expression is spatially regulated. The protein first appears on the plasma membrane of fully grown oocytes. Fertilization results in the progressive loss of alpha v membrane localization. Before and during gastrulation, the integrin alpha v subunit is expressed on the surface of mesodermal cells. These data show that alpha v expression is developmentally regulated by a post-translational mechanism which correlates with the onset of mesodermal cell migration at gastrulation.

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