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• Journal article
  Jenkins HE, Woodroffe R, Donnelly CA, Cox DR, Johnston WT, Bourne FJ, Cheeseman CL, Clifton-Hadley RS, Gettinby G, Gilks P, Hewinson RG, McInerney JP, Morrison WIet al., 2007,

  Effects of culling on spatial associations of <i>Mycobacterium bovis</i> infections in badgers and cattle

  , JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY, Vol: 44, Pages: 897-908, ISSN: 0021-8901
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  • Citations: 34
• Journal article
  French MD, Rollinson D, Basáñez M-G, Mgeni AF, Khamis IS, Stothard JRet al., 2007,

  School-based control of urinary schistosomiasis on Zanzibar, Tanzania: monitoring micro-haematuria with reagent strips as a rapid urological assessment.

  , J Pediatr Urol, Vol: 3, Pages: 364-368

  OBJECTIVE: To evaluate micro-haematuria, detected by Haemastix reagent strips, for diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis during a 3-year period of school-based control on Zanzibar. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A sub-set of school children, from a total of 135,000 who were receiving treatment for urinary schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis, were monitored by parasitological and questionnaire methods for Schistosoma haematobium infections: at treatment baseline in 2004 (n=2002), follow up with re-treatment in 2005 (n=3278) and further follow up with re-treatment in 2006 (n=3993). Standard diagnostic scores for micro-haematuria were calculated against parasitological assessment. RESULTS: Diagnostic scores of Haemastix remained strong throughout the 3-year period. In 2006, scores were: sensitivity (SS)=0.86 (95% CI: 0.86-0.88), specificity (SP)=0.99 (0.98-1.00), positive predictive value (PPV)=0.90 (0.88-0.91), negative predictive value (NPV)=0.98 (0.98-0.99) in boys; and SS=0.84 (0.82-0.86), SP=0.98 (0.98-0.99), PPV=0.77 (0.75-0.79) and NPV=0.99 (0.99-1.00) in girls. By comparison, reported blood in urine and pain upon urination were much lower and not as informative. CONCLUSION: At a cost of approximately pound sterling 0.20/test, further use of reagent strips for monitoring of urinary schistosomiasis during ongoing control programmes should be advocated as a rapid, cost-effective and informative disease surveillance tool.

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• Journal article
  Laloe D, Jombart T, Dufour A-B, Moazami-Goudarzi Ket al., 2007,

  Consensus genetic structuring and typological value of markers using multiple co-inertia analysis

  , GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION, Vol: 39, Pages: 545-567, ISSN: 0999-193X
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  • Citations: 21
• Journal article
  Truscott J, Garske T, Chis-Ster I, Guitian J, Pfeiffer D, Snow L, Wilesmith J, Ferguson NM, Ghani ACet al., 2007,

  Control of a highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza outbreak in the GB poultry flock

  , PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, Vol: 274, Pages: 2287-2295, ISSN: 0962-8452
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  • Citations: 56
• Journal article
  Gregson S, Nyamukapa C, Lopman B, Mushati P, Garnett GP, Chandiwana SK, Anderson RMet al., 2007,

  Critique of early models of the demographic impact of HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa based on contemporary empirical data from Zimbabwe

  , PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Vol: 104, Pages: 14586-14591, ISSN: 0027-8424
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  • Citations: 31
• Journal article
  Koukounari A, Gabrielli AF, Toure S, Bosque-Oliva E, Zhang Y, Sellin B, Donnelly CA, Fenwick A, Webster JPet al., 2007,

  <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> infection and morbidity before and after large-scale administration of praziquantel in Burkina Faso

  , JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 196, Pages: 659-669, ISSN: 0022-1899
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  • Citations: 117
• Journal article
  Riley S, 2007,

  Doping destroys the story at the heart of cycling.

  , Nature, Vol: 449, Pages: 281-281
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• Journal article
  Abbas UL, Anderson RM, Mellors JW, 2007,

  Potential Impact of Antiretroviral Chemoprophylaxis on HIV-1 Transmission in Resource-Limited Settings

  , PLOS MED, Pages: 1-11
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• Journal article
  Gardner MG, Bull CM, Fenner A, Murray K, Donnellan SCet al., 2007,

  Consistent social structure within aggregations of the Australian lizard, <i>Egernia stokesii</i> across seven disconnected rocky outcrops

  , JOURNAL OF ETHOLOGY, Vol: 25, Pages: 263-270, ISSN: 0289-0771
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  • Citations: 38
• Journal article
  Hollingsworth TD, Ferguson NM, Anderson RM, 2007,

  Frequent travelers and rate of spread of epidemics.

  , Emerg Infect Dis, Vol: 13, Pages: 1288-1294, ISSN: 1080-6040

  A small proportion of air travelers make disproportionately more journeys than the rest of travelers. They also tend to interact predominantly with other frequent travelers in hotels and airport lounges. This group has the potential to accelerate global spread of infectious respiratory diseases. Using an epidemiologic model, we simulated exportation of cases from severe acute respiratory syndrome-like and influenza-like epidemics in a population for which a small proportion travel more frequently than the rest. Our simulations show that frequent travelers accelerate international spread of epidemics only if they are infected early in an outbreak and the outbreak does not expand rapidly. If the epidemic growth rate is high, as is likely for pandemic influenza, heterogeneities in travel are frequently overwhelmed by the large number of infected persons in the majority population and the resulting high probability that some of these persons will take an international flight.

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