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  • Journal article
    Boily MC, Lowndes CM, Alary M, 2000,

    Complementary hypothesis concerning the community sexually transmitted disease mass treatment puzzle in Rakai, Uganda

    , AIDS, Vol: 14, Pages: 2583-2592, ISSN: 0269-9370
  • Journal article
    Anderson RM, Garnett GP, 2000,

    Mathematical models of the transmission and control of sexually transmitted diseases

    , SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, Vol: 27, Pages: 636-643, ISSN: 0148-5717
    • Cite
    • Citations: 71
  • Journal article
    BOILY M-C, POULIN R, MÂSSE B, 2000,

    Some Methodological Issues in the Study of Sexual Networks: From Model to Data to Model

    , Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Vol: 27, Pages: 558-571

    Background: Mixing between sexual activity classes is an important determinant of sexually transmitted disease transmission. However, attempts to estimate sexual mixing patterns in the field remain limited partly because of practical and methodological difficulties.Goal: To evaluate and identify appropriate sampling schemes to estimate the mixing pattern between sexual activity classes from large population networks with one or more components.Study Design: The study is based on simulations of large population networks with various structural characteristics. A variety of snowball sampling schemes are applied to these networks and are evaluated by the quality of the mixing matrix estimates that they produce.Results and Conclusions: Unbiased estimation of mixing patterns (global assortativity, within-group mixing of the lowest activity classes, within-group mixing of the highest activity classes) from large population networks is possible with a snowball sampling design in which the initial sample of index cases is drawn from the general population, all partners of the index case are recruited, and only one generation of partners are traced (one cycle). Simulation techniques proved useful in addressing complex methodological issues in situations where analytic results are difficult to obtain.
  • Journal article
    Ghani AC, Garnett GP, 2000,

    Risks of acquiring and transmitting sexually transmitted diseases in sexual partner networks

    , SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, Vol: 27, Pages: 579-587, ISSN: 0148-5717
  • Journal article
    Vivas-Martínez S, Basáñez MG, Botto C, Rojas S, García M, Pacheco M, Curtis CFet al., 2000,

    Amazonian onchocerciasis:: parasitological profiles by host-age, sex, and endemicity in southern Venezuela

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 121, Pages: 513-525, ISSN: 0031-1820
  • Journal article
    Vivas-Martínez S, Basáñez MG, Botto C, Villegas L, García M, Curtis CFet al., 2000,

    Parasitological indicators of onchocerciasis relevant to ivermectin control programmes in the Amazonian focus of southern Venezuela

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 121, Pages: 527-534, ISSN: 0031-1820
  • Journal article
    Ferguson NM, Garnett GP, 2000,

    More realistic models of sexually transmitted disease transmission dynamics - Sexual partnership networks, pair models, and moment closure

    , SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES, Vol: 27, Pages: 600-609, ISSN: 0148-5717
    • Cite
    • Citations: 73
  • Journal article
    Arroyo AG, Taverna D, Whittaker CA, Strauch UG, Bader BL, Rayburn H, Crowley D, Parker CM, Hynes ROet al., 2000,

    In vivo roles of integrins during leukocyte development and traffic: insights from the analysis of mice chimeric for alpha 5, alpha v, and alpha 4 integrins.

    , J Immunol, Vol: 165, Pages: 4667-4675, ISSN: 0022-1767

    Mice chimeric for integrins alpha(5), alpha(V), or alpha(4) were used to dissect the in vivo roles of these adhesion receptors during leukocyte development and traffic. No major defects were observed in the development of lymphocytes, monocytes, or granulocytes or in the traffic of lymphocytes to different lymphoid organs in the absence of alpha(5) or alpha(V) integrins. However, in agreement with previous reports, the absence of alpha(4) integrins produced major defects in development of lymphoid and myeloid lineages and a specific defect in homing of lymphocytes to Peyer's patches. In contrast, the alpha(4) integrin subunit is not essential for localization of T lymphocytes into intraepithelial and lamina propria compartments in the gut, whereas one of the partners of alpha(4), the beta(7) chain, has been shown to be essential. However, alpha(4)-deficient T lymphocytes cannot migrate properly during the inflammatory response induced by thioglycolate injection into the peritoneum. Finally, in vitro proliferation and activation of lymphocytes deficient for alpha(5), alpha(V), or alpha(4) integrins upon stimulation with different stimuli were similar to those seen in controls. These results show that integrins play distinct roles during in vivo leukocyte development and traffic.
  • Journal article
    Davis AC, Kibble TWB, Pickles M, Steer DAet al., 2000,

    Dynamics and properties of chiral cosmic strings in Minkowski space

    , Physical Review D Particles Fields Gravitation and Cosmology, Vol: 62, Pages: 1-8, ISSN: 0556-2821

    Chiral cosmic strings are produced naturally at the end of inflation in supersymmetric models where the symmetry is broken via a D term. Consequently in such theories, where both inflation and cosmic strings contribute to the density and CMBR (microwave background) perturbations, it is necessary to understand the evolution of chiral cosmic string networks. We study the dynamics of chiral cosmic strings in Minkowski space and comment on a number of differences with those of Nambu-Goto strings. To do this we follow the work of Carter and Peter who showed that the equations of motion for chiral cosmic strings reduce to a wave equation and two constraints, only one of which is different from the familiar Nambu-Goto constraints. We study chiral string loop solutions consisting of many harmonics and determine their self-intersection probabilities, and comment on the possible cosmological significance of these results. ©2000 The American Physical Society.
  • Journal article
    Grassly NC, von Haeseler A, Krakauer DC, 2000,

    Error, population structure and the origin of diverse sign systems

    , JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY, Vol: 206, Pages: 369-378, ISSN: 0022-5193

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