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  • Journal article
    Williams JR, Nokes DJ, Medley GF, Anderson RMet al., 1996,

    The transmission dynamics of hepatitis B in the UK: A mathematical model for evaluating costs and effectiveness of immunization programmes (vol 116, pg 71, 1996)

    , EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Vol: 117, Pages: 409-409, ISSN: 0950-2688
  • Journal article
    Garnett GP, Anderson RM, 1996,

    Sexually transmitted diseases and sexual behavior: Insights from mathematical models

    , JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 174, Pages: S150-S161, ISSN: 0022-1899
  • Journal article
    Ramos JW, Whittaker CA, DeSimone DW, 1996,

    Integrin-dependent adhesive activity is spatially controlled by inductive signals at gastrulation.

    , Development, Vol: 122, Pages: 2873-2883, ISSN: 0950-1991

    Integrins mediate cell-ECM interactions essential for morphogenesis, however, the extent to which integrin adhesive activities are regulated in the embryo has not been addressed. We report that integrin-dependent cell adhesion to the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) containing central cell-binding domain of fibronectin is required for gastrulation in Xenopus. Although all cells of the early embryo retain the ability to attach to this region, only involuting cells arising from the dorsal and ventral lips of the blastopore are able to spread and migrate on fibronectin in vitro. This change in adhesive behavior is mimicked by treating animal cap cells with activin-A. Activin-induced changes in adhesion are independent of new transcription, translation, or changes in receptor expression at the cell surface. We demonstrate that ectopic expression of integrin alpha4beta1 in animal cap cells results in attachment to the non RGD-containing V-region of fibronectin. Further, these cells acquire the ability to spread on the V-region following activin induction. Thus, alpha4beta1 adhesion to the V-region, like endogenous integrin binding to the central cell-binding domain, is responsive to activin signalling. These data indicate that cell adhesion to the central cell-binding domain is regulated in both space and time, and is under the control of inductive signals that initiate gastrulation movements. We suggest that position-specific inductive interactions are likely to represent a novel and general mechanism by which integrin adhesion is modulated throughout development.
  • Journal article
    Austin DJ, Anderson RM, 1996,

    Immunodominance, competition and evolution in immunological responses to helminth parasite antigens

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 113, Pages: 157-172, ISSN: 0031-1820
    • Cite
    • Citations: 12
  • Journal article
    Lallier TE, Whittaker CA, DeSimone DW, 1996,

    Integrin alpha 6 expression is required for early nervous system development in Xenopus laevis.

    , Development, Vol: 122, Pages: 2539-2554, ISSN: 0950-1991

    The integrin alpha 6 subunit pairs with both the beta 1 and beta 4 subunits to form a subfamily of laminin receptors. Here we report the cDNA cloning and primary sequence for the Xenopus homologue of the mammalian integrin alpha 6 subunit. We present data demonstrating the spatial and temporal expression of alpha 6 mRNA and protein during early development. Initially, alpha 6 transcripts are expressed in the dorsal ectoderm and future neural plate at the end of gastrulation. Later in development, alpha 6 mRNAs are expressed in a variety of neural derivatives, including the developing sensory placodes (otic and olfactory) and commissural neurons within the neural tube. Integrin alpha 6 is also expressed in the elongating pronephric duct as well as a subset of the rhombencephalic neural crest, which will form the Schwann cells lining several cranial nerves (VII, VIII and X). In vivo expression of an alpha 6 antisense transcript in the animal hemisphere leads to a reduction in alpha 6 protein expression, a loss of adhesion to laminin, and severe defects in normal development. In 35% of cases, reduced levels of alpha 6 expression result in embryos that complete gastrulation normally but arrest at neurulation prior to the formation of the neural plate. In an additional 22% of cases, embryos develop with severe axial defects, including complete loss of head or tail structures. In contrast, overexpression of the alpha 6 subunit by injection of full-length mRNA has no apparent effect on embryonic development. Co-injection of antisense and sense plasmid constructs results in a partial rescue of the antisense-generated phenotypes. These data indicate that the integrin alpha 6 subunit is critical for the early development of the nervous system in amphibians.
  • Journal article
    Herz AVM, Bonhoeffer S, Anderson RM, May RM, Nowak MAet al., 1996,

    Viral dynamics in vivo: Limitations on estimates of intracellular delay and virus decay

    , PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Vol: 93, Pages: 7247-7251, ISSN: 0027-8424
  • Journal article
    Phillips CI, Donnelly CA, Clayton RM, Cuthbert Jet al., 1996,

    Skin disease and age-related cataract

    , ACTA DERMATO-VENEREOLOGICA, Vol: 76, Pages: 314-318, ISSN: 0001-5555
  • Journal article
    Hetzel C, Anderson RM, 1996,

    The within-host cellular dynamics of bloodstage malaria: Theoretical and experimental studies

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 113, Pages: 25-38, ISSN: 0031-1820
    • Cite
    • Citations: 87
  • Journal article
    Anderson RM, Schwartlander B, McCutchan F, Hu Det al., 1996,

    Implications of genetic variability in HIV for epidemiology and public health

    , LANCET, Vol: 347, Pages: 1778-1779, ISSN: 0140-6736
  • Journal article
    Rhodes CJ, Anderson RM, 1996,

    Power laws governing epidemics in isolated populations

    , NATURE, Vol: 381, Pages: 600-602, ISSN: 0028-0836

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