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  • Journal article
    Takaoka H, Suzuki H, Noda S, Tada I, Basáñez MG, Yarzábal Let al., 1984,

    Development of Onchocerca volvulus larvae in Simulium pintoi in the Amazonas region of Venezuela.

    , Am J Trop Med Hyg, Vol: 33, Pages: 414-419, ISSN: 0002-9637

    The intake and development of Onchocerca volvulus in Simulium pintoi from the Parima mountain region of the Federal Territory of Amazonas in Venezuela, were studied experimentally. When wild females fed on the lower half of the legs and lower third of the back of an onchocerciasis patient harboring 23 and 264 microfilariae per skin snip, respectively, at each site, an average (median) of 14 (range, 1-77) and 245 (range, 58-495) microfilariae was ingested. However, within 24 hours of microfilarial ingestion a mortality of 47% (16/34 flies) was observed in the group of flies which fed on the back, as compared with 2% (2/101 flies) in the other group which fed on the legs. At a temperature varying between 16 degrees C and 24 degrees C, the development of O. volvulus larvae in S. pintoi was synchronous and orderly; no abnormal nor deformed larvae were observed. Third-stage larvae were first seen in the head of flies dying between 8 and 9 days after microfilarial ingestion, and 98 of 100 larvae recovered from days 10-16 were in the third stage. The proportions of females harboring third-stage larvae among flies which lived through day 8 in the two groups which fed on the legs and back, respectively, were 55% (21/38 flies) and 63% (5/8 flies). Although only two of five positive flies in the latter group contained third-stage larvae in the head (1 and 12, respectively), 71% (15/21 positive flies) of the former group had an average of 2.7 third-stage larvae in the head (range, 1-10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
  • Journal article
    HASSELL MP, ANDERSON RM, 1984,

    HOST SUSCEPTIBILITY AS A COMPONENT IN HOST-PARASITOID SYSTEMS

    , JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY, Vol: 53, Pages: 611-621, ISSN: 0021-8790
    • Cite
    • Citations: 34
  • Journal article
    MAY RM, ANDERSON RM, 1984,

    SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY AND THE DESIGN OF IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS

    , MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES, Vol: 72, Pages: 83-111, ISSN: 0025-5564
    • Cite
    • Citations: 189
  • Journal article
    Anderson RM, May RM, 1984,

    Spatial, temporal, and genetic heterogeneity in host populations and the design of immunization programmes.

    , IMA J Math Appl Med Biol, Vol: 1, Pages: 233-266, ISSN: 0265-0746

    The relevance of heterogeneity in infectious disease transmission to the design of immunization programmes is examined by the use of simple deterministic models of recurrent epidemic behaviour. In the context of spatial heterogeneity it is shown that an optimal vaccination programme, which concentrates on groups with relatively high density, can lead to eradication with overall coverage levels less than those estimated by a model which assumes homogeneity in host spatial distribution. Age-related heterogeneity in transmission can result in higher or lower coverage levels than those predicted by models which assume age-independent transmission, depending on the quantitative detail of how transmission changes with age. Genetic heterogeneity in host susceptibility to infection is shown to produce effects that are similar to those induced by age-related changes in transmission. It is concluded that much greater attention should be focused on transmission heterogeneity in future work on models of recurrent epidemic behaviour and the design of immunization programmes.
  • Journal article
    ANDERSON RM, GRENFELL BT, MAY RM, 1984,

    OSCILLATORY FLUCTUATIONS IN THE INCIDENCE OF INFECTIOUS-DISEASE AND THE IMPACT OF VACCINATION - TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS

    , JOURNAL OF HYGIENE, Vol: 93, Pages: 587-608, ISSN: 0022-1724
    • Cite
    • Citations: 139
  • Journal article
    ANDERSON RM, CROMBIE J, 1984,

    EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF AGE-PREVALENCE CURVES FOR SCHISTOSOMA-MANSONI INFECTIONS IN POPULATIONS OF BIOMPHALARIA-GLABRATA

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 89, Pages: 79-105, ISSN: 0031-1820
    • Cite
    • Citations: 50
  • Journal article
    TAKAOKA H, SUZUKI H, NODA S, TADA I, BASANEZ MG, YARZABAL Let al., 1984,

    DEVELOPMENT OF ONCHOCERCA-VOLVULUS LARVAE IN SIMULIUM-PINTOI IN THE AMAZONAS REGION OF VENEZUELA

    , AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE, Vol: 33, Pages: 414-419, ISSN: 0002-9637
    • Cite
    • Citations: 15
  • Journal article
    SCOTT ME, ANDERSON RM, 1984,

    THE POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF GYRODACTYLUS-BULLATARUDIS(MONOGENEA) WITHIN LABORATORY POPULATIONS OF THE FISH HOST POECILIA-RETICULATA

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 89, Pages: 159-194, ISSN: 0031-1820
    • Cite
    • Citations: 152
  • Journal article
    MCCALLUM HI, ANDERSON RM, 1984,

    SYSTEMATIC TEMPORAL CHANGES IN HOST SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION - DEMOGRAPHIC MECHANISMS

    , PARASITOLOGY, Vol: 89, Pages: 195-208, ISSN: 0031-1820
    • Cite
    • Citations: 17
  • Conference paper
    MURRAY KA, MCDOWELL MW, 1984,

    PRIMARY HEAT-TRANSFER LOOP DESIGN FOR THE CASCADE ICF REACTOR

    , Publisher: AMER NUCLEAR SOC, Pages: 251-251, ISSN: 0003-018X

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