@article{Telcian:2016:10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.004,
author = {Telcian, AG and Zdrenghea, MT and Edwards, MR and Laza-Stanca, V and Mallia, P and Johnston, SL and Stanciu, LA},
doi = {10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.004},
journal = {Antiviral Research},
pages = {93--101},
title = {Vitamin D increases the antiviral activity of bronchial epithelial cells in vitro},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.004},
volume = {137},
year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: By modulating the antiviral immune response via vitamin D receptor, the active form of vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, calcitriol) could play a central role in protection against respiratory virus infections. This in vitro study tested the hypothesis that respiratory viruses modulate vitamin D receptor expression in human bronchial epithelial cells and this modulation affects the antiviral response to exogenous vitamin D. METHODS: Human primary bronchial epithelial cells were infected with rhinoviruses and respiratory syncytial virus in the presence or absence of vitamin D. Expression of vitamin D receptor, 1α-hydroxylase (1α(OH)ase), 24-hydroxylase (24(OH)ase), innate interferons, interferon stimulated genes and cathelicidin were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The antiviral effect of vitamin D on rhinovirus replication was determined by measurement of virus load. A direct inactivation assay was used to determine the antiviral activity of cathelicidin. RESULTS: Both RV and RSV decreased vitamin D receptor and 24(OH)ase and, in addition, RSV increased 1α(OH)ase expression in epithelial cells. Vitamin D decreased rhinovirus replication and release, and increased rhinovirus-induced interferon stimulated genes and cathelicidin. Furthermore, cathelicidin had direct anti-rhinovirus activity. CONCLUSIONS: Despite lower vitamin D receptor levels in rhinovirus-infected epithelial cells, exogenous vitamin D increased antiviral defences most likely via cathelicidin and innate interferon pathways.
AU  - Telcian,AG
AU  - Zdrenghea,MT
AU  - Edwards,MR
AU  - Laza-Stanca,V
AU  - Mallia,P
AU  - Johnston,SL
AU  - Stanciu,LA
DO  - 10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.004
EP  - 101
PY  - 2016///
SN  - 1872-9096
SP  - 93
TI  - Vitamin D increases the antiviral activity of bronchial epithelial cells in vitro
T2  - Antiviral Research
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2016.11.004
UR  - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27838350
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/43045
VL  - 137
ER  - 

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