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  • Journal article
    Everitt AR, Clare S, Pertel T, John SP, Wash RS, Smith SE, Chin CR, Feeley EM, Sims JS, Adams DJ, Wise HM, Kane L, Goulding D, Digard P, Anttila V, Baillie JK, Walsh TS, Hume DA, Palotie A, Xue Y, Colonna V, Tyler-Smith C, Dunning J, Gordon SB, GenISIS Investigators, MOSAIC Investigators, Smyth RL, Openshaw PJ, Dougan G, Brass AL, Kellam P, Everitt AR, Clare S, Pertel T, John SP, Wash RS, Smith SE, Chin CR, Feeley EM, Sims JS, Adams DJ, Wise HM, Kane L, Goulding D, Digard P, Anttila V, Baillie JK, Walsh TS, Hume DA, Palotie A, Xue Y, Colonna V, Tyler-Smith C, Dunning J, Gordon SB, The GenISIS Investigators, The MOSAIC Investigators, Smyth RL, Openshaw PJ, Dougan G, Brass AL, Kellam P, Everitt AR, Clare S, Pertel T, John SP, Wash RS, Smith SE, Chin CR, Feeley EM, Sims JS, Adams DJ, Wise HM, Kane L, Goulding D, Digard P, Anttila V, Baillie JK, Walsh TS, Hume DA, Palotie A, Xue Y, Colonna V, Tyler-Smith C, Dunning J, Gordon SB, Everingham K, Dawson H, Hope D, Ramsay P, Campbell A, Kerr S, Harrison D, Rowan K, Addison J, Donald N, Galt S, Noble D, Taylor J, Webster LL, Taylor Local LI, Aldridge LL, Dornan R, Richard C, Gilmour D, Simmons LL, White LL, Jardine C, Williams LL, Booth LL, Quasim T, Watson V, Henry P, Munro F, Bell L, Ruddy LL, Cole LL, Southward J, Allcoat P, Gray S, McDougall LL, Matheson J, Whiteside LL, Alcorn D, Rooney LL, Sundaram R, Imrie LL, Bruce J, McGuigan K, Moultrie LL, Cairns LL, Grant J, Hughes M, Murdoch LL, Davidson LL, Harris G, Paterson R, Wallis LL, Binning LL, Pollock M, Antonelli J, Duncan A, Gibson J, McCulloch C, Murphy L, Haley C, Faulkner G, Freeman T, Hume DA, Baillie JK, Chaussabel D, Adamson WE, Carman WF, Thompson C, Zambon MC, Aylin P, Ashby D, Barclay WS, Brett SJ, Cookson WO, Drumright LN, Dunning J, Elderfield RA, Garcia-Alvarez L, Gazzard BG, Griffiths MJ, Habibi MS, Hansel TT, Herberg JA, Holmes AH, Hussell T, Johnston SL, Kon OM, Levin M, Moffatt MF, Nadel S, Openshaw PJ, Warner JO, Aston SJ, Gordon SB, Hay A, McCauleet al., 2012,

    IFITM3 restricts the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza.

    , Nature, Vol: 484, Pages: 519-523

    The 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic showed the speed with which a novel respiratory virus can spread and the ability of a generally mild infection to induce severe morbidity and mortality in a subset of the population. Recent in vitro studies show that the interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) protein family members potently restrict the replication of multiple pathogenic viruses1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Both the magnitude and breadth of the IFITM proteins’ in vitro effects suggest that they are critical for intrinsic resistance to such viruses, including influenza viruses. Using a knockout mouse model8, we now test this hypothesis directly and find that IFITM3 is essential for defending the host against influenza A virus in vivo. Mice lacking Ifitm3 display fulminant viral pneumonia when challenged with a normally low-pathogenicity influenza virus, mirroring the destruction inflicted by the highly pathogenic 1918 ‘Spanish’ influenza9, 10. Similar increased viral replication is seen in vitro, with protection rescued by the re-introduction of Ifitm3. To test the role of IFITM3 in human influenza virus infection, we assessed the IFITM3 alleles of individuals hospitalized with seasonal or pandemic influenza H1N1/09 viruses. We find that a statistically significant number of hospitalized subjects show enrichment for a minor IFITM3 allele (SNP rs12252-C) that alters a splice acceptor site, and functional assays show the minor CC genotype IFITM3 has reduced influenza virus restriction in vitro. Together these data reveal that the action of a single intrinsic immune effector, IFITM3, profoundly alters the course of influenza virus infection in mouse and humans.

  • Journal article
    Loebbermann J, Thornton H, Durant L, Sparwasser T, Webster KE, Sprent J, Culley FJ, Johansson C, Openshaw PJet al., 2012,

    Regulatory T cells expressing granzyme B play a critical role in controlling lung inflammation during acute viral infection

    , MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 5, Pages: 161-172, ISSN: 1933-0219
  • Conference paper
    Dodd J, Clark D, Muir R, Korpis C, Openshaw Pet al., 2011,

    Endogenous IL-21 regulates pathogenic CD4 T cell responses during respiratory viral infection

    , Annual Congress of the British-Society-for-Immunology, Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL, Pages: 164-164, ISSN: 0019-2805
  • Journal article
    Openshaw PJM, Hewitt C, 2000,

    Protective and harmful effects of viral infections in childhood on wheezing disorders and asthma

    , AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 162, Pages: S40-S43, ISSN: 1073-449X

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