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@article{Thompson:2021:cid/ciab100,
author = {Thompson, H and Mousa, A and Dighe, A and Fu, H and Arnedo-Pena, A and Barrett, P and Bellido-Blasco, J and Bi, Q and Caputi, A and Chaw, L and De, Maria L and Hoffmann, M and Mahapure, K and Hg, K and Raghuram, J and Singh, G and Soman, B and Soriano, V and Valent, F and Vimercati, L and En, Wee L and Wong, J and Ghani, A and Ferguson, N},
doi = {cid/ciab100},
journal = {Clinical Infectious Diseases},
pages = {e754--e764},
title = {SARS-CoV-2 setting-specific transmission rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab100},
volume = {73},
year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Background Understanding the drivers of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is crucial for control policies but evidence of transmission rates in different settings remains limited. MethodsWe conducted a systematic review to estimate secondary attack rates (SAR) and observed reproduction numbers (Robs) in different settings exploring differences by age, symptom status, and duration of exposure. To account for additional study heterogeneity, we employed a Beta-Binomial model to pool SARs across studies and a Negative-binomial model to estimate Robs. ResultsHouseholds showed the highest transmission rates, with a pooled SAR of 21.1% (95%CI:17.4%-24.8%). SARs were significantly higher where the duration of household exposure exceeded 5 days compared with exposure of ≤5 days. SARs related to contacts at social events with family and friends were higher than those for low-risk casual contacts (5.9% vs. 1.2%). Estimates of SAR and Robs for asymptomatic index cases were approximately a seventh, and for pre-symptomatic two thirds of those for symptomatic index cases. We found some evidence for reduced transmission potential both from and to individuals under 20 years of age in the household context, which is more limited when examining all settings.ConclusionsOur results suggest that exposure in settings with familiar contacts increases SARS-CoV-2 transmission potential. Additionally, the differences observed in transmissibility by index case symptom status and duration of exposure have important implications for control strategies such as contact tracing, testing and rapid isolation of cases. There was limited data to explore transmission patterns in workplaces, schools, and care-homes, highlighting the need for further research in such settings.
AU  - Thompson,H
AU  - Mousa,A
AU  - Dighe,A
AU  - Fu,H
AU  - Arnedo-Pena,A
AU  - Barrett,P
AU  - Bellido-Blasco,J
AU  - Bi,Q
AU  - Caputi,A
AU  - Chaw,L
AU  - De,Maria L
AU  - Hoffmann,M
AU  - Mahapure,K
AU  - Hg,K
AU  - Raghuram,J
AU  - Singh,G
AU  - Soman,B
AU  - Soriano,V
AU  - Valent,F
AU  - Vimercati,L
AU  - En,Wee L
AU  - Wong,J
AU  - Ghani,A
AU  - Ferguson,N
DO  - cid/ciab100
EP  - 764
PY  - 2021///
SN  - 1058-4838
SP  - 754
TI  - SARS-CoV-2 setting-specific transmission rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis
T2  - Clinical Infectious Diseases
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab100
UR  - https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article/doi/10.1093/cid/ciab100/6131730
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/85815
VL  - 73
ER  -

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