Publications
1331 results found
Alastruey J, Charlton PH, Bikia V, et al., 2023, Arterial pulse wave modeling and analysis for vascular-age studies: a review from VascAgeNet, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY, Vol: 325, Pages: H1-H29, ISSN: 0363-6135
costello R, Quint J, 2023, Ethnic differences in the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical monitoring and hospitalisations for non-COVID conditions in England: a population-based, observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY, EClinicalMedicine, ISSN: 2589-5370
Al Saikhan L, Park C, Tillin T, et al., 2023, Does 3D-speckle tracking echocardiography improve prediction of major cardiovascular events in a multi-ethnic general population? A Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) cohort study, PLOS ONE, Vol: 18, ISSN: 1932-6203
Martinez-Perez ME, Hughes AD, Thom SAM, et al., 2023, Evaluation of a portable retinal imaging device: towards a comparative quantitative analysis for morphological measurements of retinal blood vessels, ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE, Vol: 10, ISSN: 2054-5703
Chen D, Jenkins AJ, Greenlaw N, et al., 2023, Cardiometabolic risk factors, peripheral arterial tonometry and metformin in adults with type 1 diabetes participating in the REducing with MetfOrmin Vascular Adverse Lesions trial, DIABETES & VASCULAR DISEASE RESEARCH, Vol: 20, ISSN: 1479-1641
Zheng B, Vivaldi G, Daines L, et al., 2023, Determinants of recovery from post-COVID-19 dyspnoea: analysis of UK prospective cohorts of hospitalised COVID-19 patients and community-based controls, The Lancet Regional Health. Europe, Vol: 29, Pages: 1-13, ISSN: 2666-7762
BackgroundThe risk factors for recovery from COVID-19 dyspnoea are poorly understood. We investigated determinants of recovery from dyspnoea in adults with COVID-19 and compared these to determinants of recovery from non-COVID-19 dyspnoea.MethodsWe used data from two prospective cohort studies: PHOSP-COVID (patients hospitalised between March 2020 and April 2021 with COVID-19) and COVIDENCE UK (community cohort studied over the same time period). PHOSP-COVID data were collected during hospitalisation and at 5-month and 1-year follow-up visits. COVIDENCE UK data were obtained through baseline and monthly online questionnaires. Dyspnoea was measured in both cohorts with the Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale. We used multivariable logistic regression to identify determinants associated with a reduction in dyspnoea between 5-month and 1-year follow-up.FindingsWe included 990 PHOSP-COVID and 3309 COVIDENCE UK participants. We observed higher odds of improvement between 5-month and 1-year follow-up among PHOSP-COVID participants who were younger (odds ratio 1.02 per year, 95% CI 1.01–1.03), male (1.54, 1.16–2.04), neither obese nor severely obese (1.82, 1.06–3.13 and 4.19, 2.14–8.19, respectively), had no pre-existing anxiety or depression (1.56, 1.09–2.22) or cardiovascular disease (1.33, 1.00–1.79), and shorter hospital admission (1.01 per day, 1.00–1.02). Similar associations were found in those recovering from non-COVID-19 dyspnoea, excluding age (and length of hospital admission).InterpretationFactors associated with dyspnoea recovery at 1-year post-discharge among patients hospitalised with COVID-19 were similar to those among community controls without COVID-19.FundingPHOSP-COVID is supported by a grant from the MRC-UK Research and Innovation and the Department of Health and Social Care through the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) rapid response panel to tackle COVID-19. The views expressed in the publica
Aizawa K, Thompson C, Hughes AD, et al., 2023, EFFECTS OF 2-WEEK DIETARY NITRATE SUPPLEMENTATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL MOUTHWASH TREATMENT ON RESERVOIR-EXCESS PRESSURE PARAMETERS IN HEALTHY OLDER ADULTS, Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, Pages: E60-E60, ISSN: 0263-6352
Topriceanu C, Syrris P, Shiwani H, et al., 2023, 125 Post-genomic atrial and ventricular myocardial proteome of end-stage lamin heart disease: a prospective clinical trial, British Cardiovascular Society Annual Conference, ‘Future-proofing Cardiology for the next 10 years’, 5–7 June 2023, Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society
Nitsche C, Thornton G, Bennett J, et al., 2023, Metabolomic fingerprinting in patients with severe aortic stenosis before and after aortic valve replacement, Publisher: SPRINGER WIEN, Pages: S336-S337, ISSN: 0043-5325
Al Saikhan L, Park C, Tillin T, et al., 2023, Sex-differences in associations of LV structure and function measured by echocardiography with long-term risk of mortality and cardiovascular morbidity, FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE, Vol: 10, ISSN: 2297-055X
Chandrasekar R, Lacey RE, Chaturvedi N, et al., 2023, Adverse childhood experiences and the development of multimorbidity across adulthood-a national 70-year cohort study, AGE AND AGEING, Vol: 52, ISSN: 0002-0729
Tang R, Abeysekera KWM, Howe LD, et al., 2023, Non-alcoholic fatty liver and fibrosis is associated with cardiovascular structure and function in young adults., Hepatol Commun, Vol: 7
BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease shares many risk factors with other metabolic disorders. We sought to establish whether non-alcoholic fatty liver disease may be associated with cardiovascular health independently of other known risk factors. METHODS: In this prospective, population-based cohort of young adults, controlled attenuation parameter-defined liver steatosis, transient elastography-defined liver fibrosis, echocardiography, carotid ultrasonography, and pulse wave analysis were assessed at age 24 years. We examined associations between liver and cardiovascular measures, with and without accounting for demographics, body mass index, alcohol, smoking, blood pressure, lipidemia, glycemia, and inflammation. RESULTS: We included 2047 participants (mean age 24.4 y; 36.2% female): 212 (10.4%) had steatosis, whereas 38 (1.9%) had fibrosis. Steatosis was associated with cardiovascular measures after adjusting for demographics, but with more comprehensive adjustment, steatosis only remained associated with stroke index [β (95% CI) of -1.85 (-3.29, -0.41) mL/m2] and heart rate [2.17 (0.58, 3.75) beats/min]. Fibrosis was associated with several measures of cardiovascular structure and function after full adjustment for risk factors, including left ventricular mass index [2.46 (0.56, 4.37) g/m2.7], E/A ratio [0.32 (0.13, 0.50)], tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion [0.14 (0.01, 0.26) cm], carotid intima-media thickness [0.024 (0.008, 0.040) mm], pulse wave velocity [0.40 (0.06, 0.75) m/s], cardiac index [-0.23 (-0.41, -0.06) L/min⋅m2], and heart rate [-7.23 (-10.16, -4.29) beats/min]. CONCLUSIONS: Steatosis was not associated with measures of cardiovascular structure and function nor with subclinical atherosclerosis after adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors. Fibrosis, however, was associated with several cardiovascular measures, including indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis, even after full adjustment. Further follow-up
Wels J, Wielgoszewska B, Moltrecht B, et al., 2023, Home working and social and mental wellbeing at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: Evidence from 7 longitudinal population surveys, PLOS MEDICINE, Vol: 20, ISSN: 1549-1277
Topriceanu C-C, Fornasiero M, Seo H, et al., 2023, Developing a medical device-grade T<sub>2</sub> phantom optimized for myocardial T<sub>2</sub> mapping by cardiovascular magnetic resonance, JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE, Vol: 25, ISSN: 1097-6647
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- Citations: 1
McAuley HJC, Evans RA, Bolton CE, et al., 2023, Prevalence of physical frailty, including risk factors, up to 1 year after hospitalisation for COVID-19 in the UK: a multicentre, longitudinal cohort study., EClinicalMedicine, Vol: 57, Pages: 1-13, ISSN: 2589-5370
BACKGROUND: The scale of COVID-19 and its well documented long-term sequelae support a need to understand long-term outcomes including frailty. METHODS: This prospective cohort study recruited adults who had survived hospitalisation with clinically diagnosed COVID-19 across 35 sites in the UK (PHOSP-COVID). The burden of frailty was objectively measured using Fried's Frailty Phenotype (FFP). The primary outcome was the prevalence of each FFP group-robust (no FFP criteria), pre-frail (one or two FFP criteria) and frail (three or more FFP criteria)-at 5 months and 1 year after discharge from hospital. For inclusion in the primary analysis, participants required complete outcome data for three of the five FFP criteria. Longitudinal changes across frailty domains are reported at 5 months and 1 year post-hospitalisation, along with risk factors for frailty status. Patient-perceived recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were retrospectively rated for pre-COVID-19 and prospectively rated at the 5 month and 1 year visits. This study is registered with ISRCTN, number ISRCTN10980107. FINDINGS: Between March 5, 2020, and March 31, 2021, 2419 participants were enrolled with FFP data. Mean age was 57.9 (SD 12.6) years, 933 (38.6%) were female, and 429 (17.7%) had received invasive mechanical ventilation. 1785 had measures at both timepoints, of which 240 (13.4%), 1138 (63.8%) and 407 (22.8%) were frail, pre-frail and robust, respectively, at 5 months compared with 123 (6.9%), 1046 (58.6%) and 616 (34.5%) at 1 year. Factors associated with pre-frailty or frailty were invasive mechanical ventilation, older age, female sex, and greater social deprivation. Frail participants had a larger reduction in HRQoL compared with before their COVID-19 illness and were less likely to describe themselves as recovered. INTERPRETATION: Physical frailty and pre-frailty are common following hospitalisation with COVID-19. Improvement in frailty was seen between 5 and 12 months although
Clarke R, Von Ende A, Schmidt LE, et al., 2023, Apolipoprotein Proteomics for Residual Lipid-Related Risk in Coronary Heart Disease, CIRCULATION RESEARCH, Vol: 132, Pages: 452-464, ISSN: 0009-7330
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- Citations: 4
O'Loughlin J, Casanova F, Fairhurst-Hunter Z, et al., 2023, Mendelian randomisation study of body composition and depression in people of East Asian ancestry highlights potential setting-specific causality, BMC MEDICINE, Vol: 21, ISSN: 1741-7015
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- Citations: 3
Picone DS, Stoneman E, Cremer A, et al., 2023, Sex Differences in Blood Pressure and Potential Implications for Cardiovascular Risk Management, HYPERTENSION, Vol: 80, Pages: 316-324, ISSN: 0194-911X
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- Citations: 3
V Eastwood S, Hughes AD, Tomlinson L, et al., 2023, Ethnic differences in hypertension management, medication use and blood pressure control in UK primary care, 2006-2019: a retrospective cohort study, LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE, Vol: 25, ISSN: 2666-7762
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Anbar R, Chaturvedi N, Eastwood SV, et al., 2023, Carotid atherosclerosis in people of European, South Asian and African Caribbean ethnicity in the Southall and Brent revisited study (SABRE), FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2297-055X
Schmidt AF, Joshi R, Gordillo-Maranon M, et al., 2023, Biomedical consequences of elevated cholesterol-containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins on cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular outcomes, COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE, Vol: 3, ISSN: 2730-664X
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- Citations: 4
Hughes A, 2023, Calcium Channel Blockers, Hypertension: A Companion to Braunwald's Heart Disease, Pages: 252-257, ISBN: 9780323931731
Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used in the management of hypertension with increasing frequency, as part of combination, or polytherapy. CCBs lower blood pressure with a good safety profile and relatively few contraindications. CCBs are commonly used in older adults because of their comparatively favorable adverse event profile and the limited need for routine laboratory monitoring.
Williams K, Jamieson A, Chaturvedi N, et al., 2023, Validation of Wearable Derived Heart Rate Variability and Oxygen Saturation from the Garmin's Health Snapshot, ISSN: 2325-8861
The new Garmin 'Health Snapshot' feature claims to measure resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate variability (HRV) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) over a two-minute period, providing a 'glimpse of overall cardiovascular status'. This is the first study to investigate the accuracy of the feature in healthy adults (n=27, 63% male, mean ± SD age = 21.9pm 6.7). Slower respiratory rates are known to increase HRV, therefore two respiratory rates (normal and controlled) were incorporated within the protocol. Reference measures for RHR and HRV metrics (RMSSD and SDNN) were derived from an electrocardiogram (ECG), whereas reference SpO2 was determined using a Pulse Oximeter. Health Snapshot accuracy was quantified using Pearson's/Spearman's (cc_{p}/cc_{s}) correlation coefficients, Bland-Altman plots and mean absolute error (MAE). Health Snapshot estimations of RHR produced almost perfect correlation (0.99), MAE < 2% and narrow limits of agreement. Under normal breathing, both HRV metric estimations produced good correlation (cc_{p} > 0.82). SpO2 estimation was relatively poor with ∼16.7% of Garmin estimations < 95%, despite all references ≥ 98%. HRV metric estimations were less accurate during controlled breathing, because wearable-derived HRV was slightly underestimated for lager HRV values.
Orini M, Flores JL, Chaturvedi N, et al., 2023, Wearable-Derived Long-Term Heart Rate Variability Predicts Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Middle Aged Individuals Without Previous Cardiovascular Disease, ISSN: 2325-8861
Wearable devices enable continuous heart rate (HR) monitoring at scale. However, it is unclear how long-term HR recorded with wearable devices can be harnessed to predict cardiovascular (CV) disease, especially in view of a lower accuracy and temporal resolution compared to clinical ECGs. We hypothesized that robust HRV estimator can identify individuals at higher risk of major adverse CV events (MACE) in the general population. In the National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD), the Actiheart monitor was used to measure 30-second averaged HR in 1,462 participants aged 60-64 (53.2% female) without previous CV disease for up to 5 days. The median absolute deviation of 5-min averaged HR (MADAHR) and median absolute deviation of 30-sec averaged successive HR differences (MADSDHR) were used as robust estimates of the established metrics SDANN and SDSD, respectively. After a median follow-up of 11.3 years, n=136 (9.3%) MACE occurred. Reduced MADAHR and MADSDHR were associated with MACE with hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) equal to 1.33(1.10-1.62, p < 0.01), and 2.15(1.39-3.32, p < 0.01) after adjusting for average heart rate, sex, body-mass index, hypertension, diabetes, and beta-blockers. These data demonstrate for the first time that wearable derived long-term HRV can predict CV events in the general population.
Hunain S, Rhodri D, Joao A, et al., 2023, 3 Beyond 15mm: towards a new personalised, AI measured definition of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using an age, sex, and body surface area -adjusted approach, British Society of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (BSCMR) Annual Congress 2022, Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society
Topriceanu C-C, Topriceanu C-C, Al-Farih M, et al., 2023, 16 Impaired strain precedes fibrosis in lamin heart disease, British Society of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (BSCMR) Annual Congress 2022, Publisher: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Cardiovascular Society
Liew F, Talwar S, Cross A, et al., 2023, SARS-CoV-2-specific nasal IgA wanes 9 months after hospitalisation with COVID-19 and is not induced by subsequent vaccination, EBioMedicine, Vol: 87, Pages: 1-14, ISSN: 2352-3964
Background:Most studies of immunity to SARS-CoV-2 focus on circulating antibody, giving limited insights into mucosal defences that prevent viral replication and onward transmission. We studied nasal and plasma antibody responses one year after hospitalisation for COVID-19, including a period when SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was introduced.Methods:In this follow up study, plasma and nasosorption samples were prospectively collected from 446 adults hospitalised for COVID-19 between February 2020 and March 2021 via the ISARIC4C and PHOSP-COVID consortia. IgA and IgG responses to NP and S of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Delta and Omicron (BA.1) variants were measured by electrochemiluminescence and compared with plasma neutralisation data.Findings:Strong and consistent nasal anti-NP and anti-S IgA responses were demonstrated, which remained elevated for nine months (p < 0.0001). Nasal and plasma anti-S IgG remained elevated for at least 12 months (p < 0.0001) with plasma neutralising titres that were raised against all variants compared to controls (p < 0.0001). Of 323 with complete data, 307 were vaccinated between 6 and 12 months; coinciding with rises in nasal and plasma IgA and IgG anti-S titres for all SARS-CoV-2 variants, although the change in nasal IgA was minimal (1.46-fold change after 10 months, p = 0.011) and the median remained below the positive threshold determined by pre-pandemic controls. Samples 12 months after admission showed no association between nasal IgA and plasma IgG anti-S responses (R = 0.05, p = 0.18), indicating that nasal IgA responses are distinct from those in plasma and minimally boosted by vaccination.Interpretation:The decline in nasal IgA responses 9 months after infection and minimal impact of subsequent vaccination may explain the lack of long-lasting nasal defence against reinfection and the limited effects of vaccination on transmission. These findings highlight the need to develop vaccines that enhance nasal immunity.Funding:This
van Dinther M, Bennett J, Thornton GD, et al., 2023, Evaluation of Microvascular Rarefaction in Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Heart Failure (CRUCIAL): Study Protocol for an Observational Study., Cerebrovasc Dis Extra, Vol: 13, Pages: 18-32
INTRODUCTION: Microvascular rarefaction, the functional reduction in perfused microvessels and structural reduction of microvascular density, seems to be an important mechanism in the pathophysiology of small blood vessel-related disorders including vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) due to cerebral small vessel disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Both diseases share common risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and ageing; in turn, these comorbidities are associated with microvascular rarefaction. Our consortium aims to investigate novel non-invasive tools to quantify microvascular health and rarefaction in both organs, as well as surrogate biomarkers for cerebral and/or cardiac rarefaction (via sublingual capillary health, vascular density of the retina, and RNA content of circulating extracellular vesicles), and to determine whether microvascular density relates to disease severity. METHODS: The clinical research program of CRUCIAL consists of four observational cohort studies. We aim to recruit 75 VCI patients, 60 HFpEF patients, 60 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement as a pressure overload HFpEF model, and 200 elderly participants with mixed comorbidities to serve as controls. Data collected will include medical history, physical examination, cognitive testing, advanced brain and cardiac MRI, ECG, echocardiography, sublingual capillary health, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTa), extracellular vesicles RNA analysis, and myocardial remodelling-related serum biomarkers. The AS cohort undergoing surgery will also have myocardial biopsy for histological microvascular assessment. DISCUSSION: CRUCIAL will examine the pathophysiological role of microvascular rarefaction in VCI and HFpEF using advanced brain and cardiac MRI techniques. Furthermore, we will investigate surrogate biomarkers for non-invasive, faster, easier, and cheaper assessment of m
Topriceanu C-C, Alfarih M, Hughes AD, et al., 2023, The atrial and ventricular myocardial proteome of end-stage lamin heart disease., Acta Myol, Vol: 42, Pages: 43-52
Lamins A/C (encoded by LMNA gene) can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This pilot study sought to explore the postgenomic phenotype of end-stage lamin heart disease. Consecutive patients with end-stage lamin heart disease (LMNA-group, n = 7) and ischaemic DCM (ICM-group, n = 7) undergoing heart transplantation were prospectively enrolled. Samples were obtained from left atrium (LA), left ventricle (LV), right atrium (RA), right ventricle (RV) and interventricular septum (IVS), avoiding the infarcted myocardial segments in the ICM-group. Samples were analysed using a discovery 'shotgun' proteomics approach. We found that 990 proteins were differentially abundant between LMNA and ICM samples with the LA being most perturbed (16-fold more than the LV). Abundance of lamin A/C protein was reduced, but lamin B increased in LMNA LA/RA tissue compared to ICM, but not in LV/RV. Carbonic anhydrase 3 (CA3) was over-abundant across all LMNA tissue samples (LA, LV, RA, RV, and IVS) when compared to ICM. Transthyretin was more abundant in the LV/RV of LMNA compared to ICM, while sarcomeric proteins such as titin and cardiac alpha-cardiac myosin heavy chain were generally less abundant in RA/LA of LMNA. Protein expression profiling and enrichment analysis pointed towards sarcopenia, extracellular matrix remodeling, deficient myocardial energetics, redox imbalances, and abnormal calcium handling in LMNA samples. Compared to ICM, end-stage lamin heart disease is a biventricular but especially a biatrial disease appearing to have an abundance of lamin B, CA3 and transthyretin, potentially hinting to compensatory responses.
Elliott HR, Burrows K, Min JL, et al., 2022, Characterisation of ethnic differences in DNA methylation between UK-resident South Asians and Europeans, CLINICAL EPIGENETICS, Vol: 14, ISSN: 1868-7075
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- Citations: 3
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