Publications
1335 results found
Sharma V, Al Saikhan L, Park C, et al., 2020, Report from the Annual Conference of the British Society of Echocardiography, October 2018, ACC Liverpool, Liverpool, ECHO RESEARCH AND PRACTICE, Vol: 7, Pages: M1-M1, ISSN: 2055-0464
Joshi R, Hingorani AD, Engmann J, et al., 2020, ESTABLISHING REFERENCE INTERVALS FOR TRIGLYCERIDE CONTAINING LIPOPROTEIN SUB-FRACTION METABOLITES MEASURED USING NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY IN A UK POPULATION, Publisher: ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, Pages: E95-E96, ISSN: 0021-9150
Maher GM, Ryan L, McCarthy FP, et al., 2020, Puberty Timing and Markers of Cardiovascular Structure and Function at 25 Years: A Prospective Cohort Study
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Importance</jats:title><jats:p>Whether earlier onset of puberty is associated with higher cardiovascular risk in early adulthood is not well understood.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To examine the association between puberty timing and markers of cardiovascular structure and function at age 25 years.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>Prospective birth cohort study.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting</jats:title><jats:p>The Southwest region of England.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants</jats:title><jats:p>Participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), born between April 1, 1991, and December 31, 1992.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Exposure</jats:title><jats:p>Age at peak height velocity (aPHV), an objective and validated growth-based measure of puberty onset.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures</jats:title><jats:p>Cardiovascular structure and function at age 25 years: carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Multiple imputation was used to impute missing data on covariates and outcomes. Linear regression was used to examine the association between aPHV and each measure of cardiac structure and function, adjusting for maternal age, gestational age, household social class, maternal education, mother’s partner’s education, breastfeeding, parity, birthweight, maternal body mass index, maternal marital status, maternal prenatal smoking status, and heig
Goudswaard L, Harrison S, Van De Klee D, et al., 2020, Blood pressure variability and night-time dipping assessed by 24-hour ambulatory monitoring: cross-sectional association with cardiac structure in adolescents
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Greater blood pressure (BP) variability and reduced night-time BP dipping are associated with cardiovascular disease risk independently of mean BP in adults. This study examines whether these associations are apparent in a general population of adolescents. A cross-sectional analysis was undertaken in 587 UK adolescents (mean age 17.7 years; 43.1% male). BP was measured in a research clinic and using 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. We examined associations (for both systolic and diastolic BP) of: 1) clinic and 24-hour mean BP; 2) measures of 24-hour BP variability: standard deviation weighted for day/night (SDdn), variability independent of the mean (VIM) and average real variability (ARV); and 3) night-time dipping with cardiac structures. Cardiac structures were assessed by echocardiography: 1) left ventricular mass indexed to height<jats:sup>2.7</jats:sup> (LVMi<jats:sup>2.7</jats:sup>); 2) relative wall thickness (RWT); 3) left atrial diameter indexed to height (LADi) and 4) left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDD). Higher systolic BP was associated with greater LVMi<jats:sup>2.7</jats:sup>. Systolic and diastolic BP were associated with greater RWT. Associations were inconsistent for LADi and LVIDD. There was evidence for associations between both greater SDdn and ARV and higher RWT (per 1 SD higher diastolic ARV, mean difference in RWT was 0.13 SDs, 95% CI 0.045 to 0.21); these associations with RWT remained after adjustment for mean BP. There was no consistent evidence of associations between night-time dipping and cardiac structure. In this general adolescent population study, associations between BP variability and cardiac structure were apparent. Measurement of BP variability might benefit cardiovascular risk assessment in adolescents.</jats:p>
Al Saikhan L, Alobaida M, Bhuva A, et al., 2020, Imaging Protocol, Feasibility, and Reproducibility of Cardiovascular Phenotyping in a Large Tri-Ethnic Population-Based Study of Older People: The Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) Study, FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE, Vol: 7, ISSN: 2297-055X
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- Citations: 6
Park CM, Hughes AD, Henein MY, et al., 2020, Mechanisms of Aortic Flow Deceleration and the Effect of Wave Reflection on Left Ventricular Function, FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY, Vol: 11, ISSN: 1664-042X
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- Citations: 4
Hughes AD, Parker KH, 2020, The modified arterial reservoir: An update with consideration of asymptotic pressure (<i>P<sub>∞</sub></i>) and zero-flow pressure (<i>P<sub>zf</sub></i>), PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART H-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE, Vol: 234, Pages: 1288-1299, ISSN: 0954-4119
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- Citations: 12
Vyas M, Chaturvedi N, Hughes A, et al., 2020, Cardiovascular disease recurrence and long-term mortality in a tri-ethnic British cohort: a retrospective study, European-Society-of-Cardiology (ESC) Congress, Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS, Pages: 3561-3561, ISSN: 0195-668X
Topriceanu CC, Moon JC, Hardy R, et al., 2020, Associations between life-course frailty and later-life heart size and function in the 1946 NSHD British birth cohort-an epidemiological study, European-Society-of-Cardiology (ESC) Congress, Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS, Pages: 2835-2835, ISSN: 0195-668X
Michail M, Thakur U, Comella A, et al., 2020, Angiographic Functional Scoring of Coronary Artery Disease Predicts Mortality in PatientsWith Severe Aortic Stenosis Undergoing TAVR, CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE, Vol: 21, Pages: 1336-1342, ISSN: 1553-8389
Wang J, Tillin T, Hughes AD, et al., 2020, Subclinical macro and microvascular disease is differently associated with depressive symptoms in men and women: Findings from the SABRE population-based study, ATHEROSCLEROSIS, Vol: 312, Pages: 35-42, ISSN: 0021-9150
Carter AR, Santos Ferreira DL, Taylor AE, et al., 2020, Role of the Metabolic Profile in Mediating the Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Left Ventricular Mass in Adolescents: Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION, Vol: 9
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- Citations: 1
Jones S, Tillin T, Park C, et al., 2020, Cohort Profile Update: Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study: a UK population-based comparison of cardiovascular disease and diabetes in people of European, South Asian and African Caribbean heritage, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, Vol: 49, Pages: 1441-+, ISSN: 0300-5771
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- Citations: 13
Joshi R, Wannamethee SG, Engmann J, et al., 2020, Triglyceride-containing lipoprotein sub-fractions and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: A prospective analysis in 11,560 adults, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY, Vol: 27, Pages: 1617-1626, ISSN: 2047-4873
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- Citations: 15
Giudici A, Palombo C, Kozakova M, et al., 2020, Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery Significantly Improves Carotid and Cardiac Function in Apparently Healthy People with Morbid Obesity, OBESITY SURGERY, Vol: 30, Pages: 3776-3783, ISSN: 0960-8923
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- Citations: 10
Picone DS, Schultz MG, Hughes AD, et al., 2020, Cuff Under Pressure for Greater Accuracy, CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS, Vol: 22, ISSN: 1522-6417
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- Citations: 3
Taylor H, Park C, Williams S, et al., 2020, Mediation by blood pressure and other biomarkers of relationships between adiposity and left ventricular mass in early adulthood, Publisher: SPRINGERNATURE, ISSN: 0950-9240
D'Silva A, Captur G, Bhuva AN, et al., 2020, Recreational marathon running does not cause exercise-induced left ventricular hypertrabeculation, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY, Vol: 315, Pages: 67-71, ISSN: 0167-5273
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- Citations: 9
Topriceanu C-C, Wong A, Moon JC, et al., 2020, Inequality in access to health and care services during lockdown – Findings from the COVID-19 survey in five UK national longitudinal studies
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Access to health services and adequate care is influenced by sex, ethnicity, socio-economic position (SEP) and burden of co-morbidities. However, it is unknown whether the COVID-19 pandemic further deepened these already existing health inequalities.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Participants were from five longitudinal age-homogenous British cohorts (born in 2001, 1990, 1970, 1958 and 1946). A web and telephone-based survey provided data on cancelled surgical or medical appointments, and the number of care hours received during the UK COVID-19 national lockdown. Using binary or ordered logistic regression, we evaluated whether these outcomes differed by sex, ethnicity, SEP and having a chronic illness. Adjustment was made for study-design, non-response weights, psychological distress, presence of children or adolescents in the household, keyworker status, and whether participants had received a shielding letter. Meta-analyses were performed across the cohorts and meta-regression evaluated the effect of age as a moderator.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings</jats:title><jats:p>14891 participants were included. Females (OR 1·40, 95% confidence interval [1·27,1·55]) and those with a chronic illness (OR 1·84 [1·65-2·05]) experienced significantly more cancellations during lockdown (all <jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0·0001). Ethnic minorities and those with a chronic illness required a higher number of care hours during the lockdown (both OR ≈2·00, all <jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0·002). Age was not independently associated with either outcome in meta-regression. SEP was not associated with cancellation or care hours.<
Cecelja M, Keehn L, Ye L, et al., 2020, Genetic aetiology of blood pressure relates to aortic stiffness with bi-directional causality: evidence from heritability, blood pressure polymorphisms, and Mendelian randomization, EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL, Vol: 41, Pages: 3314-+, ISSN: 0195-668X
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- Citations: 20
Timmons JG, Greenlaw N, Welsh P, et al., 2020, Metformin and renal function in type 1 diabetes: The REMOVAL (REducing with MetfOrmin Vascular Adverse Lesions) trial, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 142-142, ISSN: 0742-3071
Mason SA, Al Saikhan L, Jones S, et al., 2020, Study Protocol - Insight 46 Cardiovascular: A Sub-study of the MRC National Survey of Health and Development, ARTERY RESEARCH, Vol: 26, Pages: 170-179, ISSN: 1872-9312
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- Citations: 2
Khanolkar AR, Chaturvedi N, Davis D, et al., 2020, INEQUALITIES IN THE PREVALENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMORBIDITY ACROSS ADULTHOOD: FINDINGS FROM THE 1946 NATIONAL SURVEY OF HEALTH & DEVELOPMENT, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A10-A10, ISSN: 0143-005X
Saikhan LA, Alobaida M, Bhuva A, et al., 2020, Imaging protocol, feasibility and reproducibility of cardiovascular phenotyping in a large tri-ethnic population-based study of older people: the Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>People of South Asian and African Caribbean ethnicities living in UK have a high risk of cardiometabolic disease. Limited data exist regarding detailed cardiometabolic phenotyping in this population. Methods enabling this are widely available, but the practical aspects of undertaking such studies in large and diverse samples are seldom reported.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>The Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study is the UK’s largest tri-ethnic longitudinal cohort. Over 1400 surviving participants (58-85 y) attended the 2<jats:sup>nd</jats:sup> study-visit (2008-2011) during which comprehensive cardiovascular phenotyping, including 3D-echocardiography (3D-speckle-tracking (3D-STE)), computed tomography, coronary artery calcium scoring, pulse-wave velocity, central blood pressure, carotid artery ultrasound and retinal imaging were performed. We describe the methods used with the aim of providing a guide to their feasibility and reproducibility in a large tri-ethnic population-based study of older people.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Conventional echocardiography and all vascular measurements showed high feasibility (>90% analyzable of clinic-attendees). 3DE and 3D-STE were less feasible in this age group (76% 3DE acquisition feasibility and 38% 3D-STE feasibility of clinic-attendees). Intra- and inter-observer variabilities were excellent for most of conventional and advanced echocardiographic measures. The test-retest reproducibility was good-excellent and fair-good for conventional and advanced echocardiographic measures, respectively, but lower than when re-reading the same images. All vascular measures demonstrated excellent or fair-good reproducibility.</jats:
Khanolkar AR, Chaturvedi N, Kuan V, et al., 2020, Socioeconomic inequalities in prevalence and development of multimorbidity across adulthood: findings from the MRC 1946 National Survey of Health & Development
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective</jats:title><jats:p>To estimate multimorbidity trajectories and quantify socioeconomic inequalities based on both childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position in the risks and rates of adult multimorbidity accumulation.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>Prospective longitudinal national birth cohort study.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Participants from the 1946 National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) who attended the age 36 assessment in 1982 and any one of the follow-up assessments at ages 43, 53, 63 & 69 (N=3,723, 51% males). Information on 18 health conditions was based on a combination of self-report, biomarkers, health records and prescribed medications. We estimated multimorbidity trajectories and delineated socioeconomic inequalities (based on childhood and adulthood social class and highest education) in multimorbidity at each age and in longitudinal trajectories.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Multimorbidity increased with age from 0.7 conditions on average at 36 years to 3.7 at 69 years. Multimorbidity accumulation was non-linear, accelerating with age at the rate of 0.08 conditions/year (95% CI 0.07-0.09) at 36-43 years to 0.19 conditions/year (95% CI 0.18-0.20) at 63-69 years. At all ages, the most socio-economically disadvantaged had 1.2 to 1.4 times greater number of conditions on average compared to the most advantaged. The most socioeconomically disadvantaged by each socioeconomic indicator experienced an additional 0.39 conditions (childhood social class), 0.83 (adult social class) and 1.08 conditions (adult education) at age 69 years, independent of all other socioeconomic indicators. Adverse adulthood socioeconomi
Topriceanu C-C, Moon JC, Hardy R, et al., 2020, Life-course burden of health deficits associates with later-life heart size and function in the 1946 British birth cohort
<jats:title>ABSTRACT</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim</jats:title><jats:p>To study the association between the life-course accumulation of health deficits and later-life heart size and function using data from the 1946 National Survey of Heath and Development (NSHD) British birth cohort, the world’s longest running birth cohort with continuous follow-up.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods and Results</jats:title><jats:p>A multidimensional health deficit index (DI) looking at 45-health deficits was serially calculated at 4 time periods of the life-course in NSHD participants (0-16, 19-44, 45-54 and 60 to 64 years), and from these the mean and total DI for the life-course was derived (DI<jats:sub>mean</jats:sub>, DI<jats:sub>sum</jats:sub>). The step change in deficit accumulation from one time period to another was also calculated. Echocardiographic data at 60-64 years provided: ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular mass indexed to body surface area (LVmassi, BSA), myocardial contraction fraction indexed to BSA (MCF<jats:sub>i</jats:sub>) and E/e’. Generalized linear models assessed the association between DIs and echocardiographic parameters after adjustment for sex, socio-economic position and body mass index.</jats:p><jats:p>1,375 NSHD participants were included (46.47% male). For each single new deficit accumulated at any one of the 4 time periods of the life-course, LVmass<jats:sub>i</jats:sub> increased by 0.91-1.44% (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.013), while MCF<jats:sub>i</jats:sub> decreased by 0.6-1.02% (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.05 except at 45-54 years). One unit increase in DI at age 45-54 and 60-64 decreased LV EF by 11-12% (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic><0.013). A single deficit step change occurring between 60-64 yea
Howe LD, Kanayalal R, Harrison S, et al., 2020, Effects of body mass index on relationship status, social contact and socio-economic position: Mendelian randomization and within-sibling study in UK Biobank, International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol: 49, Pages: 1173-1184, ISSN: 0300-5771
BackgroundWe assessed whether body mass index (BMI) affects social and socio-economic outcomes.MethodsWe used Mendelian randomization (MR), non-linear MR and non-genetic and MR within-sibling analyses, to estimate relationships of BMI with six socio-economic and four social outcomes in 378 244 people of European ancestry in UK Biobank.ResultsIn MR of minimally related individuals, higher BMI was related to higher deprivation, lower income, fewer years of education, lower odds of degree-level education and skilled employment. Non-linear MR suggested both low (bottom decile, <22 kg/m2) and high (top seven deciles, >24.6 kg/m2) BMI, increased deprivation and reduced income. Non-genetic within-sibling analysis supported an effect of BMI on socio-economic position (SEP); precision in within-sibling MR was too low to draw inference about effects of BMI on SEP. There was some evidence of pleiotropy, with MR Egger suggesting limited effects of BMI on deprivation, although precision of these estimates is also low. Non-linear MR suggested that low BMI (bottom three deciles, <23.5 kg/m2) reduces the odds of cohabiting with a partner or spouse in men, whereas high BMI (top two deciles, >30.7 kg/m2) reduces the odds of cohabitation in women. Both non-genetic and MR within-sibling analyses supported this sex-specific effect of BMI on cohabitation. In men only, higher BMI was related to lower participation in leisure and social activities. There was little evidence that BMI affects visits from friends and family or having someone to confide in.ConclusionsBMI may affect social and socio-economic outcomes, with both high and low BMI being detrimental for SEP, although larger within-family MR studies may help to test the robustness of MR results in unrelated individuals. Triangulation of evidence across MR and within-family analyses supports evidence of a sex-specific effect of BMI on cohabitation.
Bann D, Villadsen A, Maddock J, et al., 2020, Changes in the behavioural determinants of health during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: gender, socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities in 5 British cohort studies
<jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and physical distancing measures are expected to have far-reaching consequences on population health, particularly in already disadvantaged groups. These consequences include changes in health impacting behaviours (such as exercise, sleep, diet and alcohol use) which are important drivers of health inequalities. We sought to add to the rapidly developing empirical evidence base investigating the impacts of the pandemic on such behavioural outcomes.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>Using data from five nationally representative British cohort studies (born 2000-2, 1989-90, 1970, 1958, and 1946), we investigated sleep, physical activity (exercise), diet, and alcohol intake (N=14,297). Using measures of each behaviour reported before and during lockdown, we investigated change in each behaviour, and whether such changes differed by age/cohort, gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic position (SEP; childhood social class, education attainment, and adult reporting of financial difficulties). Binary logistic regression models were used, accounting for study design and incorporating non-response weights, to estimate absolute differences in each outcome before and during lockdown within each cohort. Meta-analysis was used to pool cohort-specific estimates and formally test for heterogeneity across cohorts.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Changes in these outcomes occurred in both directions, i.e. shifts from the middle part of the distribution to both declines and increases in sleep, exercise, and alcohol use. For all outcomes, older cohorts were less likely to report changes in behaviours compared with younger cohorts. In the youngest cohort (born 2001), the following shifts were more evident: increases in exercise, fruit
Brumpton B, Sanderson E, Heilbron K, et al., 2020, Avoiding dynastic, assortative mating, and population stratification biases in Mendelian randomization through within-family analyses, NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, Vol: 11
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- Citations: 112
Bhuva AN, D'Silva A, Torlasco C, et al., 2020, Non-invasive assessment of ventriculo-arterial coupling using aortic wave intensity analysis combining central blood pressure and phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance, EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING, Vol: 21, Pages: 805-813, ISSN: 2047-2404
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- Citations: 10
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