Publications
1335 results found
Topriceanu C-C, Alfarih M, Hughes AD, et al., 2023, The atrial and ventricular myocardial proteome of end-stage lamin heart disease., Acta Myol, Vol: 42, Pages: 43-52
Lamins A/C (encoded by LMNA gene) can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). This pilot study sought to explore the postgenomic phenotype of end-stage lamin heart disease. Consecutive patients with end-stage lamin heart disease (LMNA-group, n = 7) and ischaemic DCM (ICM-group, n = 7) undergoing heart transplantation were prospectively enrolled. Samples were obtained from left atrium (LA), left ventricle (LV), right atrium (RA), right ventricle (RV) and interventricular septum (IVS), avoiding the infarcted myocardial segments in the ICM-group. Samples were analysed using a discovery 'shotgun' proteomics approach. We found that 990 proteins were differentially abundant between LMNA and ICM samples with the LA being most perturbed (16-fold more than the LV). Abundance of lamin A/C protein was reduced, but lamin B increased in LMNA LA/RA tissue compared to ICM, but not in LV/RV. Carbonic anhydrase 3 (CA3) was over-abundant across all LMNA tissue samples (LA, LV, RA, RV, and IVS) when compared to ICM. Transthyretin was more abundant in the LV/RV of LMNA compared to ICM, while sarcomeric proteins such as titin and cardiac alpha-cardiac myosin heavy chain were generally less abundant in RA/LA of LMNA. Protein expression profiling and enrichment analysis pointed towards sarcopenia, extracellular matrix remodeling, deficient myocardial energetics, redox imbalances, and abnormal calcium handling in LMNA samples. Compared to ICM, end-stage lamin heart disease is a biventricular but especially a biatrial disease appearing to have an abundance of lamin B, CA3 and transthyretin, potentially hinting to compensatory responses.
Walmsley R, Watson E, Laidlaw A, et al., 2023, The Challenges of Visualisation During Delivery and Assessment of Clinical Teaching Under COVID-19: A Reflective Account of Problem Solving, Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Pages: 199-213, ISBN: 9783031171345
van Dinther M, Bennett J, Thornton GD, et al., 2023, Evaluation of Microvascular Rarefaction in Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Heart Failure (CRUCIAL): Study Protocol for an Observational Study., Cerebrovasc Dis Extra, Vol: 13, Pages: 18-32
INTRODUCTION: Microvascular rarefaction, the functional reduction in perfused microvessels and structural reduction of microvascular density, seems to be an important mechanism in the pathophysiology of small blood vessel-related disorders including vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) due to cerebral small vessel disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Both diseases share common risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and ageing; in turn, these comorbidities are associated with microvascular rarefaction. Our consortium aims to investigate novel non-invasive tools to quantify microvascular health and rarefaction in both organs, as well as surrogate biomarkers for cerebral and/or cardiac rarefaction (via sublingual capillary health, vascular density of the retina, and RNA content of circulating extracellular vesicles), and to determine whether microvascular density relates to disease severity. METHODS: The clinical research program of CRUCIAL consists of four observational cohort studies. We aim to recruit 75 VCI patients, 60 HFpEF patients, 60 patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement as a pressure overload HFpEF model, and 200 elderly participants with mixed comorbidities to serve as controls. Data collected will include medical history, physical examination, cognitive testing, advanced brain and cardiac MRI, ECG, echocardiography, sublingual capillary health, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTa), extracellular vesicles RNA analysis, and myocardial remodelling-related serum biomarkers. The AS cohort undergoing surgery will also have myocardial biopsy for histological microvascular assessment. DISCUSSION: CRUCIAL will examine the pathophysiological role of microvascular rarefaction in VCI and HFpEF using advanced brain and cardiac MRI techniques. Furthermore, we will investigate surrogate biomarkers for non-invasive, faster, easier, and cheaper assessment of m
Elliott HR, Burrows K, Min JL, et al., 2022, Characterisation of ethnic differences in DNA methylation between UK-resident South Asians and Europeans, CLINICAL EPIGENETICS, Vol: 14, ISSN: 1868-7075
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- Citations: 3
Christie IN, Windsor R, Mutsaerts HJMM, et al., 2022, Cerebral perfusion in untreated, controlled, and uncontrolled hypertension, JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM, Vol: 42, Pages: 2188-2190, ISSN: 0271-678X
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- Citations: 2
Clarke SLN, Jones HJ, Sharp GC, et al., 2022, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis polygenic risk scores are associated with cardiovascular phenotypes in early adulthood: a phenome-wide association study, PEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY, Vol: 20
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- Citations: 1
Topriceanu C-C, Webber M, Chan F, et al., 2022, APOE ε4 Carriage Associates With Improved Myocardial Performance in Older Age, Scientific Sessions of the American-Heart-Association / Resuscitation Science Symposium, Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, ISSN: 0009-7322
Molinari M, Cremaschi A, De Iorio M, et al., 2022, Bayesian nonparametric modelling of multiple graphs with an application to ethnic metabolic differences, JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C-APPLIED STATISTICS, Vol: 71, Pages: 1181-1204, ISSN: 0035-9254
Wels J, Wielgoszewska B, Moltrecht B, et al., 2022, Home working and its association with social and mental wellbeing at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from seven UK longitudinal population surveys
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>Home working rates have increased since the COVID-19 pandemic’s onset, but the health implications of this transformation are unclear. We assessed the association between home working and social and mental wellbeing through harmonised analyses of seven UK longitudinal studies.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We estimated associations between home working and measures of psychological distress, low life satisfaction, poor self-rated health, low social contact, and loneliness across three different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic (T1= Apr-Jun 2020 – first lockdown, T2=Jul-Oct 2020 – eased restrictions, T3=Nov 2020-Mar 2021 – second lockdown), in seven population-based cohort studies using modified Poisson regression and meta-analyses to pool results across studies.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings</jats:title><jats:p>Among 34,131 observations spread over three time points, we found higher rates of home working at T1 and T3 compared with T2, reflecting lockdown periods. Home working was not associated with psychological distress at T1 (RR=0.92, 95%CI=0.79-1.08) or T2 (RR=0.99, 95%CI=0.88-1.11), but a detrimental association was found with psychological distress at T3 (RR=1.17, 95%CI=1.05-1.30). Poorer psychological distress associated with home working was observed for those educated to below degree level at T2 and T3. Men working from home reported poorer self-reported health at T2.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interpretation</jats:title><jats:p>No clear evidence of an association between home working and mental wellbeing was found, apart from greater risk of psychological distress associated with home working during the second lockdown, but differences
Bui T, Picone DS, Schultz MG, et al., 2022, Comparison between cuff-based and invasive systolic blood pressure amplification, JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, Vol: 40, Pages: 2037-2044, ISSN: 0263-6352
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- Citations: 1
Aizawa K, Hughes AD, Casanova F, et al., 2022, Reservoir Pressure Integral Is Independently Associated With the Reduction in Renal Function in Older Adults, HYPERTENSION, Vol: 79, Pages: 2364-2372, ISSN: 0194-911X
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- Citations: 1
Green MJ, Maddock J, Di Gessa G, et al., 2022, The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and smoking, alcohol consumption and vaping during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys, BMC MEDICINE, Vol: 20, ISSN: 1741-7015
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- Citations: 1
Molinari M, Cremaschi A, De Iorio M, et al., 2022, Bayesian dynamic network modelling: an application to metabolic associations in cardiovascular diseases, JOURNAL OF APPLIED STATISTICS, ISSN: 0266-4763
Knuppel A, Eastwood SV, Silverwood RJ, et al., 2022, The role of glycated haemoglobin, body mass index and waist-to-hip ratio in determining the risk of COVID-19 and long COVID, Publisher: SPRINGER, Pages: S188-S189, ISSN: 0012-186X
Jamieson A, Astin R, Bell R, et al., 2022, Skeletal muscle oxygen consumption and oxidative capacity in long COVID measured using Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 723-723, ISSN: 1748-1708
Jones S, Schultz MG, Park C, et al., 2022, Antihypertensive treatment effect on exercise blood pressure and exercise capacity in older adults, JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, Vol: 40, Pages: 1682-1691, ISSN: 0263-6352
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- Citations: 1
Wels J, Booth C, Wielgoszewska B, et al., 2022, Mental and social wellbeing and the UK coronavirus job retention scheme: Evidence from nine longitudinal studies, SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE, Vol: 308, ISSN: 0277-9536
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- Citations: 8
Palombo C, Kozakova M, Morizzo C, et al., 2022, Carotid reservoir pressure decrease after prolonged head down tilt bed rest in young healthy subjects is associated with reduction in left ventricular ejection time and diastolic length (vol 13, 866045, 2022), FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY, Vol: 13
Mason SA, Al Saikhan L, Jones S, et al., 2022, Association between carotid atherosclerosis and brain activation patterns during the Stroop task in older adults: An fNIRS investigation, NEUROIMAGE, Vol: 257, ISSN: 1053-8119
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- Citations: 2
Evans RA, Leavy OC, Richardson M, et al., 2022, Clinical characteristics with inflammation profiling of long COVID and association with 1-year recovery following hospitalisation in the UK: a prospective observational study, The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Vol: 10, Pages: 761-775, ISSN: 2213-2600
BackgroundNo effective pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions exist for patients with long COVID. We aimed to describe recovery 1 year after hospital discharge for COVID-19, identify factors associated with patient-perceived recovery, and identify potential therapeutic targets by describing the underlying inflammatory profiles of the previously described recovery clusters at 5 months after hospital discharge.MethodsThe Post-hospitalisation COVID-19 study (PHOSP-COVID) is a prospective, longitudinal cohort study recruiting adults (aged ≥18 years) discharged from hospital with COVID-19 across the UK. Recovery was assessed using patient-reported outcome measures, physical performance, and organ function at 5 months and 1 year after hospital discharge, and stratified by both patient-perceived recovery and recovery cluster. Hierarchical logistic regression modelling was performed for patient-perceived recovery at 1 year. Cluster analysis was done using the clustering large applications k-medoids approach using clinical outcomes at 5 months. Inflammatory protein profiling was analysed from plasma at the 5-month visit. This study is registered on the ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN10980107, and recruitment is ongoing.Findings2320 participants discharged from hospital between March 7, 2020, and April 18, 2021, were assessed at 5 months after discharge and 807 (32·7%) participants completed both the 5-month and 1-year visits. 279 (35·6%) of these 807 patients were women and 505 (64·4%) were men, with a mean age of 58·7 (SD 12·5) years, and 224 (27·8%) had received invasive mechanical ventilation (WHO class 7–9). The proportion of patients reporting full recovery was unchanged between 5 months (501 [25·5%] of 1965) and 1 year (232 [28·9%] of 804). Factors associated with being less likely to report full recovery at 1 year were female sex (odds ratio 0·68 [95% CI 0·46–0·99]), obes
Joshi R, Wannamethee G, Engmann J, et al., 2022, ASSOCIATION OF TRIGLYCERIDE AND CHOLESTEROL CONTENT IN FOURTEEN LIPOPROTEIN SUBFRACTIONS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE: A MENDELIAN RANDOMISATION ANALYSIS, Annual Meeting of the European-Astronomical-Society (EAS), Publisher: ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD, Pages: E148-E149, ISSN: 0021-9150
Wielgoszewska B, Maddock J, Green MJ, et al., 2022, The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys (vol 20, 147, 2022), BMC MEDICINE, Vol: 20, ISSN: 1741-7015
Sudre CH, Moriconi S, Rehwald R, et al., 2022, Accelerated vascular aging: Ethnic differences in basilar artery length and diameter, and its association with cardiovascular risk factors and cerebral small vessel disease, FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2297-055X
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- Citations: 1
Schmidt A, Joshi R, Kivimaki M, et al., 2022, Biomedical consequences of elevated cholesterol-containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p><jats:bold>Aims</jats:bold> To provide a comprehensive evaluation of the biomedical effects of circulating concentrations of cholesterol-containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins. <jats:bold>Methods and Results </jats:bold>Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to measure the cholesterol content of high density (HDL-C), very low-density (VLDL-C), intermediate-density (IDL-C), and low-density (LDL-C) lipoprotein fractions; apolipoproteins Apo-A1 and Apo-B; as well as total triglycerides (TG), remnant-cholesterol (Rem-chol) and total cholesterol (TC). The causal effects of these exposures were assessed against 33 cardiovascular as well as non-cardiovascular outcomes using two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR).<jats:bold> </jats:bold>We observed that most cholesterol containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins affected coronary heart disease (CHD), cIMT, carotid plaque, CRP and blood pressure. Through multivariable MR we showed that many of these exposures acted independently of the more commonly measured blood lipids: HDL-C, LDL-C and TG. We furthermore found that HF risk was increased by higher concentrations of TG, VLDL-C, Rem-Chol and Apo-B, often independently of LDL-C, HDL-C or TG. Finally, a smaller subset of these exposures could be robustly mapped to non-CVD traits such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD: HDL-C, LDL-C, IDL-C, Apo-B), type 2 diabetes (T2DM: VLDL-C, IDL-C, LDL-C), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD: LDL-C, IDL-C). <jats:bold>Conclusion </jats:bold>The cholesterol content of a wide range of lipoprotein and apolipoproteins affected measures of atherosclerosis and CHD, implicating subfractions beyond LDL-C. Novel findings include cholesterol-containing lipoproteins and apolipoproteins affecting HF, blood pressure, CRP, AD and IBD. Many of the observed effects acted independently of LDL-C
Jones S, Tillin T, Williams S, et al., 2022, Skeletal Muscle Tissue Saturation Changes Measured Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy During Exercise Are Associated With Post-Occlusive Reactive Hyperaemia, FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY, Vol: 13
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- Citations: 4
Alfarih M, Augusto JB, Knott KD, et al., 2022, Saturation-pulse prepared heart-rate independent inversion-recovery (SAPPHIRE) biventricular T1 mapping: inter-field strength, head-to-head comparison of diastolic, systolic and dark-blood measurements, BMC MEDICAL IMAGING, Vol: 22, ISSN: 1471-2342
To C, Aizawa K, Gates PE, et al., 2022, SHORT-TERM HIGH SALT INTAKE ADVERSELY AFFECTS PARAMETERS DERIVED FROM RESERVOIR-EXCESS PRESSURE ANALYSIS AND CENTRAL ARTERY HAEMODYNAMICS IN OVERWEIGHT/OBESE ADULTS, Journal of hypertension, Vol: 40
OBJECTIVE: The association between high salt intake and blood pressure is well-recognised. In overweight/obese individuals, obesity-associated hyperinsulinaemia augments renal sodium reabsorption and in combination with high salt intake this may alter blood pressure and arterial haemodynamics. We determined whether short-term high salt intake altered reservoir-excess pressure and central artery haemodynamic parameters in overweight/obese individuals. DESIGN AND METHOD: We studied 15 middle-aged and older adults (59.3 ± 6.4 yrs, 5F) who were overweight/obese with elevated systolic blood pressure (130 < SBP < 159 mmHg). In a double-blind cross-over design, they were randomly assigned to seven days of low salt diet (LSD: 50 mmol/day) or high salt intake (HIS: LSD with 200 mmol/day of sodium tablets) separated by a two-week washout period. The parameters derived from reservoir-excess pressure analysis including reservoir pressure integral, peak reservoir pressure (MAXPR), excess pressure integral (INTXSP), peak excess pressure (MAXXSP), systolic rate constant and diastolic rate constant (DRC) were obtained by radial artery tonometry. Additionally central artery haemodynamic parameters including aortic systolic pressure (aSBP), diastolic pressure (aDBP), pulse pressure (aPP) and subendocardial viability index (SVI) were derived from ensemble-averaged radial pulse waveform using generalised transfer function. Aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) was estimated as proposed by Hughes et al (Front Physiol. 2020). RESULTS: MAXPR (111.0 ± 10.9 vs 105.4 ± 10.4 mmHg), MAXXSP (41.7 ± 12.0 vs 36.6 ± 5.7 mmHg) and DRC (2.0 ± 0.4 vs 1.8 ± 0.3 s-1) were higher following HIS compared to LSD (p < 0.05). There was no convincing evidence that INTXSP was greater following HIS than LSD (6.9 ± 3.2 vs 5.8 ± 1.6 mmHg s, p = 0.055). aSBP (126.3 ± 15.4 vs 117.6 ± 10.1 mmHg), aDBP (76.3 ± 6.2 vs 73.1 ±
Jordan AN, Aizawa K, Gooding KM, et al., 2022, ARTERIAL HAEMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS LINKED TO ARTERIAL PULSATILITY, EXCESS WAVE PROPAGATION AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION, Journal of hypertension, Vol: 40
OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is associated with the development of cognitive impairment and dementia in an ageing population. Aortic stiffness and alterations in central artery haemodynamics could intensify the penetration of excess wave energy into the cerebral circulation, damaging the microvasculature in addition to age-associated vascular changes. We aimed to determine whether haemodynamic parameters linked to arterial pulsatility and excess wave propagation was associated with cognitive function in a sample of normotensive and hypertensive individuals. DESIGN AND METHOD: We studied 35 treatment-naïve patients with stage II/III hypertension (HT: 63.8 ± 7.4yrs, 19F, SBP 175.6 ± 16.8 mmHg) and 35 age-, sex- and body mass index-matched normotensive individuals (NT: SBP 127.2 ± 8.2 mmHg). Indices of excess pressure including excess pressure integral (INTXSP) and peak excess pressure (MAXXSP) were obtained by radial artery tonometry. Aortic forward compression wave intensity (FCWI) and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) were estimated as proposed by Hughes et al (Front Physiol. 2020). A battery of cognitive examination tests was administered including Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III (ACE), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Trail making test part A (TMT-A) and B (TMT-B). RESULTS: Both INTXSP (9.2 ± 2.7 vs 5.4 ± 1.2 mmHg s) and MAXXSP (54.1 ± 12.8 vs 33.4 ± 5.9 mmHg) were significantly higher in HT compared to NT (p < 0.001). Additionally, FCWI [14.9 (12.0-20.0) vs 8.0 (6.8-9.3) x105 W/m2] and aPWV (7.2 ± 1.7 vs 4.5 ± 0.8 m/s) were significantly greater in HT compared with NT (p < 0.001). Higher INTXSP was associated with poorer ACE (rs = -0.310, p = 0.009), longer TMT-A (r = 0.409, p < 0.001) and TMT-B (r = 0.380, p = 0.001). Similarly, higher MAXXSP was associated with poorer ACE (rs = -0.343, p = 0.004), longer TMT-A (r = 0.397, p = 0.001) and TMT-B (r = 0.330, p = 0.006), and greater
O'Nunain KM, Park CD, Urquijo H, et al., 2022, A lifecourse mendelian randomization study highlights the long-term influence of childhood body size on later life heart structure, PLOS BIOLOGY, Vol: 20, ISSN: 1544-9173
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- Citations: 2
To C, Aizawa K, Gates PE, et al., 2022, SHORT-TERM HIGH SALT INTAKE ADVERSELY AFFECTS PARAMETERS DERIVED FROM RESERVOIR-EXCESS PRESSURE ANALYSIS AND CENTRAL ARTERY HAEMODYNAMICS IN OVERWEIGHT/OBESE ADULTS, 31st Annual Scientific Meeting of the European-Society-of-Hypertension (ESH) on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection, Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, Pages: E259-E259, ISSN: 0263-6352
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