Publications
1331 results found
Mayet J, Shahi M, Hughes AD, et al., 1995, Left ventricular structure and function in previously untreated hypertensive patients: the importance of blood pressure, the nocturnal blood pressure dip and heart rate., J Cardiovasc Risk, Vol: 2, Pages: 255-261, ISSN: 1350-6277
BACKGROUND: Cardiac assessment is an important part of risk stratification in hypertensive patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy in particular is a powerful predictor of subsequent cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Previous studies assessing haemodynamic factors that may be responsible for cardiac changes in hypertensive patients have been performed in those previously treated for hypertension. To investigate more fully these haemodynamic relationships, a large group of previously untreated patients were studied. METHODS: Ninety-eight previously untreated hypertensive patients underwent electrocardiography, two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography, 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and exercise stress testing. RESULTS: The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was more closely related to mean 24 h than to clinic blood pressures (24 h systolic r = 0.48, P < 0.01; 24 h diastolic r = 0.49, P < 0.01; clinic systolic r = 0.28, P < 0.01; clinic diastolic r = 0.31, P < 0.01). In addition, the systolic nocturnal blood pressure dip was found to be inversely related to LVMI in men (r = -0.32, P < 0.01). Of the indices of left ventricular diastolic function, age (r = -0.64, P < 0.01), heart rate (r = -0.25, P = 0.02) and LVMI (r = -0.22, P = 0.02) were independently related to the E-A ratio. Age (r = 0.40, P < 0.01), blood pressure (systolic r = 0.39, P < 0.01; diastolic r = 0.43, P < 0.01), the nocturnal blood pressure dip (systolic r = -0.38, P < 0.01, diastolic r = -0.31, P < 0.01) and LVMI (r = 0.37, P < 0.01) were independently related to the isovolumic relaxation time. CONCLUSIONS: Blood pressure was the only independent determinant of LVMI; nocturnal blood pressure may be particularly important in men. Age and both haemodynamic and structural factors are independent determinants of parameters of left ventricular diastolic function in hypertensive patients.
Clunn GF, Schachter M, Hughes AD, 1995, Contrasting mechanisms of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) elevation by angiotensin II (AII) and platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)., Biochem Soc Trans, Vol: 23, ISSN: 0300-5127
HUGHES AD, SCHACHTER M, 1995, AlF4- inhibits influx of Ca2+ into vascular smooth muscle cells., 653rd Meeting of the Biochemical-Society-of-London, Pages: S171-S171
GARCHA RS, HUGHES AD, 1995, INHIBITION OF NOREPINEPHRINE AND CAFFEINE-INDUCED ACTIVATION BY RYANODINE AND THAPSIGARGIN IN RAT MESENTERIC-ARTERIES, JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 25, Pages: 840-846, ISSN: 0160-2446
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- Citations: 17
CLUNN GF, SCHACHTER M, HUGHES AD, 1995, CONTRASTING MECHANISMS OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM ([CA2+](I)) ELEVATION BY ANGIOTENSIN-II (AII) AND PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH FACTOR-BB (PDGF-BB) IN HUMAN VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS (VSMCS), 653rd Meeting of the Biochemical-Society-of-London, Publisher: PORTLAND PRESS, Pages: S170-S170, ISSN: 0300-5127
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- Citations: 5
CLUNN GF, SCHACHTER M, HUGHES AD, 1995, Contrasting mechanisms of intracellular calcium ([Ca2+](i)) elevation by angiotensin II (AII) and platelet derived growth Factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in human vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)., 653rd Meeting of the Biochemical-Society-of-London, Pages: S170-S170
Hughes AD, Schachter M, 1995, AIF4- inhibits influx of Ca2+ into vascular smooth muscle cells., Biochem Soc Trans, Vol: 23, ISSN: 0300-5127
HUGHES AD, SCHACHTER M, 1995, ALF4- INHIBITS INFLUX OF CA2+ INTO VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS, 653rd Meeting of the Biochemical-Society-of-London, Publisher: PORTLAND PRESS, Pages: S171-S171, ISSN: 0300-5127
PICKKERS P, HUGHES AD, 1995, THE ACTION OF HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE ON FORCE AND INTRACELLULAR CA2+ IN GUINEA-PIG ISOLATED MESENTERIC SMALL ARTERIES, Publisher: STOCKTON PRESS, Pages: P98-P98, ISSN: 0007-1188
HUGHES AD, PATEL M, WIJETUNGE S, et al., 1995, COMPARISON OF EFFECTS OF PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH-FACTOR ISOFORMS ON SIGNALING AND DNA-SYNTHESIS OF HUMAN CULTURED SAPHENOUS-VEIN CELLS, JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 25, Pages: 481-485, ISSN: 0160-2446
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- Citations: 17
TOMA C, JENSEN PE, PRIETO D, et al., 1995, EFFECTS OF TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS ON THE CONTRACTILITY OF RAT MESENTERIC RESISTANCE ARTERIES, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 114, Pages: 1266-1272, ISSN: 0007-1188
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- Citations: 70
PICKKERS P, HUGHES AD, 1995, RELAXATION AND DECREASE IN [CA2+](I) BY HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE IN GUINEA-PIG ISOLATED MESENTERIC-ARTERIES, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 114, Pages: 703-707, ISSN: 0007-1188
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- Citations: 24
Hughes AD, Schachter M, 1995, AlF<inf>4</inf><sup>-</sup> inhibits influx of Ca<sup>2+</sup> into vascular smooth muscle cells, Biochemical Society Transactions, Vol: 23, ISSN: 0300-5127
Pickkers P, Russel FGM, Hughes AD, et al., 1995, Hydrochlorothiazide exerts no direct vasoactivity in the human forearm, Journal of Hypertension, Vol: 13, Pages: 1833-1836, ISSN: 0263-6352
Background: Recently, hydrochlorothiazide has been shown to relax vascular smooth muscle in vitro in clinically relevant concentrations by the opening of calcium-activated potassium channels, leading to hyperpolarization and consequent closing of voltage-operated calcium channels. Long-term administration of hydrochlorothiazide reduces peripheral vascular resistance in vivo in man. These results indicate that hydrochlorothiazide has hemodynamic activity, and we therefore examined the direct vascular action of this drug in vivo. Subjects and methods: Forearm vasodilator responses to the infusion of a placebo and five increasing doses of hydrochlorothiazide into the brachial artery were recorded by venous occlusion strain-gauge plethysmography (perfused forearm technique) in eight normotensive male volunteers. Venous samples were taken from an ipsilateral antecubital vein at the end of each infusion period to measure the hydrochlorothiazide concentration. Results and discussion: Plasma concentrations of hydrochlorothiazide averaged 3.5±0.3 pg/ml at the highest infusion rate. This concentration leads to a 60±10% relaxation in vitro and is more than 10 times the therapeutic plasma concentration. Despite these supratherapeutic levels, we were unable to demonstrate a change in forearm blood flow and vascular resistance. Also, no significant changes were observed in blood pressure and heart rate. Conclusion: In contrast to in vitro results, hydrochlorothiazide does not exert any direct vasoactivity in the forearm vascular bed of healthy normotensive male volunteers at (supra)therapeutic plasma concentrations. © Lippincott-Raven Publishers.
Stanton AV, Wasan B, Cerutti A, et al., 1995, Vascular network changes in the retina with age and hypertension, Journal of Hypertension, Vol: 13, Pages: 1724-1728, ISSN: 0263-6352
Objective: To compare retinal arterial bifurcation geometry in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Design: A retrospective observational study. Methods: Fluorescein angiograms of normotensive (n = 13) and hypertensive (n = 12) subjects aged 30-80 years with uni-ocular retinal pathology were compared. Quantification of diameters of the parent, larger daughter and smaller daughter vessels (do, di and d2, respectively) and of bifurcation angles (the angle between the two daughter arterioles, to) of arteriolar bifurcations was performed from digitized retinal angiograms of the uninvolved eye. The relative diameters of parent and daughter vessels at bifurcations were summarized by junction exponents (x) such that d-j<sup>x</sup> + d<inf>2</inf> <sup>x</sup> — d<inf>0</inf> <sup>x</sup>. Results: Junction exponents were similar for normotensives and hypertensives (meanstSEM, 2.65±0.18 and 2.48±0.17), but analysis of covariance showed a parallel decrease in x in the two groups with age. A positive association was found between x and arteriolar microvascular density. Bifurcation angles were more acute in hypertensives (74±3°) than in normotensives (84 + 3°) and declined with increasing age in both groups. Conclusions: The present findings indicate that ageing and possibly hypertension are associated with disadvantageous branching geometry in the human retinal vasculature, implying increased power costs of blood transport, uneven distribution of shear forces throughout the vascular tree and microvascular rarefaction. The present findings may have important implications for our understanding of the pathogenesis of vascular disease in ageing and hypertension and offer the prospect of a novel sensitive diagnostic approach to the cardiovascular system. © Lippincott-Raven Publishers.
IBRAHIM J, SCHACHTER M, HUGHES AD, et al., 1995, ROLE OF POLYAMINES IN HYPERTENSION INDUCED BY ANGIOTENSIN-II, CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, Vol: 29, Pages: 50-56, ISSN: 0008-6363
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- Citations: 22
HUGHES AD, 1995, INCREASE IN TONE AND INTRACELLULAR CA2+ IN RABBIT ISOLATED EAR ARTERY BY PLATELET-DERIVED GROWTH-FACTOR, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 114, Pages: 138-142, ISSN: 0007-1188
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- Citations: 30
IBRAHIM J, 1995, Role of polyamines in hypertension induced by angiotensin II, Cardiovascular Research, Vol: 29, Pages: 50-56, ISSN: 0008-6363
Hughes AD, Sinclair AM, Geroulakos G, et al., 1995, Structural changes in the cardiovascular system of untreated essential hypertensives., Blood Press, Vol: 4, Pages: 42-47, ISSN: 0803-7051
Arterial hypertension is associated with structural changes in the cardiovascular system. This study has examined the effect of hypertension on the carotid artery wall and examined the relation between changes in the structure of carotid artery wall and left ventricle in untreated hypertensives. The carotid artery wall was visualized using a high resolution ultrasound technique in 37 untreated hypertensive patients (25 males, 12 females) and 37 age and sex matched normotensive individuals and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid artery diameter measured. IMT and intima-media cross sectional area was significantly greater in the hypertensive group compared with the normotensive group, though the carotid artery diameter did not differ significantly. There was a significant association between age and IMT in both groups. In the hypertensive group there was also a significant association between left ventricular mass index, ventricular septal or posterior wall thickness and IMT. This study indicates that there is an association between cardiac and carotid arterial structure in hypertension. Such a relationship may be important in understanding the associated risks of high blood pressure.
MUNRO E, PATEL M, CHAN P, et al., 1994, INHIBITION OF HUMAN VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELL-PROLIFERATION BY LOVASTATIN - THE ROLE OF ISOPRENOID INTERMEDIATES OF CHOLESTEROL-SYNTHESIS, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION, Vol: 24, Pages: 766-772, ISSN: 0014-2972
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- Citations: 87
GARCHA RS, HUGHES AD, 1994, ACTION OF HEPARIN AND RUTHENIUM RED ON RESPONSES OF REVERSIBLY-PERMEABILIZED RAT MESENTERIC-ARTERIES, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY-MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY SECTION, Vol: 268, Pages: 319-325, ISSN: 0922-4106
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- Citations: 9
FLETCHER A, HUGHES AD, SINGER DRJ, 1994, PROGRESS IN HYPERTENSION - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM OF THE LONDON-HYPERTENSION-SOCIETY, JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION, Vol: 8, Pages: 577-577, ISSN: 0950-9240
HUGHES AD, WIJETUNGE S, PARKINSON NA, 1994, ISOLATION OF SINGLE VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS FROM HUMAN OMENTAL RESISTANCE ARTERIES, JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION, Vol: 8, Pages: 615-618, ISSN: 0950-9240
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- Citations: 3
Hughes AD, Clunn GF, Schachter M, 1994, A comparison of calcium channel currents in vascular smooth muscle cells from Watanabe hereditary hypercholesterolaemic and New Zealand white rabbits., Biochem Soc Trans, Vol: 22, ISSN: 0300-5127
HUGHES AD, CLUNN GF, SCHACHTER M, 1994, A COMPARISON OF CALCIUM-CHANNEL CURRENTS IN VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS FROM WATANABE HEREDITARY HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC AND NEW-ZEALAND WHITE-RABBITS, 650th Meeting of the Biochemical-Society, Publisher: PORTLAND PRESS, Pages: S361-S361, ISSN: 0300-5127
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- Citations: 1
COOMBES JE, HUGHES AD, THOM SAM, 1994, MYOGENIC TONE IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM IN RAT ISOLATED MESENTERIC AND CEREBRAL SMALL ARTERIES, Publisher: STOCKTON PRESS, Pages: U74-U74, ISSN: 0007-1188
WIJETUNGE S, HUGHES AD, 1994, THE ACTION OF ENANTIOMERS OF AMLODIPINE ON VOLTAGE-OPERATED CALCIUM CHANNELS IN VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 112, Pages: U208-U208, ISSN: 0007-1188
GARCHA RS, HUGHES AD, 1994, EVIDENCE FOR A SINGLE INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM STORE MOBILIZED BY NORADRENALINE AND CAFFEINE IN RAT ISOLATED MESENTERIC-ARTERIES, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY, Vol: 112, Pages: U213-U213, ISSN: 0007-1188
HUGHES AD, CLUNN GF, SCHACHTER M, 1994, LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN AND CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS IN HUMAN VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS, 649th Meeting of the Biochemical-Society, Publisher: PORTLAND PRESS, Pages: S145-S145, ISSN: 0300-5127
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- Citations: 1
Hughes AD, Clunn GF, Schachter M, 1994, Low density lipoprotein and calcium homeostasis in human vascular smooth muscle cells., Biochem Soc Trans, Vol: 22, ISSN: 0300-5127
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