Publications
276 results found
Lalvani A, Pareek M, Pollock KM, 2014, Immunodiagnosis of Tuberculosis Infection, Clinical Tuberculosis, Fifth Edition, Editors: Davies, Gordon, Davies, Publisher: CRC Press, ISBN: 9781444154351
Dhasmana DJ, Ross C, Bradley C, et al., 2014, Performance of Xpert MTB/RIF in the diagnosis of tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenopathy by endobronchial ultrasound., Annals of the American Thoracic Society, Vol: 11, Pages: 392-396, ISSN: 2329-6933
RATIONALE: The Xpert (GeneXpert) MTB/RIF, an integrated polymerase chain reaction assay, has not been systematically studied in extrapulmonary and in particular mediastinal tuberculosis (TB). OBJECTIVES: To investigate the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF in the diagnosis of intrathoracic nodal TB in a large tertiary urban medical center in the UK. METHODS: We collected clinical, cytological, and microbiological data from two cohorts: 116 consecutive patients referred with mediastinal lymphadenopathy with detailed diagnostic information obtained, and an immediately subsequent second cohort of 52 consecutive patients with microbiologically confirmed mediastinal TB lymphadenopathy. All data were derived between January 2010 and October 2012. All patients underwent endobronchial ultrasound and transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA). The performance of a single Xpert MTB/RIF assay alongside standard investigations, cytology, and microscopy/culture was evaluated against culture-confirmed TB. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Microbiologically confirmed TB mediastinal lymphadenopathy was diagnosed in a total of 88 patients from both cohorts. Three culture-negative cases with associated caseating granulomatous inflammation on TBNA were given a probable diagnosis. A single Xpert MTB/RIF assay demonstrated overall sensitivity for culture-positive TB of 72.6% (62.3-81.0%). Xpert specificity from cohort 1 was 96.3% (89.1-99.1%). The positive predictive value was 88.9% (69.7-97.1%), negative predictive value was 86.5% (76.9-92.1%), and odds ratio was 51.3 (24.0-98.0) for correctly identifying culture-positive disease. Xpert captured all microscopy-positive cases (14 of 14) and the majority of microscopy-negative cases (48 of 71, 67.6%). Among the cases that were culture positive by TBNA, Xpert identified two-thirds of the multiple drug-resistant TB cases, leading to immediate regimen change up to 5 weeks ahead of positive cultures. The use of Xpert combined with cytology increased th
Thillai M, Pollock K, Pareek M, et al., 2014, Interferon-gamma release assays for tuberculosis: current and future applications, EXPERT REVIEW OF RESPIRATORY MEDICINE, Vol: 8, Pages: 67-78, ISSN: 1747-6348
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- Citations: 29
Zhang L, Zhang Y, Shi X, et al., 2014, Utility of T-Cell Interferon-γ Release Assays for Diagnosing Tuberculous Serositis: A Prospective Study in Beijing, China, PLOS ONE, Vol: 9, ISSN: 1932-6203
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- Citations: 16
Beverley PCL, Sridhar S, Lalvani A, et al., 2014, Harnessing local and systemic immunity for vaccines against tuberculosis, MUCOSAL IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 7, Pages: 20-26, ISSN: 1933-0219
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- Citations: 59
Thillai M, Eberhardt C, Timms J, et al., 2014, Quantitative Proteomics Identifies A Decreased Expression Of Proteins Involved With Immune Cell Receptor Signaling And Cytotoxicity In Sarcoidosis, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 189, ISSN: 1073-449X
Anwar MS, Kow K, Grass L, et al., 2014, Utility Of Interferon-γ Release Assays In Combination With Tuberculin Skin Tests In Active Tb, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE, Vol: 189, ISSN: 1073-449X
Karnani N, Sridhar S, Connell D, et al., 2013, RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (MTB) INFECTION AND PROGRESSION TO ACTIVE TB DISEASE IN CHILD CONTACTS, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A33-A33, ISSN: 0040-6376
Jackson C, Southern J, Whitworth HS, et al., 2013, DIABETES AND LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION: NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY WITHIN THE PREDICT COHORT, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A31-A32, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 4
Lalvani A, Sridhar S, von Reyn CF, 2013, Tuberculosis vaccines: time to reset the paradigm?, THORAX, Vol: 68, Pages: 1092-1094, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 19
Sridhar S, Begom S, Bermingham A, et al., 2013, Incidence of Influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 Infection, United Kingdom, 2009-2011, EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 19, Pages: 1866-1869, ISSN: 1080-6040
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- Citations: 6
Singanayagam A, Manalan K, Sridhar S, et al., 2013, Evaluation of screening methods for identification of patients with chronic rheumatological disease requiring tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis prior to commencement of TNF-α antagonist therapy, THORAX, Vol: 68, Pages: 955-961, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 24
Sridhar S, Begom S, Bermingham A, et al., 2013, Cellular immune correlates of protection against symptomatic pandemic influenza, Nature Medicine, Vol: n/a, ISSN: 1078-8956
Pollock KM, Whitworth HS, Montamat-Sicotte DJ, et al., 2013, T-Cell immunophenotyping distinguishes active from latent tuberculosis, Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol: 208, Pages: 952-968, ISSN: 0022-1899
Background. Changes in the phenotype and function of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis)-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets in response to stage of infection may allow discrimination between active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection.Methods. A prospective comparison of M. tuberculosis-specific cellular immunity in subjects with active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection, with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. Polychromatic flow cytometry was used to measure CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subset phenotype and secretion of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 2 (IL-2), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).Results. Frequencies of CD4+ and CD8+ cells secreting IFN-γ-only, TNF-α-only and dual IFN-γ/TNF-α were greater in active tuberculosis vs latent tuberculosis infection. All M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ subsets, with the exception of IL-2-only cells, switched from central to effector memory phenotype in active tuberculosis vs latent tuberculosis infection, accompanied by a reduction in IL-7 receptor α (CD127) expression. The frequency of PPD-specific CD4+ TNF-α-only-secreting T cells with an effector phenotype accurately distinguished active tuberculosis from latent tuberculosis infection with an area under the curve of 0.99, substantially more discriminatory than measurement of function alone.Conclusions. Combined measurement of T-cell phenotype and function defines a highly discriminatory biomarker of tuberculosis disease activity. Unlocking the diagnostic and monitoring potential of this combined approach now requires validation in large-scale prospective studies.
Zhang L, Zhang Y, Deng G, et al., 2013, A prospective longitudinal study evaluating a T-cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in healthcare workers in a general hospital in Beijing, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 42, ISSN: 0903-1936
Zhang L, Zhang Y, Shi X, et al., 2013, Utility of a T-cell interferon-γ release assay for the diagnosis of tuberculous serositis: A prospective study in Beijing, China, EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL, Vol: 42, ISSN: 0903-1936
Van Kerkhove MD, Hirve S, Koukounari A, et al., 2013, Estimating age-specific cumulative incidence for the 2009 influenza pandemic: a meta-analysis of A(H1N1)pdm09 serological studies from 19 countries, Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Vol: 7, Pages: 872-886, ISSN: 1750-2640
BACKGROUND: The global impact of the 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic (H1N1pdm) is not well understood. OBJECTIVES: We estimate overall and age-specific prevalence of cross-reactive antibodies to H1N1pdm virus and rates of H1N1pdm infection during the first year of the pandemic using data from published and unpublished H1N1pdm seroepidemiological studies. METHODS: Primary aggregate H1N1pdm serologic data from each study were stratified in standardized age groups and evaluated based on when sera were collected in relation to national or subnational peak H1N1pdm activity. Seropositivity was assessed using well-described and standardized hemagglutination inhibition (HI titers >/=32 or >/=40) and microneutralization (MN >/= 40) laboratory assays. The prevalence of cross-reactive antibodies to the H1N1pdm virus was estimated for studies using sera collected prior to the start of the pandemic (between 2004 and April 2009); H1N1pdm cumulative incidence was estimated for studies in which collected both pre- and post-pandemic sera; and H1N1pdm seropositivity was calculated from studies with post-pandemic sera only (collected between December 2009-June 2010). RESULTS: Data from 27 published/unpublished studies from 19 countries/administrative regions - Australia, Canada, China, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong SAR, India, Iran, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Reunion Island, Singapore, United Kingdom, United States, and Vietnam - were eligible for inclusion. The overall age-standardized pre-pandemic prevalence of cross-reactive antibodies was 5% (95%CI 3-7%) and varied significantly by age with the highest rates among persons >/=65 years old (14% 95%CI 8-24%). Overall age-standardized H1N1pdm cumulative incidence was 24% (95%CI 20-27%) and varied significantly by age with the highest in children 5-19 (47% 95%CI 39-55%) and 0-4 years old (36% 95%CI 30-43%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results offer unique insight into the global impact of the H1N1 pandemic a
Baussano I, Mercadante S, Pareek M, et al., 2013, High Rates of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> among Socially Marginalized Immigrants in Low-Incidence Area, 1991-2010, Italy, EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES, Vol: 19, Pages: 1437-1445, ISSN: 1080-6040
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- Citations: 19
Hingley-Wilson SM, Casey R, Connell D, et al., 2013, Undetected Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Amplified by First-line Therapy in Mixed Infection., Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol: 19, Pages: 1138-1141
Hingley-Wilson SM, Casey R, Connell D, et al., 2013, Undetected Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Amplified by First-line Therapy in Mixed Infection, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol: 19, Pages: 1138-1141, ISSN: 1080-6040
Zhang L-F, Liu X-Q, Zhang Y, et al., 2013, A prospective longitudinal study evaluating a T-cell-based assay for latent tuberculosis infection in health-care workers in a general hospital in Beijing, CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL, Vol: 126, Pages: 2039-2044, ISSN: 0366-6999
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- Citations: 12
Whitworth HS, Aranday-Cortes E, Lalvani A, 2013, Biomarkers of tuberculosis: a research roadmap, BIOMARKERS IN MEDICINE, Vol: 7, Pages: 349-362, ISSN: 1752-0363
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- Citations: 15
Whitworth HS, Scott M, Connell DW, et al., 2013, IGRAs - The gateway to T cell based TB diagnosis., Methods, Vol: 61, Pages: 52-62
Development of Interferon-Gamma Release Assays (IGRAs) and implementation of their use in clinical practice almost 10years ago has revolutionised diagnosis of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection (LTBI). The commercially available IGRAs, TSPOT.TB (Oxford Immunotech, Oxford, UK) and QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube (Cellestis, Victoria, Australia), allow detection of TB infection with greater specificity and sensitivity than the tuberculin skin test (TST) and are now recommended for diagnosis of LTBI. The TSPOT.TB assay is a simplified enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISpot) that enumerates TB-specific T lymphocytes (T cells) secreting interferon-gamma (IFNγ). In comparison, the QuantiFERON Gold In-Tube assay constitutes an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantify IFNγ released into blood plasma after incubation of whole blood with TB antigens. Release of IFNγ, as a result of antigen stimulation of TB-specific T cells within blood, is indicative of TB infection. Although IGRAs have significant advantages over the TST in diagnosis of latent TB, they have significant limitations. Discovery of new antigens and advances in methodology for measuring cellular immunity have recently paved the way for novel tests that overcome these limitations. By establishing for the first time technological platforms for T cell based diagnosis in diagnostic service laboratories, IGRAs provide a bridgehead to clinical application of T cell based diagnosis in routine practice.
Abubakar I, Stagg HR, Whitworth H, et al., 2013, How should I interpret an interferon gamma release assay result for tuberculosis infection?, THORAX, Vol: 68, Pages: 298-301, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 26
Lalvani A, Connell DW, 2013, Tuberculosis immunodiagnosis: delving below the surface, THORAX, Vol: 68, Pages: 204-206, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 4
Pareek M, Bond M, Shorey J, et al., 2013, Community-based evaluation of immigrant tuberculosis screening using interferon γ release assays and tuberculin skin testing: observational study and economic analysis, THORAX, Vol: 68, Pages: 230-239, ISSN: 0040-6376
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- Citations: 58
Jain SK, Ordonez A, Kinikar A, et al., 2013, Pediatric Tuberculosis in Young Children in India: A Prospective Study, BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, Vol: 2013, ISSN: 2314-6133
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- Citations: 39
Connell DW, Reuschl A-K, Wenden C, et al., 2012, MOLECULAR IMMUNODIAGNOSIS OF TB INFECTION: A PILOT STUDY, Winter Meeting of the British-Thoracic-Society 2012, Publisher: BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, Pages: A5-A5, ISSN: 0040-6376
Manalan K, Singanayagam A, Molyneaux PL, et al., 2012, Use of the tuberculin skin test and Tspotfor screening prior to TNF antagonisttherapy identifi es additional patientseligible for chemoprophylaxis comparedto use of risk assessment strategies alone, Winter Meeting of the British Thoracic Society
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Sridhar S, Begom S, Bermingham A, et al., 2012, Predominance of heterosubtypic IFN-?-only-secreting effector memory T cells in pandemic H1N1 naive adults, EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Vol: 42, Pages: 2913-2924, ISSN: 0014-2980
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- Citations: 28
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