Imperial College London
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Dr Anthony Laverty

Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health

Senior Lecturer
 
 
 
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Contact

 

+44 (0)20 7594 5312a.laverty Website

 
 
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Location

 

322Reynolds BuildingCharing Cross Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Pitcairn:2021:10.1017/S204579602100055X,
author = {Pitcairn, C and Laverty, A and Chan, J and Oyebode, O and Mrejen, M and Pescarini, J and Machado, DB and Hone, T},
doi = {10.1017/S204579602100055X},
journal = {Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences},
title = {Inequalities in the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Brazilian slum populations: a cross-sectional analysis},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S204579602100055X},
volume = {30},
year = {2021}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Aims:The mental health of slum residents is under-researched globally, and depression is a significant source of worldwide morbidity. Brazil's large slum-dwelling population is often considered part of a general urban-poor demographic. This study aims to identify the prevalence and distribution of depression in Brazil and compare mental health inequalities between slum and non-slum populations.Methods:Data were obtained from Brazil's 2019 National Health Survey. Slum residence was defined based on the UN-Habitat definition for slums and estimated from survey responses. Doctor-diagnosed depression, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)-screened depression and presence of undiagnosed depression (PHQ-9-screened depression in the absence of a doctor's diagnosis) were analysed as primary outcomes, alongside depressive symptom severity as a secondary outcome. Prevalence estimates for all outcomes were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association of socioeconomic characteristics, including slum residence, with primary outcomes. Depressive symptom severity was analysed using generalised ordinal logistic regression.Results:Nationally, the prevalence of doctor diagnosed, PHQ-9 screened and undiagnosed depression were 9.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 9.5–10.3), 10.8% (95% CI: 10.4–11.2) and 6.9% (95% CI: 6.6–7.2), respectively. Slum residents exhibited lower levels of doctor-diagnosed depression than non-slum urban residents (8.6%; 95% CI: 7.9–9.3 v. 10.7%; 95% CI: 10.2–11.2), while reporting similar levels of PHQ-9-screened depression (11.3%; 95% CI: 10.4–12.1 v. 11.3%; 95% CI: 10.8–11.8). In adjusted regression models, slum residence was associated with a lower likelihood of doctor diagnosed (adjusted odds ratio (adjusted OR): 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77–0.97) and PHQ-9-screened depression (adjusted OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78–0.97). Slum residents showed a greater likelihood of report
AU  - Pitcairn,C
AU  - Laverty,A
AU  - Chan,J
AU  - Oyebode,O
AU  - Mrejen,M
AU  - Pescarini,J
AU  - Machado,DB
AU  - Hone,T
DO  - 10.1017/S204579602100055X
PY  - 2021///
SN  - 2045-7979
TI  - Inequalities in the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Brazilian slum populations: a cross-sectional analysis
T2  - Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S204579602100055X
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/92506
VL  - 30
ER  -
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