Publications
379 results found
Hunt M, McNiff M, Canagarajah A, et al., 2020, Cellular and molecular assessment of muscle function as a predictor of ageing phenotype in older PLWH, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 52-53, ISSN: 1464-2662
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- Citations: 1
Sabin C, Harding R, Doyle N, et al., 2020, Associations between widespread pain and sleep quality in people with HIV, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 42-42, ISSN: 1464-2662
Alagaratnam J, DeFrancesco D, Zetterberg H, et al., 2020, Correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma concentrations of neurofilament light protein (NFL) in treated HIV infection in the COmorBidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) study, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 49-49, ISSN: 1464-2662
Toniolo S, Cercignani M, Mora-Peris B, et al., 2020, Changes in functional connectivity in people with HIV switching antiretroviral therapy, Journal of NeuroVirology, Vol: 26, Pages: 754-763, ISSN: 1355-0284
We assessed changes in functional connectivity by fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) and cognitive measures in otherwise neurologically asymptomatic people with HIV (PWH) switching combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). In a prospective study (baseline and follow-up after at least 4 months), virologically suppressed PWH switched non-nuclease reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI; tenofovir-DF/emtricitabine with efavirenz to rilpivirine) and integrase-strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTI; tenofovir-DF/emtricitabine with raltegravir to dolutegravir). PWH were assessed by resting-state fMRI and stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) task fMRI as well as with a cognitive battery (CogState™) at baseline and follow-up. Switching from efavirenz to rilpivirine (n = 10) was associated with increased functional connectivity in the dorsal attention network (DAN) and a reduction in SSRTs (p = 0.025) that positively correlated with the time previously on efavirenz (mean = 4.8 years, p = 0.02). Switching from raltegravir to dolutegravir (n = 12) was associated with increased connectivity in the left DAN and bilateral sensory-motor and associative visual networks. In the NNRTI study, significant improvements in the cognitive domains of executive function, working memory and speed of visual processing were observed, whereas no significant changes in cognitive function were observed in the INSTI study. Changes in fMRI are evident in PWH without perceived neuropsychiatric complaints switching cART. fMRI may be a useful tool in assisting to elucidate the underlying pathogenic mechanisms of cART-related neuropsychiatric effects.
Winston A, De Francesco D, Post F, et al., 2020, Comorbidity indices in people with HIV and considerations for coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes, AIDS, Vol: 34, Pages: 1795-1800, ISSN: 0269-9370
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- Citations: 7
El Bouzidi K, Jose S, Phillips AN, et al., 2020, First-line HIV treatment outcomes following the introduction of integrase inhibitors in UK guidelines, AIDS, Vol: 34, Pages: 1823-1831, ISSN: 0269-9370
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- Citations: 8
Sabin CA, Harding R, Doyle N, et al., 2020, Associations between widespread pain and sleep quality in people with HIV, JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, Vol: 85, Pages: 106-112, ISSN: 1525-4135
Background: We investigate the association of widespread pain with sleep quality among people with HIV and HIV-negative controls.Setting: UK-based cohort.Methods: Pain information was collected through a pain mannikin identifying affected body sites; pain was classified as widespread if pain was reported in ≥4 of 5 body regions and in ≥7 of 15 body sites, and as regional otherwise. Sleep was assessed a median of 3.2 years later through 7-night actigraphy and through self-reported assessments of sleep quality. Chi-squared tests, Kruskal–Wallis tests, and linear/logistic regression considered associations between pain extent and sleep quality.Results: Of the 414 participants, 74 (17.9%) reported widespread and 189 (45.7%) regional pain. Although there were few clear associations between actigraphy outcomes and pain extent, those with widespread and regional pain consistently reported poorer sleep quality on all self-reported measures than those with no pain. Median (interquartile range) insomnia severity index and Patient-reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) for sleep disturbance and sleep-related impairment scores were 12 (7–16), 55.3 (48.0–58.9), and 57.2 (48.9–61.3), respectively, for those with widespread pain, 8 (4–13), 51.2 (45.5–58.3), and 50.3 (43.6–56.1) for those with regional pain, and 5 (2–9), 47.9 (42.9–54.3), and 45.5 (41.4–50.3) for those with no pain (all P values 0.0001). Associations remained strong after adjustment for HIV status and other confounders, and were reduced but remained significant, after adjustment for depressive symptoms.Conclusions: Widespread pain was not associated with objective measures of sleep but was strongly associated with self-reported assessments of sleep quality in people with HIV.
Savinelli S, De Francesco D, Feeney ER, et al., 2020, Factors associated with obesity in the Pharmacokinetic and Clinical Observations in People over Fifty (POPPY) cohort: an observational cross-sectional analysis, HIV MEDICINE, Vol: 21, Pages: 441-452, ISSN: 1464-2662
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- Citations: 8
Shiva F, Goldmeier D, Lane P, et al., 2020, Cerebrospinal fluid TPPA titres in the diagnosis of neurosyphilis, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS, Vol: 96, Pages: 389-390, ISSN: 1368-4973
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- Citations: 7
Winston A, Cotter A, Gisslen M, et al., 2020, Response to: 'How helpful are the European AIDS Clinical Society cognitive screening questions in predicting cognitive impairment in an aging, well-treated HIV-positive population?', HIV MEDICINE, Vol: 21, Pages: E17-E18, ISSN: 1464-2662
Winston A, Spudich S, 2020, Cognitive disorders in people living with HIV, LANCET HIV, Vol: 7, Pages: E504-E513, ISSN: 2352-3018
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- Citations: 53
Raffi F, Gaultier A, Pozniak A, et al., 2020, Five-year follow-up of patients enrolled in the NEAT 001/ANRS 143 randomized clinical trial: NEAT 001/ANRS 143 LONG TERM study., J Antimicrob Chemother, Vol: 75, Pages: 1618-1622
BACKGROUND: Few long-term data are available in subjects having initiated ART with an NRTI-sparing regimen. OBJECTIVES: Outcomes of subjects enrolled in the NEAT 001/ANRS 143 randomized clinical trial (comparing ritonavir-boosted darunavir + raltegravir versus ritonavir-boosted darunavir + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine) were retrospectively collected, through anonymized electronic case report forms, up to 6 years post-enrolment. METHODS: The last NEAT 001 visit (Week 96) was conducted in 745/805 randomized subjects (363/401 ritonavir-boosted darunavir + raltegravir and 382/404 ritonavir-boosted darunavir + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine). Of these, 430 were enrolled in NEAT 001/ANRS 143 LONG TERM (NLT) study (201 raltegravir, 229 tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine), with a median follow-up of 44.4 months. RESULTS: During NLT follow-up, the proportion of AIDS, non-AIDS events, virological rebound and serious adverse events, discontinuation for virological failure and for adverse events did not differ between groups; discontinuations for virological failure since NEAT 001 inclusion were more frequent in subjects with baseline CD4 <200 cells/mm3 (11.9% versus 5.3%; P = 0.077). At last follow-up, a quarter of subjects (22.2% for ritonavir-boosted darunavir + raltegravir and 29.7% for ritonavir-boosted darunavir + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine) were still receiving their initial regimen. Integrase inhibitor exposure was not associated with weight gain (P = 0.48), while tenofovir disoproxil fumarate exposure was associated with a trend to higher creatinine increase (P = 0.067). CONCLUSIONS: After a median of 5.6 years, subjects initiating ritonavir-boosted darunavir + raltegravir or ritonavir-boosted darunavir + tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine experienced few serious clinical adverse events. Most discontinuations were for reasons unrelated
Judd A, Melvin D, Thompson LC, et al., 2020, Factors Associated With Nonadherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Young People Living With Perinatally Acquired HIV in England, JANAC-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF NURSES IN AIDS CARE, Vol: 31, Pages: 574-586, ISSN: 1055-3290
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- Citations: 2
Stirrup OT, Asboe D, Pozniak A, et al., 2020, Continuation of emtricitabine/lamivudine within combination antiretroviral therapy following detection of the M184V/I HIV-1 resistance mutation, HIV Medicine, Vol: 21, Pages: 309-321, ISSN: 1464-2662
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate whether lamivudine (3TC) or emtricitabine (FTC) use following detection of M184V/I is associated with better virological outcomes. METHODS: We identified people with viruses harbouring the M184V/I mutation in UK multicentre data sets who had treatment change/initiation within 1 year. We analysed outcomes of viral suppression (< 200 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL) and appearance of new major drug resistance mutations (DRMs) using Cox and Poisson models, with stratification by new drug regimen (excluding 3TC/FTC) and Bayesian implementation, and estimated the effect of 3TC/FTC adjusted for individual and viral characteristics. RESULTS: We included 2597 people with the M184V/I resistance mutation, of whom 665 (25.6%) were on 3TC and 458 (17.6%) on FTC. We found a negative adjusted association between 3TC/FTC use and viral suppression [hazard ratio (HR) 0.84; 95% credibility interval (CrI) 0.71-0.98]. On subgroup analysis of individual drugs, there was no evidence of an association with viral suppression for 3TC (n = 184; HR 0.94; 95% CrI 0.73-1.15) or FTC (n = 454; HR 0.99; 95% CrI 0.80-1.19) amongst those on tenofovir-containing regimens, but we estimated a reduced rate of viral suppression for people on 3TC amongst those without tenofovir use (n = 481; HR 0.71; 95% CrI 0.54-0.90). We found no association between 3TC/FTC and detection of any new DRM (overall HR 0.92; 95% CrI 0.64-1.18), but found inconclusive evidence of a lower incidence rate of new DRMs (overall incidence rate ratio 0.69; 95% CrI 0.34-1.11). CONCLUSIONS: We did not find evidence that 3TC or FTC use is associated with an increase in viral suppression, but it may reduce the appearance of additional DRMs in people with M184V/I. 3TC was associated with reduced viral suppression amongst people on regimens without tenofovir.
Wang X, Boffito M, Dickinson L, et al., 2020, Plasma nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor concentration and their associations with liver and renal parameters in people living with HIV, AIDS, Vol: 34, Pages: 790-793, ISSN: 0269-9370
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- Citations: 1
De Francesco D, Choi J-P, Choi JY, et al., 2020, Cognitive function and drivers of cognitive impairment in a European and a Korean cohort of people living with HIV, INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS, Vol: 31, Pages: 30-37, ISSN: 0956-4624
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- Citations: 1
Dilly Penchala S, Alagaratnam J, Challenger E, et al., 2020, The development and validation of a novel LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of Cenicriviroc in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid, Biomedical Chromatography, Vol: 34, ISSN: 0269-3879
A high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric method was developed and validated cenicriviroc quantification in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The method involved precipitation with acetonitrile and injecting supernatants onto the column. Separation was achieved on an XBridge C18 column with a gradient elution of 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile. Analyte detection was conducted in positive ion mode using SRM. The m/z transitions were: CVC (697.3→574.3) and CVC-d7 (704.4→574.3). Calibration curve ranged from 5-1000 ng/ml for plasma and 0.241-15.0 ng/ml for CSF. The intra and inter day precision and accuracy were <15% for both plasma and CSF across four different concentrations. Cenicriviroc recovery from plasma and artificial CSF was >90%. The method was utilised for the measurement of patients' plasma and CSF samples taking a dose of 50, 150 and 300mg qd.
Winston A, Antinori A, Cinque P, et al., 2019, Defining cerebrospinal fluid HIV RNA escape: editorial review AIDS, AIDS, Vol: 33, Pages: S107-S111, ISSN: 0269-9370
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- Citations: 34
Underwood J, De Francesco D, Koostra N, et al., 2019, Higher anti-CMV IgG concentrations are not associated with longitudinal brain injury in virally suppressed people with HIV, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 139-140, ISSN: 1464-2662
De Francesco D, Verboeket SO, Verheij E, et al., 2019, Development and validation of a comorbidity index for people living with HIV and its ability to predict frailty and mortality, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 13-14, ISSN: 1464-2662
Alagaratnam J, De Francesco D, Zetterberg H, et al., 2019, Correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma concentrations of neurofilament light protein (NFL) in treated HIV infection in the COmorBidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) study, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 15-15, ISSN: 1464-2662
De Francesco D, Underwood J, Anderson J, et al., 2019, Correlations between computerised and standard cognitive testing in persons with HIV and controls, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 126-126, ISSN: 1464-2662
Kunisaki K, DeFrancesco D, Sabin C, et al., 2019, Restless legs syndrome and health-related quality of life in HIV: results from the POPPY sleep substudy, Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 47-47, ISSN: 1464-2662
Cole M, Saeed Z, Shaw A, et al., 2019, Responses to quadrivalent influenza vaccine reveal distinct circulating CD4+CXCR5+ T cell subsets in men living with HIV, Scientific Reports, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2045-2322
T cell help for B cells may be perturbed in people living with HIV (PLWH), even when HIV is suppressed, as evidenced by reports of suboptimal responses to influenza vaccination. We investigated cTFH responses to the 2017–18 inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV) in men living with antiretroviral therapy (ART)-suppressed HIV infection who were treated in the early or chronic phase of infection, and control subjects. Here we show that seroprotective antibody responses in serum and oral fluid correlated with cTFH activation and were equivalent in all three groups, irrespective of when ART was started. These responses were attenuated in those reporting immunisation with influenza vaccine in the preceding three years, independent of HIV infection. Measurement of influenza-specific IgG in oral fluid was closely correlated with haemagglutination inhibition titre. T-SNE and two-dimensional analysis revealed a subset of CD4+CXCR3+CXCR5+ cTFH activated at one week after vaccination. This was distinguishable from cTFH not activated by vaccination, and a rare, effector memory CD4+CXCR5hiCD32hi T cell subset. The data support the use of QIV for immunisation of PLWH, reveal distinct circulating CD4+CXCR5+ T cell subsets and demonstrate oral fluid sampling for influenza-specific IgG is an alternative to phlebotomy.
De Francesco D, Underwood J, Bagkeris E, et al., 2019, Risk factors and impact of patterns of co-occurring comorbidities in people living with HIV, AIDS, Vol: 33, Pages: 1871-1880, ISSN: 0269-9370
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- Citations: 15
Vera JH, Bracchi M, Alagaratnam J, et al., 2019, Improved central nervous system symptoms in people with HIV without objective neuropsychiatric complaints switching from efavirenz to rilpivirine containing cART, Brain Sciences, Vol: 9, ISSN: 2076-3425
Objective: Occult central nervous system (CNS) symptoms not recognized by people living with HIV (PLWH) receiving efavirenz or their clinicians could occur and impact people's quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine whether CNS parameters improve in PLWH when switching from efavirenz to rilpivirine. Methods: PLWH receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, efavirenz (Atripla™) with undetectable HIV RNA, and no CNS symptoms were switched cART to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, rilpivirine (Eviplera™). CNS parameters including sleep, anxiety, and depressive symptoms were evaluated using patient-reported outcome measures at baseline, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after switching therapy. A median CNS score was derived from the sum of CNS toxicities of all the grades collected in the study questionnaires. Cognitive function was assessed using a computerized test battery. Results: Of 41 participants, median age was 47 years, Interquartile range (IQR) 31, 92% were male and 80% were of white ethnicity. A significant reduction in total CNS score (10 to 7) was observed at 4 weeks (p = 0.028), but not thereafter. Significant improvements in sleep and anxiety were observed 4, 12 and 24 weeks after switching therapy (p < 0.05). No significant change in global cognitive scores was observed. Conclusions: Switching from efavirenz to rilpivirine based regimens in virologically suppressed PLWH without perceived CNS symptoms was well tolerated and slightly improved overall CNS symptoms.
Lovell AO, Taylor KA, Winston A, et al., 2019, Investigation of the impact of antiretroviral therapy upon platelet activation to determine HIV-associated cardiovascular risk, British-Pharmacology-Society Meeting (Pharmacology), Publisher: WILEY, Pages: 3047-3047, ISSN: 0007-1188
Underwood J, de francesco D, Cole JH, et al., 2019, Validation of a novel multivariate method of defining HIV-associated cognitive impairment, Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Vol: 6, ISSN: 2328-8957
BackgroundThe optimum method of defining cognitive impairment in virally suppressed people-living-with-HIV is unknown. We evaluated the relationships between cognitive impairment, including using a novel multivariate method (NMM), patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and neuroimaging markers of brain structure across three cohorts.MethodsDifferences in the prevalence of cognitive impairment, PROMs and neuroimaging data from the COBRA, CHARTER and POPPY cohorts (total n=908) were determined between HIV-positive participants with and without cognitive impairment defined using the HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), global deficit score (GDS) and NMM criteria.ResultsThe prevalence of cognitive impairment varied by up to 27% between methods used to define impairment (e.g. 48% for HAND vs. 21% for NMM in the CHARTER study). Associations between objective cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive complaints were generally weak. Physical and mental health summary scores (SF-36) were lowest for NMM-defined impairment (p’s<0.05).There were no differences in brain volumes or cortical thickness between participants with and without cognitive impairment defined using the HAND and GDS measures. In contrast, those identified with cognitive impairment by the NMM had reduced mean cortical thickness in both hemispheres (p’s<0.05), as well as smaller brain volumes (p<0.01). The associations with measures of white matter microstructure and brain-predicted age were generally weaker.ConclusionDifferent methods of defining cognitive impairment identify different people with varying symptomatology and measures of brain injury. Overall, NMM-defined impairment was associated with most neuroimaging abnormalities and poorer self-reported health status. This may be due to the statistical advantage of using a multivariate approach.
Haddow LJ, Sudre CH, Sokolska M, et al., 2019, Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Men Living with HIV and HIV-Negative Men Aged 50 and Above, AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES, Vol: 35, Pages: 453-460, ISSN: 0889-2229
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- Citations: 10
Alagaratnam J, Dilly-Penchala S, Challenger E, et al., 2019, Cerebrospinal fluid exposure of cenicriviroc in HIV-positive individuals with cognitive impairment, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Vol: 85, Pages: 1039-1040, ISSN: 0306-5251
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