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@article{Guxens:2016:10.1289/ehp.1408483,
author = {Guxens, M and Ghassabian, A and Gong, T and Garcia-Esteban, R and Porta, D and Giorgis-Allemand, L and Almqvist, C and Aranbarri, A and Beelen, R and Badaloni, C and Cesaroni, G and de, Nazelle A and Estarlich, M and Forastiere, F and Forns, J and Gehring, U and Ibarluzea, J and Jaddoe, VW and Korek, M and Lichtenstein, P and Nieuwenhuijsen, MJ and Rebagliato, M and Slama, R and Tiemeier, H and Verhulst, FC and Volk, HE and Pershagen, G and Brunekreef, B and Sunyer, J},
doi = {10.1289/ehp.1408483},
journal = {Environmental Health Perspectives},
pages = {133--140},
title = {Air Pollution Exposure during Pregnancy and Childhood Autistic Traits in Four European Population-Based Cohort Studies: The ESCAPE Project.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408483},
volume = {124},
year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - BACKGROUND: Prenatal exposure to air pollutants has been suggested as a possible etiologic factor for the occurrence of autism spectrum disorder. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess whether prenatal air pollution exposure is associated with childhood autistic traits in the general population. METHODS: Ours was a collaborative study of four European population-based birth/child cohorts-CATSS (Sweden), Generation R (the Netherlands), GASPII (Italy), and INMA (Spain). Nitrogen oxides (NO2, NOx) and particulate matter (PM) with diameters of ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), ≤ 10 μm (PM10), and between 2.5 and 10 μm (PMcoarse), and PM2.5 absorbance were estimated for birth addresses by land-use regression models based on monitoring campaigns performed between 2008 and 2011. Levels were extrapolated back in time to exact pregnancy periods. We quantitatively assessed autistic traits when the child was between 4 and 10 years of age. Children were classified with autistic traits within the borderline/clinical range and within the clinical range using validated cut-offs. Adjusted cohort-specific effect estimates were combined using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 8,079 children were included. Prenatal air pollution exposure was not associated with autistic traits within the borderline/clinical range (odds ratio = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.81, 1.10 per each 10-μg/m3 increase in NO2 pregnancy levels). Similar results were observed in the different cohorts, for the other pollutants, and in assessments of children with autistic traits within the clinical range or children with autistic traits as a quantitative score. CONCLUSIONS: Prenatal exposure to NO2 and PM was not associated with autistic traits in children from 4 to 10 years of age in four European population-based birth/child cohort studies. CITATION: Guxens M, Ghassabian A, Gong T, Garcia-Esteban R, Porta D, Giorgis-Allemand L, Almqvist C, Aranbarri A, Beelen R, Badaloni C, Cesaroni G, de Nazelle A, Estarlich M, Fora
AU  - Guxens,M
AU  - Ghassabian,A
AU  - Gong,T
AU  - Garcia-Esteban,R
AU  - Porta,D
AU  - Giorgis-Allemand,L
AU  - Almqvist,C
AU  - Aranbarri,A
AU  - Beelen,R
AU  - Badaloni,C
AU  - Cesaroni,G
AU  - de,Nazelle A
AU  - Estarlich,M
AU  - Forastiere,F
AU  - Forns,J
AU  - Gehring,U
AU  - Ibarluzea,J
AU  - Jaddoe,VW
AU  - Korek,M
AU  - Lichtenstein,P
AU  - Nieuwenhuijsen,MJ
AU  - Rebagliato,M
AU  - Slama,R
AU  - Tiemeier,H
AU  - Verhulst,FC
AU  - Volk,HE
AU  - Pershagen,G
AU  - Brunekreef,B
AU  - Sunyer,J
DO  - 10.1289/ehp.1408483
EP  - 140
PY  - 2016///
SN  - 1552-9924
SP  - 133
TI  - Air Pollution Exposure during Pregnancy and Childhood Autistic Traits in Four European Population-Based Cohort Studies: The ESCAPE Project.
T2  - Environmental Health Perspectives
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408483
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/28785
VL  - 124
ER  -

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