Imperial College London
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ProfessorChristopherChiu

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Disease

Professor of Infectious Diseases
 
 
 
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Contact

 

+44 (0)20 3313 2301c.chiu Website

 
 
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Location

 

8N.15Commonwealth BuildingHammersmith Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{McKendry:2022:10.1007/82_2021_247,
author = {McKendry, R and Lemm, N-M and Papargyris, L and Chiu, C},
doi = {10.1007/82_2021_247},
journal = {Curr Top Microbiol Immunol},
title = {Human Challenge Studies with Coronaviruses Old and New.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2021_247},
year = {2022}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Coronavirus infections have been known to cause disease in animals since as early as the 1920s. However, only seven coronaviruses capable of causing human disease have been identified thus far. These Human Coronaviruses (HCoVs) include the causes of the common cold, but more recent coronaviruses that have emerged (i.e. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2) are associated with much greater morbidity and mortality. HCoVs have been relatively under-studied compared to other common respiratory infections, as historically they have presented with mild symptoms. This has led to a relatively limited understanding of their animal reservoirs, transmission and determinants of immune protection. To address this, human infection challenge studies with HCoVs have been performed that enable a detailed clinical and immunological analysis of the host response at specific time points under controlled conditions with standardised viral inocula. Until recently, all such human challenge studies were conducted with common cold HCoVs, with the study of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV unacceptable due to their greater pathogenicity. However, with the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic during which severe outcomes in young healthy adults have been rare, human challenge studies with SARS-CoV-2 are now being developed. Two SARS-CoV-2 human challenge studies in the UK studying individuals with and without pre-existing immunity are underway. As well as providing a platform for testing of antivirals and vaccines, such studies will be critical for understanding the factors associated with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and thus developing improved strategies to tackle the current as well as future HCoV pandemics. Here, we summarise the major questions about protection and pathogenesis in HCoV infection that human infection challenge studies have attempted to answer historically, as well as the knowledge gaps that aim to be addressed with contemporary models.
AU  - McKendry,R
AU  - Lemm,N-M
AU  - Papargyris,L
AU  - Chiu,C
DO  - 10.1007/82_2021_247
PY  - 2022///
SN  - 0070-217X
TI  - Human Challenge Studies with Coronaviruses Old and New.
T2  - Curr Top Microbiol Immunol
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2021_247
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35181805
ER  -
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