Imperial College London
Portrait Picture

Professor Christopher Jackson

Faculty of Engineering, Department of Earth Science & Engineering

Visiting Professor
 
 
 
//

Contact

 

c.jackson Website

 
 
//

Location

 

1.46ARoyal School of MinesSouth Kensington Campus

//

Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Pan:2022:10.1029/2021GC010316,
author = {Pan, S and Naliboff, J and Bell, R and Jackson, C},
doi = {10.1029/2021GC010316},
journal = {G3: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems: an electronic journal of the earth sciences},
pages = {1--16},
title = {Bridging spatiotemporal scales of normal fault growth during continental extension using high-resolution 3D numerical models},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2021GC010316},
volume = {23},
year = {2022}
}
Download

RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Continental extension is accommodated by the development of kilometer-scale normal faults, which grow during meter-scale slip events that occur over millions of years. However, reconstructing the entire lifespan of a fault remains challenging due to a lack of observational data with spatiotemporal scales that span the early stage (<106 yrs) of fault growth. Using three-dimensional numerical simulations of continental extension and novel methods for extracting the locations of faults, we quantitatively examine the key factors controlling the growth of rift-scale fault networks over 104–106 yrs. Early formed faults (<100 kyrs from initiation) exhibit scaling ratios consistent with those characterizing individual earthquake ruptures, before evolving to be geometrically and kinematically similar to more mature structures developed in natural fault networks. Whereas finite fault lengths are rapidly established (<100 kyrs), active deformation is transient, migrating both along- and across-strike. Competing stress interactions determine the distribution of active strain, which oscillates between being distributed and localized. Higher rates of extension (10 mm yr−1) lead to more prominent stress redistributions through time, promoting episodic localized slip events. Our findings demonstrate that normal fault growth and the related occurrence of cumulative slip is more complex than that currently inferred from displacement patterns on now-inactive structures, which only provide a space- and time-averaged picture of fault kinematics and related seismic hazard.
AU  - Pan,S
AU  - Naliboff,J
AU  - Bell,R
AU  - Jackson,C
DO  - 10.1029/2021GC010316
EP  - 16
PY  - 2022///
SN  - 1525-2027
SP  - 1
TI  - Bridging spatiotemporal scales of normal fault growth during continental extension using high-resolution 3D numerical models
T2  - G3: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems: an electronic journal of the earth sciences
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2021GC010316
UR  - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000823159100001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=1ba7043ffcc86c417c072aa74d649202
UR  - https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2021GC010316
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/98473
VL  - 23
ER  -
Download