Imperial College London
Alternate

ProfessorChristosMarkides

Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering

Professor of Clean Energy Technologies
 
 
 
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Contact

 

+44 (0)20 7594 1601c.markides Website

 
 
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Location

 

404ACE ExtensionSouth Kensington Campus

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Summary

 

Publications

Citation

BibTex format

@article{Chatzopoulou:2019:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.086,
author = {Chatzopoulou, MA and Simpson, M and Sapin, P and Markides, CN},
doi = {10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.086},
journal = {Applied Energy},
pages = {1211--1236},
title = {Off-design optimisation of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engines with pistonexpanders for medium-scale combined heat and power applications},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.086},
volume = {238},
year = {2019}
}
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RIS format (EndNote, RefMan)

TY  - JOUR
AB  - Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engines often operate under variable heat-source conditions, so maximising performance at both nominal and off-design operation is crucial for the wider adoption of this technology. In this work, an off-design optimisation tool is developed and used to predict the impact of varying heat-source conditions on ORC operation. Unlike previous efforts where the performance of ORC engine components is assumed fixed, here we consider explicitly the time-varying operational characteristics of these components. A bottoming ORC system is first optimised for maximum power output when recovering heat from the exhaust gases of an internal-combustion engine (ICE) running at full load. A double-pipe heat exchanger (HEX) model is used for sizing the ORC evaporator and condenser, and a piston-expander model for sizing the expander. The ICE is then run at part-load, thus varying the temperature and mass flow rate of the exhaust gases. The tool predicts the new off-design heat transfer coefficients in the heat exchangers, and the new optimum expander operating points. Results reveal that the ORC engine power output is underestimated by up to 17% when the off-design operational characteristics of these components are not considered. In particular, the piston-expander isentropic efficiency increases at off-design operation by 10–16%, due to the reduced pressure ratio and flow rate in the system, while the evaporator effectiveness improves by up to 15%, due to the higher temperature difference across the HEX and a higher proportion of heat transfer taking place in the two-phase evaporating zone. As the ICE operates further away from its nominal point, the off-design ORC engine power output reduces by a lesser extent than that of the ICE. At an ICE part-load operation of 60% (by electrical power), the optimised ORC engine with fluids such as R1233zd operates at 77% of its nominal capacity. ORC off-design performance maps are generated, for characterising a
AU  - Chatzopoulou,MA
AU  - Simpson,M
AU  - Sapin,P
AU  - Markides,CN
DO  - 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.086
EP  - 1236
PY  - 2019///
SN  - 0306-2619
SP  - 1211
TI  - Off-design optimisation of organic Rankine cycle (ORC) engines with pistonexpanders for medium-scale combined heat and power applications
T2  - Applied Energy
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.12.086
UR  - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261918319068
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/66926
VL  - 238
ER  -
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