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@article{Amrania:2018:2057-1739/aaabc3,
author = {Amrania, H and Woodley-Barker, L and Goddard, K and Rosales, B and Shousha, S and Thomas, G and McFarlane, T and Sroya, M and Wilhelm-Benartzi, C and Phillips, CC},
doi = {2057-1739/aaabc3},
journal = {Convergent Science Physicsl Oncology},
title = {Mid-infrared imaging in breast cancer tissue: an objective measure of grading breast cancer biopsies},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2057-1739/aaabc3},
volume = {4},
year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - Introduction: -The  majority  of  cancers  are diagnosedusingexcised  biopsy  specimens. These   are   graded,   using   a   gold-standard histopathology protocol based onhaemotoxylin  and  eosin  (“H+E”)chemical staining. Howeverthe grading is done by eye and if the same biopsy is graded by differentpractitioners, they typically only agree ~70% of the time. The resultingovertreatment problem constitutes a massive unmet need worldwide.Objective:-Ournew ‘Digistain’technology, uses   mid-infrared   imaging   to   mapthe fractional concentration of nucleic acids, i.e. the   nuclear-to-cytoplasmic   chemical   ratio (NCR) across an unstained biopsy section. It allows a quantitative “Digistain index” (DI) score,   corresponding   to   the   NCR,   to   be reproducibly   extracted  from   an   objective physical   measurement   of   a   cancer.   Our objective here is to evaluate itspotential for aiding cancer diagnosis for the first time. We correlate the DI scores with H+E grades in a double-blind clinical pilot trial.Methods:-Two  adjacent  slices  were  taken from 75 breast cancer FFPE blocks; one was graded with the standard H+E protocol, and also used to define a “Region of Interest” (RoI). Digistain was then used to acquire a DI value  averaged  over  the  corresponding  RoI on the other (unstained) sliceand theresults werestatistically analysed.Results:-We  find  the  DI  score  correlates significantly (p=0.0007) with tumorgradein a  way  that  promises  to  significantly  reduce the  inherent  subjectivity  and  variability  in biopsy grading.Discussion: The NCR is elevated by increased mitotic  activity  because cells divide  when they  are  youngerand,  on  average,  becomesmaller asthe disease progresses. Also, extra DNA  and  RNA  is  generated  as  thenuclear transcription machinery   goes   awry   and nuclear  pleomorphism occurs.    Both  effects make the NCR a recognized biomarker for a wide range of tumors
AU  - Amrania,H
AU  - Woodley-Barker,L
AU  - Goddard,K
AU  - Rosales,B
AU  - Shousha,S
AU  - Thomas,G
AU  - McFarlane,T
AU  - Sroya,M
AU  - Wilhelm-Benartzi,C
AU  - Phillips,CC
DO  - 2057-1739/aaabc3
PY  - 2018///
SN  - 2057-1739
TI  - Mid-infrared imaging in breast cancer tissue: an objective measure of grading breast cancer biopsies
T2  - Convergent Science Physicsl Oncology
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2057-1739/aaabc3
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/57263
VL  - 4
ER  -

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