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@article{Dimber:2016:10.2967/jnumed.116.175083,
author = {Dimber, R and Guo, Q and Bishop, C and Adonis, A and Buckley, A and Kocsis, A and Owen, D and Kalk, N and Newbould, R and Gunn, R and Rabiner, E and Taylor, GP},
doi = {10.2967/jnumed.116.175083},
journal = {Journal of Nuclear Medicine},
pages = {1905--1912},
title = {Evidence of brain inflammation in patients with Human T Lymphotropic Virus type 1 associated myelopathy (HAM): A pilot, multi-modal imaging study using [11C] PBR28 PET, MR T1w and DWI},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.116.175083},
volume = {57},
year = {2016}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - HAM is a chronic debilitating neuroinflammatory disease with a predilection for the thoraciccord. Tissue damage is attributed to the cellular immune response to HTLV-1 infectedlymphocytes. Using a specific 18KDa Translocator Protein ligand, [11C] PBR28, T1-weightedand Diffusion Weighted magnetic resonance imaging, the brains of HTLV-1 infected patients,with and without HAM but no clinical evidence of brain involvement, were examined.Methods: Five subjects with HAM and two HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers (AC) werestudied. All underwent clinical neurological assessment including cognitive function andobjective measures of gait, quantification of HTLV-1 proviral load in peripheral bloodmononuclear cells and HLA DR expression on circulating CD8+ lymphocytes. [11C] PBR28PET and MRI were performed on the same day. [11C]PBR28 PET total volume of distribution(VT) and distribution volume ratio (DVR) were estimated using 2-tissue compartmentmodelling. MRI data was processed using tools from the FMRIB Software Library (FSL) toestimate mean diffusivity (MD) and grey matter (GM) fraction changes. The results werecompared with data from age matched healthy volunteers.Results: Across the whole brain the VT for the subjects with HAM (5.44±0.84) wassignificantly greater than those of AC (3.44±0.80). The DVR of thalamus in patients withsevere and moderate HAM were higher compared to the healthy volunteers suggestingincreased TSPO binding (z>4.72). Subjects with more severe myelopathy and with high DRexpression on CD8+ lymphocytes had increased DVR and MD (near-significant correlationfound for the right thalamus MD: p=0.06). On the T1-weighted MRI scans, the GM fractionof the brain stem was reduced in all HTLV1-infected patients compared to controls(p<0.001), whilst the thalamus GM fraction was decreased in patients with HAM andcorrelated with the disease severity. There was no correlation between neurocognitivefunction and these markers of CNS inflammation.3Conclusio
AU  - Dimber,R
AU  - Guo,Q
AU  - Bishop,C
AU  - Adonis,A
AU  - Buckley,A
AU  - Kocsis,A
AU  - Owen,D
AU  - Kalk,N
AU  - Newbould,R
AU  - Gunn,R
AU  - Rabiner,E
AU  - Taylor,GP
DO  - 10.2967/jnumed.116.175083
EP  - 1912
PY  - 2016///
SN  - 1535-5667
SP  - 1905
TI  - Evidence of brain inflammation in patients with Human T Lymphotropic Virus type 1 associated myelopathy (HAM): A pilot, multi-modal imaging study using [11C] PBR28 PET, MR T1w and DWI
T2  - Journal of Nuclear Medicine
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.116.175083
UR  - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/57/12/1905
UR  - http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/34156
VL  - 57
ER  -

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