Publications
20 results found
Salman D, Le Feuvre P, Hill O, et al., 2023, Movement Foundations. The perceived impact of a digital rehabilitation tool for returning to fitness following a period of illness, including Covid-19 infection: a qualitative study, BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, ISSN: 2055-7647
Digital interventions can increase physical activity (PA) levels in adults. However, the Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the complexities faced when guiding people to start, or return to, PA following illness or inactivity. A digital tool, Movement Foundations, was developed to provide remote guidance on building strength and capacity across functional movement patterns, with graduated progression based on user responses and input. This qualitative study aimed to explore the perceived impacts of using the tool. Nine participants aged over 35 years from the healthcare and academic healthcare sectors were recruited to use it and were subsequently interviewed. Thematic analysis identified three themes falling under the overarching concept of COM-B Plus (Capability, Opportunity and Motivation-Behaviour), encompassing: skills and capacity for movement; opportunities, motivations and barriers for movement; and a personalised, safe space in which to develop. Participants felt that the digital tool increased their capacity and confidence in movement and positively impacted their daily activities. External factors such as illness and stress clouded perceptions of the impacts of PA. Time, work pressures and needing equipment were still considered significant barriers to PA. Still, participants appreciated the flexibility and non-prescriptive nature of the tool and felt that it helped movement to become opportunistic and habitual. Increased capacity for PA and feeling the subsequent physical and mental effects positively influenced motivation. Structure and guidance, with graduated progress, were seen as protective. Guided self-reflection helped participants understand their capacity and limitations with regard to movement and promoted motivation. Although acquiring technical skills to guide movement may be important for those recovering from illness, participants found that a structure promoting individualised guidance, graduated progression and guided self-reflection were impo
Vishnubala D, Iqbal A, Marino K, et al., 2023, An undergraduate curriculum in Sport and Exercise Medicine: A Delphi study, BMC Medical Education, ISSN: 1472-6920
Green C, Beaney T, Salman D, et al., 2022, The impacts of social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity levels of over 50-year olds: the CHARIOT COVID-19 Rapid Response (CCRR) cohort study, Publisher: medRxiv
Objectives: To quantify the associations between shielding status and loneliness at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and physical activity (PA) levels throughout the pandemic.Methods: Demographic, health and lifestyle characteristics of 7748 cognitively healthy adults aged >50, and living in London, were surveyed from April 2020 to March 2021. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short-form assessed PA before COVID-19 restrictions, and up to 6 times over 11 months. Linear mixed models investigated associations between baseline shielding status, loneliness, and time-varying PA.Results: Participants who felt ‘often lonely’ at the outset of the pandemic completed an average of 522 and 547 fewer Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) minutes/week (95% CI: -809, -236, p<0.001) (95% CI: -818, -275, p<0.001) than those who felt ‘never lonely’ in univariable and multivariable models adjusted for demographic factors respectively. Those who felt ‘sometimes lonely’ completed 112 fewer MET minutes/week (95% CI: -219, -5, p=0.041) than those who felt ‘never lonely’ following adjustment for demographic factors.Participants: who were shielding at the outset of the pandemic completed an average of 352 fewer MET minutes/week than those who were not (95% CI: -432, -273; p<0.001) in univariable models and 228 fewer MET minutes/week (95% CI: -307, -150, p<0.001) following adjustment for demographic factors. No significant associations were found after further adjustment for health and lifestyle factors.Conclusions: Those shielding or lonely at pandemic onset were likely to have completed low levels of PA during the pandemic. These associations are influenced by co-morbidities and health status.
Vishnubala D, Iqbal A, Marino K, et al., 2022, UK doctors delivering physical activity advice: What are the challenges and possible solutions? A qualitative study, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol: 19, ISSN: 1660-4601
Despite strategies to enable Health Care Professionals (HCPs) to give physical activity (PA) advice to patients, this appears to be rarely done in consultations. The aims of the present study were to gain an understanding of doctors’ awareness of current PA guidelines and to explore their opinions on barriers and solutions. A qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews was adopted. This study included 15 doctors currently working in the UK’s National Health Service (NHS). A thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the transcripts. Four themes and twelve sub-themes were deciphered. Intrinsic factors limiting the delivery of PA advice included a lack of knowledge of PA guidelines and PA being an afterthought. Barriers to delivering PA guidance included a lack of PA education, time pressures, and patient engagement. Solutions included staff training, incorporating PA into undergraduate training, and encouraging staff to be physically active. Methods to optimise PA guidance included individualised PA advice, local exercise services and schemes, utilising online and visual resources, and motivational interviewing. This study provides an updated insight into doctors’ opinions on barriers and solutions to discussing PA with patients. It is clear that further work is needed to ensure greater awareness of PA guidelines amongst clinicians.
Salman D, 2022, Peer Review of “Patterns of Physical Activity Among University Students and Their Perceptions About the Curricular Content Concerned With Health: Cross-sectional Study”, JMIRx Med, Vol: 3, Pages: e37322-e37322
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Vishnubala D, Iqbal A, Marino KR, et al., 2022, Creating a sport and exercise medicine masters syllabus for doctors: a Delphi study, BMJ Open Sport and Exercise Medicine, Vol: 8, Pages: 1-6, ISSN: 2055-7647
Objective: Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) Masters curricula vary. This Delphi study is aimed to create a consensus curriculum for doctors undertaking SEM Masters courses.Methods: A modified Delphi survey was used. An expert panel was established of individuals deemed to have adequate knowledge of the field. The research group developed the initial draft of the curriculum by collatingand reviewing previously published UK-based postgraduate SEM-related curricula. There were two phases. In phase 1 the expert group either accepted, rejected or modified each learning objective (LO). During phase 2 the expert group were asked to accept or reject each LO that did not getaccepted outright previously. The research group analysed the levels of agreements and the comments given by the expert panel after each phase.Results: The expert panel consisted of 45 individuals, with 35 completing phase 2 (78% retention rate). Of the 136 LOs initially collated: 71 (52%) were accepted outright, 60 (44%) were altered in some way and reincluded inphase 2, and 5 (4%) were removed after phase 1. The research group added 2 (1%) new LOs on reflection over comments made by the expert panel. The final curriculum contained 133 LOs, divided into 11 subthemes.Conclusions: The findings will better inform educators when developing SEM Masters curricula and inform students what they should look for when considering an SEM Masters. This consensus curriculum is an importantstep in standardising postgraduate SEM education.
Udeh-Momoh C, Watermeyer T, Sindi S, et al., 2021, Health, lifestyle and psycho-social determinants of poor sleep quality during the Early Phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: a focus on UK older adults deemed clinically extremely vulnerable, Frontiers in Public Health, Vol: 9, Pages: 1-11, ISSN: 2296-2565
Background: Several studies have assessed the impact of COVID-19-relatedlockdownson sleep quality across global populations. However, no study to date has specifically assessed at-riskpopulations, particularly those at highest risk of complications from coronavirus infection deemed “clinically-extremely-vulnerable-(COVID-19CEV)” [as defined by Public Health England, 2020].Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed 5,558 adults aged ≥50 years (of whom 523 met criteria for COVID-19CEV) during the first pandemic wave that resulted in a nationwide-lockdown (April-June 2020) with assessments of sleep quality (an adapted sleep scale that captured multiple sleep indices before and during the lockdown), health/medical, lifestyle, psychosocial and socio demographic factors. We examined associations between these variablesand sleep quality;and explored interactions of COVID-19CEV status with significant predictors of poor sleep,to identify potential moderating factors. Results: 37% of participants reported poor sleep quality which was associated with younger age, female sex and multimorbidity. Significant associations with poor sleep included health/medical factors: COVID-19 CEV status, higher BMI, arthritis, pulmonary disease, and mental health disorders; and the following lifestyle and psychosocial factors: living alone, higher alcohol consumption, an unhealthy diet and higher depressive and anxiety symptoms. Moderators of the negative relationship between COVID-19 CEV status and good sleep quality were marital status, loneliness, anxiety and diet. Within this subgroup, less anxious and less lonely males, as well as females with healthier diets, reported better sleep. Conclusions: Sleep quality in older adults was compromised during the sudden unprecedented nation-wide lockdown due to distinct modifiable factors. An important contribution of our study is the assessment of a &ldquo
Salman D, Beaney T, Robb C, et al., 2021, The impact of social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity levels of adults aged 50-92 years: a baseline survey of the CHARIOT COVID-19 Rapid Response prospective cohort study, BMJ Open, Vol: 11, Pages: 1-12, ISSN: 2044-6055
Objectives: Physical inactivity is more common in older adults, is associated with social isolation and loneliness, and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. We examined the effect of social restrictions to reduce COVID-19 transmission in the UK (lockdown), on physical activity (PA) levels of older adults, and the social predictors of any change.Design: Baseline analysis of a survey-based prospective cohort study Setting: Adults enrolled in the Cognitive Health in Ageing Register for Investigational and Observational Trials (CHARIOT) cohort from General Practitioner (GP) practices in North West London were invited to participate from April to July 2020.Participants: 6,219 cognitively healthy adults aged 50 to 92 years completed the survey.Main outcome measures: Self-reported PA before and after the introduction of lockdown, as measured by Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) minutes. Associations of PA with demographic, lifestyle and social factors, mood and frailty.Results: Mean PA was significantly lower following the introduction of lockdown, from 3,519 MET minutes/week to 3,185 MET minutes/week (p<0.001). After adjustment for confounders and pre-lockdown PA, lower levels of PA after the introduction of lockdown were found in those who were over 85 years old (640 [95% CI: 246 to 1034] MET minutes/week less); were divorced or single (240 [95% CI: 120 to 360] MET minutes/week less); living alone (277 [95% CI: 152 to 402] MET minutes/week less); reported feeling lonely often (306 [95% CI: 60 to 552] MET minutes/week less); and showed symptoms of depression (1007 [95% CI: 1401 to 612] MET minutes/week less) compared to those aged 50-64 years, married, co-habiting, and not reporting loneliness or depression, respectively. Conclusions and Implications: Markers of social isolation, loneliness and depression were associated with lower PA following the introduction of lockdown in the UK. Targeted interventions to increase PA in these groups should be consid
Udeh-Momoh CT, Watermeyer T, Sindi S, et al., 2021, Associations of Health, Lifestyle and Psycho-Social Factors With Sleep Quality During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Focus on UK Older Adults Deemed Clinically Extremely Vulnerable, SSRN Electronic Journal
Salman D, Vishnubala D, Le Feuvre P, et al., 2021, Returning to physical activity after covid-19, BMJ: British Medical Journal, Vol: 372, Pages: 372-m4721, ISSN: 0959-535X
Salman D, Beaney T, Robb CE, et al., 2021, The impact of social restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical activity levels of older adults: a baseline analysis of the CHARIOT COVID-19 Rapid Response prospective cohort study, Publisher: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives</jats:title><jats:p>Physical inactivity is more common in older adults, is associated with social isolation and loneliness, and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. We examined the effect of social restrictions, implemented to reduce transmission of COVID-19 in the UK (lockdown), on physical activity (PA) levels of older adults, and the demographic, lifestyle and social predictors of this change.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design</jats:title><jats:p>Baseline analysis of a survey-based prospective cohort study</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting</jats:title><jats:p>Adults enrolled in the Cognitive Health in Ageing Register for Investigational and Observational Trials (CHARIOT) cohort from GP practices in North West London were invited to participate from April to July 2020.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Participants</jats:title><jats:p>6,219 cognitively healthy adults aged 50 to 92 years completed the survey.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures</jats:title><jats:p>Self-reported PA before and after lockdown, as measured by Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) minutes. Associations of PA with demographic, lifestyle and social factors, mood and frailty.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Mean PA was significantly lower following lockdown, from 3,519 MET minutes/week to 3,185 MET minutes/week (p<0.001). After adjustment for confounders and pre-lockdown PA, lower levels of PA after lockdown were found in those who were over 85 years old (640 [95% CI: 246 to 1034] MET minutes/week less); were divorced or single (240 [95% CI: 120 to 360] MET minutes/week less); living alone (277 [95
Beaney T, Clarke JM, Jain V, et al., 2020, Excess mortality: the gold standard in measuring the impact of COVID-19 worldwide?, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, Vol: 113, Pages: 329-334, ISSN: 0141-0768
Beaney T, Salman D, Samee T, et al., 2020, Assessment and management of adults with asthma during the covid-19 pandemic., BMJ, Vol: 369, Pages: 1-5, ISSN: 1759-2151
Salman D, Farooqi M, McGregor A, et al., 2019, Time spent being sedentary: an emerging risk factor for poor health, British Journal of General Practice, Vol: 69, Pages: 278-279, ISSN: 0960-1643
Poobalasingam T, Salman D, Li H, et al., 2016, Imaging the lung: the old ways and the new, Histology and Histopathology, Vol: 32, Pages: 325-337, ISSN: 1699-5848
Our understanding of lung biology can be greatly enhanced by studying embryonic and postnatal lung development, and the perturbations which occur during disease. Imaging techniques provide a unique insight into these processes. A wide variety of imaging techniques have been used to study the lungs at various stages of development and disease, ranging from histological stains to more novel techniques such as single plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), intravital microscopy (IVM), and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Each of these tools can be used to elicit different information about the lungs and each has its own unique advantages and disadvantages for pulmonary research. In this review we assess some of the most commonly-used and novel imaging techniques available for lung research today.
Salman D, Dean C, Griffiths MJD, 2016, Cyclic Strain of Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) Induces Pro-Inflammatory and Pro-Proliferative Signalling, 60th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical-Society, Publisher: CELL PRESS, Pages: 96A-96A, ISSN: 0006-3495
Salman D, 2013, A molecular handshake: insulin–receptor interaction revealed, The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Vol: 1, Pages: s10-s10, ISSN: 2213-8587
Salman D, Finney SJ, Griffiths MJD, 2013, Strategies to reduce ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI), BURNS, Vol: 39, Pages: 200-211, ISSN: 0305-4179
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- Citations: 10
Salman D, Cordingley JJ, Price S, et al., 2011, Step down from extracorporeal memnra oxygenation (ECMO) to extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) in severe persisten acute repsriatory distress syndrome (ARDS), Am J Respir Crit Care Med, American Thoracic Society, Pages: A3884-A3884
<sec> <title>UNSTRUCTURED</title> <p>This is a peer review report related to MS# 31521</p> </sec>
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