Publications
250 results found
GOSSETT JM, STUCKEY DC, OWEN WF, et al., 1982, HEAT-TREATMENT AND ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION OF REFUSE, JOURNAL OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DIVISION-ASCE, Vol: 108, Pages: 437-454, ISSN: 0090-3914
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- Citations: 45
STUCKEY DC, OWEN WF, MCCARTY PL, et al., 1980, ANAEROBIC TOXICITY EVALUATION BY BATCH AND SEMI-CONTINUOUS ASSAYS, JOURNAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION, Vol: 52, Pages: 720-729, ISSN: 0043-1303
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- Citations: 45
OWEN WF, STUCKEY DC, HEALY JB, et al., 1979, BIOASSAY FOR MONITORING BIOCHEMICAL METHANE POTENTIAL AND ANAEROBIC TOXICITY, WATER RESEARCH, Vol: 13, Pages: 485-492, ISSN: 0043-1354
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- Citations: 1202
McCarty PL, Young LY, Healy JB, et al., 1978, THERMOCHEMICAL TREATMENT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC AND NITROGENOUS RESIDUALS FOR INCREASING ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADABILITY., Publication NMAB - National Materials Advisory Board (United States), Vol: 2
The microbiological conversion of residual organic materials to methane gas has the potential of supplying a significant proportion of the current natural gas demand in the United States. Studies on the bioconversion of oranic residuals to methane have emphasized one significant problem which both adds to the cost of methane production and reduces the actual gas production by 20 to 100 percent below the potential yield. This problem is the inability of microorganisms to completely ferment all the organic matter in residuals. The objective of reported studies at Stanford University has been to increase the biodegradability and hence, methane production from residual orgnaic materials by heat treatment at elevated temperatures and pressures. The study has concentrated on increasing the biodegradability of lignocellulosic and nitrogenous proteins materials. Extensive research data are presented which demonstrate that heat treatment at temperatures of 175 degree to 200 degree C can significantly increase the convertibility of lignocellulosic and nitrogenous organic residues to methane. In addition to increased methane production, heat treatment can decrease the quantity of residue requiring subsequent disposal after methane fermentation is complete. Lignocellulosic materials require chemical addition in order to achieve a significant increase in biodegradability. The chemical costs no doubt would be high, and this would probably limit the economic viabiltiy of heat treatment for increasing methane yields from such materials. With nitrogenous organics, heat treatment can be effective for increasing biodegradability without the addition of chemicals. In addition the increased dewaterability of the digested sludge which results should make heat treatment an attractive procedure for pretreatment of sludges and other readily available nitrogen-containing residues.
HAUG RT, STUCKEY DC, GOSSETT JM, 1978, EFFECT OF THERMAL PRETREATMENT ON DIGESTIBILITY AND DE-WATERABILITY OF ORGANIC SLUDGES, JOURNAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL FEDERATION, Vol: 50, Pages: 73-85, ISSN: 0043-1303
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- Citations: 160
McCarty PL, Young LY, Gossett JM, et al., 1977, HEAT TREATMENT FOR INCREASING METHANE YIELDS FROM ORGANIC MATERIALS., Pages: 179-199
This research is concerned with the efficacy of heat treatment to convert refractory organic materials to biodegradable substances so that they will be convertible biologically to methane gas. Organic municipal refuse was used to represent a typical lignocellulosic waste material. This material was subjected to heat treatment at temperatures from 25 degree to 250 degree C, pH from 1 to 13, and for times up to 3 hours. Based upon short-term biogradability tests, optimum temperature for improvement of biodegradability increased with increase in pH from 130 degree C at pH 1 to 200 degree C at pH 13. With alkaline treatment, maximum biodegradability was low. Increased solubilization of organics was achieved with increased temperature at all pHs, the maximum observed being 90 percent at ph 13 and 250 degree C. Semi-continuous digestion studies indicated greater increase in biodegradability resulted from heat treatment than was predicted from the short-term biodegradability studies. Results suggest that a two-stage digestion system with heat treatment of material from the first stage at pH 13 and 200 degree C would result in an additional 73 percent volatile solids destruction, a 73 percent increase in methane production, and a 36 percent reduction in volatile solids for ultimate disposal. Refs.
Gossett JM, Healy JB, Owen WF, et al., 1976, HEAT TREATMENT OF REFUSE FOR INCREASING ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADABILITY., Stanford Univ Dep Civ Eng Tech Rep
The research described is concerned with the efficacy of various heat treatment procedures in converting refractory organic materials to biodegradable substances so they will be convertible to methane gas. Cellulose bound with lignin is not biodegradable. Heat treatment at temperatures near 200 degree C and at pH 13 solubilizes the lignin, freeing the cellulose for methane fermentation. Higher temperatures resulted in extensive cellulose solubilization and reduced biodegradability.
Gossett JM, Healy JB, Stuckey DC, et al., 1976, HEAT TREATMENT OF REFUSE FOR INCREASING ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADABILITY., Stanford Univ Dep Civ Eng Tech Rep
The research described is concerned with the efficacy of various heat treatment procedures in converting refractory organic materials to biodegradable substances so they will be convertable to methane gas. Organic refuse materials were subjected to temperatures from 25 to 250 degree C, pH from 1 to 13, and for times up to 3 hours. Biodegradability was assessed with a Warburg respirometer. Some of the chemical added for pH control was found to be consumed during heat treatment, reducing the concentration in solution which is effective in transforming organics. For this reason, chemical requirements can be minimized by increasing the solids concentration in the reactor feed.
Gossett JM, Healy JB, Owen WF, et al., 1976, HEAT TREATMENT OF REFUSE FOR INCREASING ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADABILITY., Stanford Univ Dep Civ Eng Tech Rep
The research described is concerned with the efficacy of various heat treatment procedures in converting refractory organic materials to biodegradable substances so they will be convertible to methane gas. Cellulose bound with lignin is not biodegradable. Heat treatment at temperatures near 200 degree C and at pH 13 solubilizes the lignin, freeing the cellulose for methane fermentation. Higher temperatures resulted in extensive cellulose solubilization and reduced biodegradability.
Gossett JM, Healy JB, Stuckey DC, et al., 1976, HEAT TREATMENT OF REFUSE FOR INCREASING ANAEROBIC BIODEGRADABILITY., Stanford Univ Dep Civ Eng Tech Rep
The research described is concerned with the efficacy of various heat treatment procedures in converting refractory organic materials to biodegradable substances so they will be convertable to methane gas. Organic refuse materials were subjected to temperatures from 25 to 250 degree C, pH from 1 to 13, and for times up to 3 hours. Biodegradability was assessed with a Warburg respirometer. Some of the chemical added for pH control was found to be consumed during heat treatment, reducing the concentration in solution which is effective in transforming organics. For this reason, chemical requirements can be minimized by increasing the solids concentration in the reactor feed.
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