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@article{Hanson:2022:10.1101/2022.05.26.22275532,
author = {Hanson, SW and Abbafati, C and Aerts, JG and Al-Aly, Z and Ashbaugh, C and Ballouz, T and Blyuss, O and Bobkova, P and Bonsel, G and Borzakova, S and Buonsenso, D and Butnaru, D and Carter, A and Chu, H and De, Rose C and Diab, MM and Ekbom, E and El, Tantawi M and Fomin, V and Frithiof, R and Gamirova, A and Glybochko, PV and Haagsma, JA and Javanmard, SH and Hamilton, EB and Harris, G and Heijenbrok-Kal, MH and Helbok, R and Hellemons, ME and Hillus, D and Huijts, SM and Hultström, M and Jassat, W and Kurth, F and Larsson, I-M and Lipcsey, M and Liu, C and Loflin, CD and Malinovschi, A and Mao, W and Mazankova, L and McCulloch, D and Menges, D and Mohammadifard, N and Munblit, D and Nekliudov, NA and Ogbuoji, O and Osmanov, IM and Peñalvo, JL and Petersen, MS and Puhan, MA and Rahman, M and Rass, V and Reinig, N and Ribbers, GM and Ricchiuto, A and Rubertsson, S and Samitova, E and Sarrafzadegan, N and Shikhaleva, A and Simpson, KE and Sinatti, D and Soriano, JB and Spiridonova, E an},
doi = {10.1101/2022.05.26.22275532},
journal = {medRxiv},
title = {A global systematic analysis of the occurrence, severity, and recovery pattern of long COVID in 2020 and 2021.},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.26.22275532},
year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
AB  - IMPORTANCE: While much of the attention on the COVID-19 pandemic was directed at the daily counts of cases and those with serious disease overwhelming health services, increasingly, reports have appeared of people who experience debilitating symptoms after the initial infection. This is popularly known as long COVID. OBJECTIVE: To estimate by country and territory of the number of patients affected by long COVID in 2020 and 2021, the severity of their symptoms and expected pattern of recovery. DESIGN: We jointly analyzed ten ongoing cohort studies in ten countries for the occurrence of three major symptom clusters of long COVID among representative COVID cases. The defining symptoms of the three clusters (fatigue, cognitive problems, and shortness of breath) are explicitly mentioned in the WHO clinical case definition. For incidence of long COVID, we adopted the minimum duration after infection of three months from the WHO case definition. We pooled data from the contributing studies, two large medical record databases in the United States, and findings from 44 published studies using a Bayesian meta-regression tool. We separately estimated occurrence and pattern of recovery in patients with milder acute infections and those hospitalized. We estimated the incidence and prevalence of long COVID globally and by country in 2020 and 2021 as well as the severity-weighted prevalence using disability weights from the Global Burden of Disease study. RESULTS: Analyses are based on detailed information for 1906 community infections and 10526 hospitalized patients from the ten collaborating cohorts, three of which included children. We added published data on 37262 community infections and 9540 hospitalized patients as well as ICD-coded medical record data concerning 1.3 million infections. Globally, in 2020 and 2021, 144.7 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 54.8-312.9) people suffered from any of the three symptom clusters of long COVID. This corresponds to 3.69% (1.38-7.
AU  - Hanson,SW
AU  - Abbafati,C
AU  - Aerts,JG
AU  - Al-Aly,Z
AU  - Ashbaugh,C
AU  - Ballouz,T
AU  - Blyuss,O
AU  - Bobkova,P
AU  - Bonsel,G
AU  - Borzakova,S
AU  - Buonsenso,D
AU  - Butnaru,D
AU  - Carter,A
AU  - Chu,H
AU  - De,Rose C
AU  - Diab,MM
AU  - Ekbom,E
AU  - El,Tantawi M
AU  - Fomin,V
AU  - Frithiof,R
AU  - Gamirova,A
AU  - Glybochko,PV
AU  - Haagsma,JA
AU  - Javanmard,SH
AU  - Hamilton,EB
AU  - Harris,G
AU  - Heijenbrok-Kal,MH
AU  - Helbok,R
AU  - Hellemons,ME
AU  - Hillus,D
AU  - Huijts,SM
AU  - Hultström,M
AU  - Jassat,W
AU  - Kurth,F
AU  - Larsson,I-M
AU  - Lipcsey,M
AU  - Liu,C
AU  - Loflin,CD
AU  - Malinovschi,A
AU  - Mao,W
AU  - Mazankova,L
AU  - McCulloch,D
AU  - Menges,D
AU  - Mohammadifard,N
AU  - Munblit,D
AU  - Nekliudov,NA
AU  - Ogbuoji,O
AU  - Osmanov,IM
AU  - Peñalvo,JL
AU  - Petersen,MS
AU  - Puhan,MA
AU  - Rahman,M
AU  - Rass,V
AU  - Reinig,N
AU  - Ribbers,GM
AU  - Ricchiuto,A
AU  - Rubertsson,S
AU  - Samitova,E
AU  - Sarrafzadegan,N
AU  - Shikhaleva,A
AU  - Simpson,KE
AU  - Sinatti,D
AU  - Soriano,JB
AU  - Spiridonova,E
AU  - Steinbeis,F
AU  - Svistunov,AA
AU  - Valentini,P
AU  - van,de Water BJ
AU  - van,den Berg-Emons R
AU  - Wallin,E
AU  - Witzenrath,M
AU  - Wu,Y
AU  - Xu,H
AU  - Zoller,T
AU  - Adolph,C
AU  - Albright,J
AU  - Amlag,JO
AU  - Aravkin,AY
AU  - Bang-Jensen,BL
AU  - Bisignano,C
AU  - Castellano,R
AU  - Castro,E
AU  - Chakrabarti,S
AU  - Collins,JK
AU  - Dai,X
AU  - Daoud,F
AU  - Dapper,C
AU  - Deen,A
AU  - Duncan,BB
AU  - Erickson,M
AU  - Ewald,SB
AU  - Ferrari,AJ
AU  - Flaxman,AD
AU  - Fullman,N
AU  - Gamkrelidze,A
AU  - Giles,JR
AU  - Guo,G
AU  - Hay,SI
AU  - He,J
AU  - Helak,M
AU  - Hulland,EN
AU  - Kereselidze,M
AU  - Krohn,KJ
AU  - Lazzar-Atwood,A
AU  - Lindstrom,A
AU  - Lozano,R
AU  - Magistro,B
AU  - Malta,DC
AU  - Månsson,J
AU  - Herrera,AMM
AU  - Mokdad,AH
AU  - Monasta,L
AU  - Nomura,S
AU  - Pasovic,M
AU  - Pigott,DM
AU  - Reiner,RC
AU  - Reinke,G
AU  - Ribeiro,ALP
AU  - Santomauro,DF
AU  - Sholokhov,A
AU  - Spurlock,EE
AU  - Walcott,R
AU  - Walker,A
AU  - Wiysonge,CS
AU  - Zheng,P
AU  - Bettger,JP
AU  - Murray,CJ
AU  - Vos,T
DO  - 10.1101/2022.05.26.22275532
PY  - 2022///
TI  - A global systematic analysis of the occurrence, severity, and recovery pattern of long COVID in 2020 and 2021.
T2  - medRxiv
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.26.22275532
UR  - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35664995
ER  -

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DR. DANIEL MUNBLIT

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